中国水稻科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 595-605.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.200820
孙园园1,2,#, 张桥1,#, 孙永健1,*(), 唐源1, 郭长春1, 刘芳艳1, 武云霞1, 杨志远1, 马均1
收稿日期:
2020-08-28
修回日期:
2021-03-30
出版日期:
2021-11-10
发布日期:
2021-11-10
通讯作者:
孙永健
基金资助:
Yuanyuan SUN1,2,#, Qiao ZHANG1,#, Yongjian SUN1,*(), Yuan TANG1, Changchun GUO1, Fangyan LIU1, Yunxia WU1, Zhiyuan YANG1, jun MA1
Received:
2020-08-28
Revised:
2021-03-30
Online:
2021-11-10
Published:
2021-11-10
Contact:
Yongjian SUN
摘要:
【目的】氮素的吸收利用决定着水稻物质积累和产量的形成。随着农村劳动力的减少,机插稻迅速发展, 但针对机插稻育秧环节与插秧机具融合对机插稻氮素吸收利用特征影响的研究较少。以机插稻农机农艺首要融合点“育秧-机插”关键环节为研究对象,探究育秧方式配合不同插秧机具对机插稻氮素吸收利用的影响。【方法】以杂交籼稻F优498为试验材料,采用三因素随机区组试验,设置2种育秧方式:营养土育秧和稀泥育秧;3个播种量:65 g/盘,85 g/盘,105 g/盘;2种插秧机具:4行手扶式插秧机,6行乘坐式高速插秧机。【结果】育秧方式、播种量以及插秧机具对机插稻结实期不同营养器官氮素吸收转运、剑叶SPAD值以及氮素收获指数、氮素稻谷生产效率与产量影响显著或极显著,且互作效应显著或极显著。营养土育秧处理下机插稻氮素积累以及氮素利用效率较稀泥育秧优势明显,植株各器官氮素转运量、转运率、贡献率以及穗部氮素增加量均一定程度高于稀泥育秧处理,平均提高了21.12%、15.20%、10.03%、6.45%;随着播种量的增加,机插稻稻谷产量、结实期氮素吸收转运量、氮素干物质生产效率以及氮肥偏生产力呈先上升后下降的趋势,尤其播种量为85 g/盘时机插稻成熟期植株中氮素的积累量相较于65 g/盘、105 g/盘播量平均增加了16.19%,28.14%;6行乘坐式高速插秧机处理下机插稻产量以及构成因素、结实期干物质量、植株氮素吸收量和转运量、氮干物质生产效率以及氮肥偏生产力显著高于4行手扶式插秧机。【结论】综合氮素积累量和氮素转运量、机插稻结实期穗部氮素积累量、产量及其构成因素考虑,运用营养土育秧,播量85 g/盘配合6行乘坐式高速插秧机能有效提高机插稻氮素吸收利用,促进产量的形成。
孙园园, 张桥, 孙永健, 唐源, 郭长春, 刘芳艳, 武云霞, 杨志远, 马均. 不同育秧方式下播种量和插秧机具对机插稻氮素利用和产量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2021, 35(6): 595-605.
Yuanyuan SUN, Qiao ZHANG, Yongjian SUN, Yuan TANG, Changchun GUO, Fangyan LIU, Yunxia WU, Zhiyuan YANG, jun MA. Effects of Seeding Quantity and Transplanting Machine Type on Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Mechanically transplanted Rice in Different Seedling Raising Ways[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2021, 35(6): 595-605.
年份 Year | 全氮 Total N/(g·kg-1) | 有机质 Organic matter/(g·kg-1) | pH值 pH value | 速效养分 Available nutrient/(mg·kg-1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | P | K | ||||
2018 | 2.16 | 24.9 | 4.62 | 101.3 | 57.9 | 102.5 |
2019 | 2.08 | 23.8 | 4.65 | 94.8 | 46.3 | 100.1 |
表1 试验田耕层土壤(0–20 cm)理化性状
Table 1 Physicochemical properties of soil (0-20 cm) in the experiments.
年份 Year | 全氮 Total N/(g·kg-1) | 有机质 Organic matter/(g·kg-1) | pH值 pH value | 速效养分 Available nutrient/(mg·kg-1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | P | K | ||||
2018 | 2.16 | 24.9 | 4.62 | 101.3 | 57.9 | 102.5 |
2019 | 2.08 | 23.8 | 4.65 | 94.8 | 46.3 | 100.1 |
年份 Year | 育秧方式 Seedling raising mode | 播种日期(月-日) Sowing date (Month-Day) | 移栽日期(月-日) Transplanting date (Month-Day) | 生育时期(月-日) Growth stage (Month-Day) 齐穗期 成熟期 Full heading stage Maturity stage | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 营养土育秧 Seedling raised by nutrient soil | 04-04 | 05-04 | 07-22 | 09-02 |
稀泥育秧 Slime-raised seedling | 04-04 | 05-04 | 07-22 | 09-02 | |
2019 | 营养土育秧 Seedling raised by nutrient soil | 04-06 | 05-07 | 07-25 | 09-03 |
稀泥育秧 Slime-raised seedling | 04-06 | 05-07 | 07-25 | 09-03 |
表2 不同育秧方式水稻主要生育时期
Table 2 Main growth periods of rice seedlings raised by different ways.
年份 Year | 育秧方式 Seedling raising mode | 播种日期(月-日) Sowing date (Month-Day) | 移栽日期(月-日) Transplanting date (Month-Day) | 生育时期(月-日) Growth stage (Month-Day) 齐穗期 成熟期 Full heading stage Maturity stage | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 营养土育秧 Seedling raised by nutrient soil | 04-04 | 05-04 | 07-22 | 09-02 |
稀泥育秧 Slime-raised seedling | 04-04 | 05-04 | 07-22 | 09-02 | |
2019 | 营养土育秧 Seedling raised by nutrient soil | 04-06 | 05-07 | 07-25 | 09-03 |
稀泥育秧 Slime-raised seedling | 04-06 | 05-07 | 07-25 | 09-03 |
育秧方式 Seedling raising ways | 插秧机具 Transplanting machine | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 有效穗数 Effective panicle number /(×104·hm-2) | 每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle | 总颖花数 Total spikelet number /(×106·hm-2) | 千粒重 1000-grain weight/g | 结实率 Seed-setting rate/% | 稻谷产量 Grain yield/(kg·hm-2) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 2019 | ||||||||||
营养土育秧(A1) Raised by nutrient soil | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 184.44 d | 192.30 c | 354.33 e | 31.11 a | 89.03 a | 11 001.2 c | 10 040.5 d | ||
C2 | 192.61 b | 196.87 a | 378.81 b | 30.76 a | 88.84 a | 11 115.8 bc | 10 833.6 b | ||||
C3 | 178.85 e | 191.47 c | 342.46 f | 30.67 a | 88.57 a | 9 909.9 d | 9 856.8 d | ||||
平均 Average | 185.30 | 193.55 | 358.53 | 30.85 | 88.81 | 10 675.6 | 10 243.6 | ||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 191.51 bc | 190.36 d | 364.57 c | 31.29 a | 89.64 a | 11 512.5 ab | 10 359.0 c | |||
C2 | 204.62 a | 194.84 b | 398.68 a | 30.88 a | 88.74 a | 11 740.7 a | 11 376.3 a | ||||
C3 | 188.50 c | 190.42 c | 358.94 d | 30.38 a | 88.19 a | 10 279.9 d | 10 341.2 c | ||||
平均 Average | 194.88 | 191.88 | 374.07 | 30.85 | 88.86 | 11 177.7 | 10 692.2 | ||||
稀泥育秧(A2) Slime-raised seedling | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 182.65 d | 190.37 b | 347.70 d | 30.71 a | 88.99 a | 10 501.2 b | 9 743.2 c | ||
C2 | 186.71 c | 192.87 a | 360.12 b | 30.39 a | 88.36 a | 10 713.7 b | 10 323.8 b | ||||
C3 | 178.55 e | 188.97 bc | 337.41 e | 30.28 a | 88.03 a | 10 093.4 c | 9 279.4 d | ||||
平均 Average | 182.63 | 190.74 | 348.41 | 30.46 | 88.46 | 10 436.1 | 9 782.1 | ||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 190.34 b | 187.88 c | 351.76 c | 30.80 a | 88.96 a | 11 303.2 a | 10 324.0 b | |||
C2 | 202.58 a | 190.07 b | 380.62 a | 30.54 a | 88.62 a | 11 589.8 a | 11 000.2 a | ||||
C3 | 179.31 e | 184.81 d | 340.82 e | 30.23 a | 88.54 a | 10 470.3 b | 9 140.3 d | ||||
平均 Average | 190.74 | 187.59 | 357.73 | 30.52 | 88.71 | 11 054.4 | 10 154.8 | ||||
F值 F value | A | 25.37** | 182.91** | 219.90** | 0.07 | 1.25 | 37.82** | 57.82** | |||
B | 293.72** | 128.36** | 135.60** | 0.09 | 0.58 | 679.13** | 120.78** | ||||
C | 325.03** | 183.71** | 353.52** | 1.46 | 1.49 | 885.58** | 148.02** | ||||
A×B | 11.63** | 15.09** | 39.66** | 0.07 | 0.26 | 20.00** | 9.97** | ||||
A×C | 20.92** | 11.17** | 28.50** | 0.24 | 0.16 | 54.88** | 29.03** | ||||
B×C | 49.50** | 0.48 | 49.61** | 0.78 | 0.13 | 23.46** | 12.84** | ||||
A×B×C | 9.30** | 3.31 | 16.14** | 0.19 | 1.26 | 4.24* | 5.44* |
表3 不同育秧方式下播种量和插秧机具对机插稻产量及其构成因素的影响
Table 3 Effects of seeding quantity and transplanting machines on yield and its components of mechanically transplanted rice under different seedling raising ways.
育秧方式 Seedling raising ways | 插秧机具 Transplanting machine | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 有效穗数 Effective panicle number /(×104·hm-2) | 每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle | 总颖花数 Total spikelet number /(×106·hm-2) | 千粒重 1000-grain weight/g | 结实率 Seed-setting rate/% | 稻谷产量 Grain yield/(kg·hm-2) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 2019 | ||||||||||
营养土育秧(A1) Raised by nutrient soil | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 184.44 d | 192.30 c | 354.33 e | 31.11 a | 89.03 a | 11 001.2 c | 10 040.5 d | ||
C2 | 192.61 b | 196.87 a | 378.81 b | 30.76 a | 88.84 a | 11 115.8 bc | 10 833.6 b | ||||
C3 | 178.85 e | 191.47 c | 342.46 f | 30.67 a | 88.57 a | 9 909.9 d | 9 856.8 d | ||||
平均 Average | 185.30 | 193.55 | 358.53 | 30.85 | 88.81 | 10 675.6 | 10 243.6 | ||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 191.51 bc | 190.36 d | 364.57 c | 31.29 a | 89.64 a | 11 512.5 ab | 10 359.0 c | |||
C2 | 204.62 a | 194.84 b | 398.68 a | 30.88 a | 88.74 a | 11 740.7 a | 11 376.3 a | ||||
C3 | 188.50 c | 190.42 c | 358.94 d | 30.38 a | 88.19 a | 10 279.9 d | 10 341.2 c | ||||
平均 Average | 194.88 | 191.88 | 374.07 | 30.85 | 88.86 | 11 177.7 | 10 692.2 | ||||
稀泥育秧(A2) Slime-raised seedling | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 182.65 d | 190.37 b | 347.70 d | 30.71 a | 88.99 a | 10 501.2 b | 9 743.2 c | ||
C2 | 186.71 c | 192.87 a | 360.12 b | 30.39 a | 88.36 a | 10 713.7 b | 10 323.8 b | ||||
C3 | 178.55 e | 188.97 bc | 337.41 e | 30.28 a | 88.03 a | 10 093.4 c | 9 279.4 d | ||||
平均 Average | 182.63 | 190.74 | 348.41 | 30.46 | 88.46 | 10 436.1 | 9 782.1 | ||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 190.34 b | 187.88 c | 351.76 c | 30.80 a | 88.96 a | 11 303.2 a | 10 324.0 b | |||
C2 | 202.58 a | 190.07 b | 380.62 a | 30.54 a | 88.62 a | 11 589.8 a | 11 000.2 a | ||||
C3 | 179.31 e | 184.81 d | 340.82 e | 30.23 a | 88.54 a | 10 470.3 b | 9 140.3 d | ||||
平均 Average | 190.74 | 187.59 | 357.73 | 30.52 | 88.71 | 11 054.4 | 10 154.8 | ||||
F值 F value | A | 25.37** | 182.91** | 219.90** | 0.07 | 1.25 | 37.82** | 57.82** | |||
B | 293.72** | 128.36** | 135.60** | 0.09 | 0.58 | 679.13** | 120.78** | ||||
C | 325.03** | 183.71** | 353.52** | 1.46 | 1.49 | 885.58** | 148.02** | ||||
A×B | 11.63** | 15.09** | 39.66** | 0.07 | 0.26 | 20.00** | 9.97** | ||||
A×C | 20.92** | 11.17** | 28.50** | 0.24 | 0.16 | 54.88** | 29.03** | ||||
B×C | 49.50** | 0.48 | 49.61** | 0.78 | 0.13 | 23.46** | 12.84** | ||||
A×B×C | 9.30** | 3.31 | 16.14** | 0.19 | 1.26 | 4.24* | 5.44* |
图1 不同育秧方式下播种量和插秧机具对剑叶SPAD值的影响(2018) 柱上的小写字母表示在P<0.05水平上差异显著。FHS–齐穗期;FHS15–齐穗后15 d;FHS30–齐穗后30 d。A1–营养土育秧;A2–稀泥育秧;B1–4行手扶式插秧机;B2–6行乘坐式高速插秧机;C1、C2、C3分别表示播种量为65 g/盘、85 g/盘、105 g/盘。
Fig. 1. Effects of seeding quantity and transplanting machine on SPAD of flag leaves under different seedling raising methods (2018). The lowercase letters on the column indicate that there is a significant difference at P<0.05 level. FHS, Full heading stage; FHS15, 15 d after full heading stage; FHS30, 30 d after full heading stage. A1, Seedling raised by nutrient soil; A2, Slime raised seedling; B1, Four-row walking transplanter; B2, 6-row riding high -speed rice transplanter. C1, C2 and C3 indicate seeding rates of 65 g/plate, 85 g/plate and 105 g/plate, respectively.
育秧方式 Seedling raising way | 插秧机具 Transplanting machine | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 穗 Panicle | 植株 Plant | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FHS | MS | FHS | MS | FHS | MS | FHS | MS | ||||||||
营养土育秧(A1) Seedling raised by nutrient soil (A1) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 52.81 d | 33.21 c | 91.47 c | 23.58 d | 25.72 d | 126.51 d | 169.99 cd | 183.30 d | |||||
C2 | 59.71 b | 36.93 b | 103.08 b | 30.67 b | 29.67 b | 144.78 b | 192.46 b | 212.38 b | |||||||
C3 | 39.60 f | 24.50 e | 88.07 d | 17.78 e | 23.46 e | 119.40 e | 152.47 e | 161.67 e | |||||||
平均 Average | 50.70 | 31.55 | 94.21 | 24.01 | 26.28 | 130.23 | 171.20 | 185.78 | |||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 56.82 c | 35.16 bc | 90.56 cd | 27.31 c | 26.60 d | 137.37 c | 173.98 c | 199.66 c | ||||||
C2 | 63.78 a | 39.46 a | 115.83 a | 34.95 a | 32.53 a | 158.24 a | 212.13 a | 232.65 a | |||||||
C3 | 46.57 e | 29.03 d | 91.88 c | 30.59 b | 28.10 c | 126.64 d | 166.55 d | 186.26 d | |||||||
平均 Average | 55.72 | 34.55 | 99.42 | 30.95 | 29.07 | 140.75 | 180.89 | 206.19 | |||||||
稀泥育秧(A2) Slime-raised seedling(A2) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 44.60 d | 33.25 c | 81.16 d | 24.33 d | 24.31 d | 121.68 d | 150.08 d | 179.26 d | |||||
C2 | 49.54 b | 36.84 b | 97.34 b | 28.92 b | 28.62 b | 133.45 b | 175.49 b | 199.21 b | |||||||
C3 | 36.70 f | 27.90 d | 70.82 e | 24.02 d | 24.87 d | 117.77 e | 132.39 e | 169.69 d | |||||||
平均 Average | 43.61 | 32.66 | 83.11 | 25.76 | 25.93 | 124.30 | 152.65 | 182.72 | |||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 38.43 e | 32.13 c | 84.52 c | 25.25 cd | 26.62 c | 131.71 c | 147.57 d | 189.09 c | ||||||
C2 | 56.26 a | 38.34 a | 102.95 a | 32.55 a | 31.07 a | 136.70 a | 190.27 a | 207.59 a | |||||||
C3 | 47.02 c | 32.23 c | 82.36 cd | 26.43 c | 26.84 c | 118.43 e | 156.21 c | 177.09 d | |||||||
平均 Average | 47.24 | 34.23 | 89.94 | 28.08 | 28.17 | 128.95 | 164.68 | 191.26 | |||||||
F值 F value | A | 585.20** | 441.23** | 25.04** | 167.37** | 5.09* | 3.05 | 314.69** | 231.88** | ||||||
B | 179.96** | 129.01** | 130.59** | 76.87** | 362.35** | 206.35** | 230.44** | 704.43** | |||||||
C | 729.44** | 713.59** | 294.79** | 197.53** | 892.78** | 214.93** | 701.96** | 1064.92** | |||||||
A×B | 4.70* | 50.45** | 10.05** | 12.12** | 136.35** | 51.31** | 34.53** | 155.83** | |||||||
A×C | 119.78** | 59.12** | 7.73** | 32.34** | 326.29** | 25.36** | 57.40** | 148.87** | |||||||
B×C | 78.76** | 17.85** | 18.20** | 108.40** | 3.84* | 4.34* | 14.68** | 2.73 | |||||||
A×B×C | 46.68** | 21.18** | 3.64* | 39.11** | 124.02** | 9.71** | 7.50** | 25.91** |
表4 不同育秧方式下播种量和插秧机具对机插稻结实期氮素积累的影响(2018)
Table 4 Effects of seeding quantity and transplanting machines on N accumulation in seed setting stage of machine transplanted rice under different seeding ways (2018). kg/hm2
育秧方式 Seedling raising way | 插秧机具 Transplanting machine | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 穗 Panicle | 植株 Plant | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FHS | MS | FHS | MS | FHS | MS | FHS | MS | ||||||||
营养土育秧(A1) Seedling raised by nutrient soil (A1) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 52.81 d | 33.21 c | 91.47 c | 23.58 d | 25.72 d | 126.51 d | 169.99 cd | 183.30 d | |||||
C2 | 59.71 b | 36.93 b | 103.08 b | 30.67 b | 29.67 b | 144.78 b | 192.46 b | 212.38 b | |||||||
C3 | 39.60 f | 24.50 e | 88.07 d | 17.78 e | 23.46 e | 119.40 e | 152.47 e | 161.67 e | |||||||
平均 Average | 50.70 | 31.55 | 94.21 | 24.01 | 26.28 | 130.23 | 171.20 | 185.78 | |||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 56.82 c | 35.16 bc | 90.56 cd | 27.31 c | 26.60 d | 137.37 c | 173.98 c | 199.66 c | ||||||
C2 | 63.78 a | 39.46 a | 115.83 a | 34.95 a | 32.53 a | 158.24 a | 212.13 a | 232.65 a | |||||||
C3 | 46.57 e | 29.03 d | 91.88 c | 30.59 b | 28.10 c | 126.64 d | 166.55 d | 186.26 d | |||||||
平均 Average | 55.72 | 34.55 | 99.42 | 30.95 | 29.07 | 140.75 | 180.89 | 206.19 | |||||||
稀泥育秧(A2) Slime-raised seedling(A2) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 44.60 d | 33.25 c | 81.16 d | 24.33 d | 24.31 d | 121.68 d | 150.08 d | 179.26 d | |||||
C2 | 49.54 b | 36.84 b | 97.34 b | 28.92 b | 28.62 b | 133.45 b | 175.49 b | 199.21 b | |||||||
C3 | 36.70 f | 27.90 d | 70.82 e | 24.02 d | 24.87 d | 117.77 e | 132.39 e | 169.69 d | |||||||
平均 Average | 43.61 | 32.66 | 83.11 | 25.76 | 25.93 | 124.30 | 152.65 | 182.72 | |||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 38.43 e | 32.13 c | 84.52 c | 25.25 cd | 26.62 c | 131.71 c | 147.57 d | 189.09 c | ||||||
C2 | 56.26 a | 38.34 a | 102.95 a | 32.55 a | 31.07 a | 136.70 a | 190.27 a | 207.59 a | |||||||
C3 | 47.02 c | 32.23 c | 82.36 cd | 26.43 c | 26.84 c | 118.43 e | 156.21 c | 177.09 d | |||||||
平均 Average | 47.24 | 34.23 | 89.94 | 28.08 | 28.17 | 128.95 | 164.68 | 191.26 | |||||||
F值 F value | A | 585.20** | 441.23** | 25.04** | 167.37** | 5.09* | 3.05 | 314.69** | 231.88** | ||||||
B | 179.96** | 129.01** | 130.59** | 76.87** | 362.35** | 206.35** | 230.44** | 704.43** | |||||||
C | 729.44** | 713.59** | 294.79** | 197.53** | 892.78** | 214.93** | 701.96** | 1064.92** | |||||||
A×B | 4.70* | 50.45** | 10.05** | 12.12** | 136.35** | 51.31** | 34.53** | 155.83** | |||||||
A×C | 119.78** | 59.12** | 7.73** | 32.34** | 326.29** | 25.36** | 57.40** | 148.87** | |||||||
B×C | 78.76** | 17.85** | 18.20** | 108.40** | 3.84* | 4.34* | 14.68** | 2.73 | |||||||
A×B×C | 46.68** | 21.18** | 3.64* | 39.11** | 124.02** | 9.71** | 7.50** | 25.91** |
育秧方式 Seedling raising way | 插秧机具 Transplanter | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 穗 Panicle | 植株 Plant | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FHS | MS | FHS | MS | FHS | MS | FHS | MS | ||||||||
营养土育秧 (A1) Seedling raising by nutrient soil (A1) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 48.03 d | 26.24 c | 67.45 cd | 27.49 c | 38.32 bc | 118.39 c | 153.80 e | 172.12 d | |||||
C2 | 63.67 a | 28.12 b | 82.79 b | 30.12 b | 43.49 a | 133.23 a | 189.96 b | 191.46 b | |||||||
C3 | 45.44 d | 25.46 cd | 66.61 d | 25.22 d | 37.12 c | 117.89 c | 149.17 f | 168.56 d | |||||||
平均 Average | 52.38 | 26.61 | 72.28 | 27.61 | 39.64 | 123.17 | 164.31 | 177.38 | |||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 51.14 c | 24.17 d | 70.92 c | 24.52 d | 37.93 bc | 129.81 b | 159.99 d | 178.50 c | ||||||
C2 | 64.94 a | 29.71 a | 89.85 a | 34.08 a | 43.90 a | 136.59 a | 198.74 a | 200.38 a | |||||||
C3 | 55.63 b | 26.10 c | 79.69 b | 29.81 b | 40.24 b | 126.91 b | 172.56 c | 182.81 c | |||||||
平均 Average | 57.24 | 26.66 | 80.15 | 29.47 | 40.691 | 130.83 | 177.10 | 187.23 | |||||||
稀泥育秧 (A2) Slime seedling raising(A2) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 42.14 d | 24.59 d | 62.76 c | 27.27 b | 34.93 b | 114.41 d | 139.83 d | 167.27 c | |||||
C2 | 61.69 b | 31.91 b | 74.56 a | 29.25 ab | 37.78 a | 119.99 c | 174.03 b | 183.15 b | |||||||
C3 | 48.52 c | 29.22 c | 60.62 c | 24.11 c | 27.19 d | 109.70 e | 134.32 e | 163.04 c | |||||||
平均 Average | 50.78 | 28.57 | 65.98 | 26.87 | 32.97 | 114.04 | 149.44 | 171.16 | |||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 42.54 d | 28.94 b | 67.16 b | 29.10 b | 31.74 c | 119.51 b | 141.44 d | 177.56 b | ||||||
C2 | 65.45 a | 32.30 a | 76.06 a | 32.05 a | 38.12 a | 127.85 a | 179.63 a | 193.19 a | |||||||
C3 | 50.81 c | 29.36 b | 60.71 c | 27.86 b | 36.49 ab | 119.55 b | 148.01 c | 176.76 b | |||||||
平均 Average | 52.95 | 30.20 | 67.98 | 28.67 | 35.45 | 122.30 | 156.36 | 182.50 | |||||||
F值 F value | A | 70.01** | 0.64 | 103.20** | 198.19** | 9.76** | 297.48** | 79.62** | 80.91** | ||||||
B | 57.56** | 113.64** | 136.64** | 40.11** | 40.66** | 685.46** | 87.37** | 179.25** | |||||||
C | 94.28** | 279.56** | 138.96** | 223.37** | 17.97** | 475.45** | 107.30** | 420.16** | |||||||
A×B | 33.99** | 1.20 | 0.56 | 9.74** | 11.12** | 5.37* | 8.74** | 4.85* | |||||||
A×C | 41.41** | 294.58** | 48.47** | 67.15** | 73.26** | 43.37** | 21.52** | 46.60** | |||||||
B×C | 3.96* | 132.19** | 0.44 | 94.02** | 44.57** | 162.71** | 1.91 | 132.84** | |||||||
A×B×C | 13.08** | 38.15** | 24.85** | 26.15** | 45.09** | 84.38** | 22.65** | 16.51** |
表5 不同育秧方式下播种量和插秧机具对机插稻结实期氮素积累的影响(2019)
Table 5 Effects of seeding quantity and transplanting machines on N accumulation in grain filling stage of machine transplanted rice under different seeding ways (2019). kg/hm2
育秧方式 Seedling raising way | 插秧机具 Transplanter | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 穗 Panicle | 植株 Plant | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FHS | MS | FHS | MS | FHS | MS | FHS | MS | ||||||||
营养土育秧 (A1) Seedling raising by nutrient soil (A1) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 48.03 d | 26.24 c | 67.45 cd | 27.49 c | 38.32 bc | 118.39 c | 153.80 e | 172.12 d | |||||
C2 | 63.67 a | 28.12 b | 82.79 b | 30.12 b | 43.49 a | 133.23 a | 189.96 b | 191.46 b | |||||||
C3 | 45.44 d | 25.46 cd | 66.61 d | 25.22 d | 37.12 c | 117.89 c | 149.17 f | 168.56 d | |||||||
平均 Average | 52.38 | 26.61 | 72.28 | 27.61 | 39.64 | 123.17 | 164.31 | 177.38 | |||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 51.14 c | 24.17 d | 70.92 c | 24.52 d | 37.93 bc | 129.81 b | 159.99 d | 178.50 c | ||||||
C2 | 64.94 a | 29.71 a | 89.85 a | 34.08 a | 43.90 a | 136.59 a | 198.74 a | 200.38 a | |||||||
C3 | 55.63 b | 26.10 c | 79.69 b | 29.81 b | 40.24 b | 126.91 b | 172.56 c | 182.81 c | |||||||
平均 Average | 57.24 | 26.66 | 80.15 | 29.47 | 40.691 | 130.83 | 177.10 | 187.23 | |||||||
稀泥育秧 (A2) Slime seedling raising(A2) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 42.14 d | 24.59 d | 62.76 c | 27.27 b | 34.93 b | 114.41 d | 139.83 d | 167.27 c | |||||
C2 | 61.69 b | 31.91 b | 74.56 a | 29.25 ab | 37.78 a | 119.99 c | 174.03 b | 183.15 b | |||||||
C3 | 48.52 c | 29.22 c | 60.62 c | 24.11 c | 27.19 d | 109.70 e | 134.32 e | 163.04 c | |||||||
平均 Average | 50.78 | 28.57 | 65.98 | 26.87 | 32.97 | 114.04 | 149.44 | 171.16 | |||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 42.54 d | 28.94 b | 67.16 b | 29.10 b | 31.74 c | 119.51 b | 141.44 d | 177.56 b | ||||||
C2 | 65.45 a | 32.30 a | 76.06 a | 32.05 a | 38.12 a | 127.85 a | 179.63 a | 193.19 a | |||||||
C3 | 50.81 c | 29.36 b | 60.71 c | 27.86 b | 36.49 ab | 119.55 b | 148.01 c | 176.76 b | |||||||
平均 Average | 52.95 | 30.20 | 67.98 | 28.67 | 35.45 | 122.30 | 156.36 | 182.50 | |||||||
F值 F value | A | 70.01** | 0.64 | 103.20** | 198.19** | 9.76** | 297.48** | 79.62** | 80.91** | ||||||
B | 57.56** | 113.64** | 136.64** | 40.11** | 40.66** | 685.46** | 87.37** | 179.25** | |||||||
C | 94.28** | 279.56** | 138.96** | 223.37** | 17.97** | 475.45** | 107.30** | 420.16** | |||||||
A×B | 33.99** | 1.20 | 0.56 | 9.74** | 11.12** | 5.37* | 8.74** | 4.85* | |||||||
A×C | 41.41** | 294.58** | 48.47** | 67.15** | 73.26** | 43.37** | 21.52** | 46.60** | |||||||
B×C | 3.96* | 132.19** | 0.44 | 94.02** | 44.57** | 162.71** | 1.91 | 132.84** | |||||||
A×B×C | 13.08** | 38.15** | 24.85** | 26.15** | 45.09** | 84.38** | 22.65** | 16.51** |
育秧方式 Seedling raising way | 插秧机具 Transplanting machine | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 氮转运量 N translocation amount /(kg·hm-2) | 氮转运率 N translocation efficiency /% | 氮贡献率 N contribution rate /% | 穗氮增加量 N increment in panicle /(kg·hm-2) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | ||||||||
营养土育秧(A1) Seedling raising by nutrient soil (A1) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 19.59 c | 67.89 c | 37.06 a | 74.22 a | 15.50 a | 47.61 b | 100.80 d | ||||
C2 | 22.77 ab | 72.41 b | 38.15 a | 70.26 b | 15.73 a | 50.23 a | 115.11 b | ||||||
C3 | 15.12 e | 60.29 e | 38.12 a | 68.46 bc | 12.66 b | 49.99 a | 95.94 e | ||||||
平均 Average | 19.16 | 66.86 | 37.78 | 70.98 | 14.63 | 49.27 | 103.95 | ||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 21.66 b | 63.26 d | 38.10 a | 69.85 c | 15.41 a | 46.07 c | 110.78 c | |||||
C2 | 24.39 a | 80.88 a | 38.24 a | 69.83 bc | 15.75 a | 51.11 a | 125.71 a | ||||||
C3 | 17.54 d | 61.29 e | 37.70 a | 66.71 d | 13.85 b | 48.40 b | 98.54 de | ||||||
平均 Average | 21.20 | 68.48 | 38.01 | 68.80 | 15.01 | 48.53 | 111.68 | ||||||
稀泥育秧(A2) Slime seedling raising(A2) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 11.36 c | 56.83 c | 25.46 b | 70.13 a | 9.33 b | 46.97 bc | 97.37 b | ||||
C2 | 12.70 c | 68.43 a | 25.63 b | 70.08 a | 9.52 b | 50.77 a | 104.84 a | ||||||
C3 | 8.80 d | 42.80 d | 23.94 b | 66.86 b | 7.49 c | 36.35 d | 92.90 c | ||||||
平均 Average | 10.95 | 56.02 | 25.01 | 69.02 | 8.78 | 44.70 | 98.37 | ||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 6.30 e | 59.27 b | 16.37 c | 70.11 a | 4.78 d | 44.99 c | 105.09 a | |||||
C2 | 17.92 a | 70.40 a | 31.85 a | 68.38 a | 13.11 a | 51.50 a | 105.63 a | ||||||
C3 | 15.45 b | 55.92 c | 31.44 a | 68.16 a | 12.49 a | 47.78 b | 91.60 c | ||||||
平均 Average | 13.22 | 61.86 | 26.55 | 68.88 | 10.13 | 48.09 | 100.77 | ||||||
F值 F value | A | 566.16** | 310.51** | 370.73** | 10.35** | 377.31** | 44.22** | 243.76** | |||||
B | 35.16** | 51.52** | 1.99 | 8.82** | 9.74** | 12.35** | 88.76** | ||||||
C | 96.68** | 458.69** | 17.30** | 41.63** | 22.71** | 75.94** | 376.75** | ||||||
A×B | 10.18* | 13.37** | 1.08 | 12.07** | 3.08 | 30.14** | 24.52** | ||||||
A×C | 37.10** | 1.74 | 13.22** | 1.53 | 34.65** | 38.65** | 41.66** | ||||||
B×C | 26.79** | 27.71** | 15.30** | 4.31* | 31.99** | 26.63** | 17.73** | ||||||
A×B×C | 26.76** | 25.72** | 20.83** | 7.16** | 27.33** | 34.70** | 4.55* |
表6 不同育秧方式下播种量和插秧机具对机插稻结实期氮素转运的影响(2018)
Table 6 Effects of seeding quantity and transplanting machines on N transport during grain filling stage of machine transplanted rice under different seeding ways (2018).
育秧方式 Seedling raising way | 插秧机具 Transplanting machine | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 氮转运量 N translocation amount /(kg·hm-2) | 氮转运率 N translocation efficiency /% | 氮贡献率 N contribution rate /% | 穗氮增加量 N increment in panicle /(kg·hm-2) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | ||||||||
营养土育秧(A1) Seedling raising by nutrient soil (A1) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 19.59 c | 67.89 c | 37.06 a | 74.22 a | 15.50 a | 47.61 b | 100.80 d | ||||
C2 | 22.77 ab | 72.41 b | 38.15 a | 70.26 b | 15.73 a | 50.23 a | 115.11 b | ||||||
C3 | 15.12 e | 60.29 e | 38.12 a | 68.46 bc | 12.66 b | 49.99 a | 95.94 e | ||||||
平均 Average | 19.16 | 66.86 | 37.78 | 70.98 | 14.63 | 49.27 | 103.95 | ||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 21.66 b | 63.26 d | 38.10 a | 69.85 c | 15.41 a | 46.07 c | 110.78 c | |||||
C2 | 24.39 a | 80.88 a | 38.24 a | 69.83 bc | 15.75 a | 51.11 a | 125.71 a | ||||||
C3 | 17.54 d | 61.29 e | 37.70 a | 66.71 d | 13.85 b | 48.40 b | 98.54 de | ||||||
平均 Average | 21.20 | 68.48 | 38.01 | 68.80 | 15.01 | 48.53 | 111.68 | ||||||
稀泥育秧(A2) Slime seedling raising(A2) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 11.36 c | 56.83 c | 25.46 b | 70.13 a | 9.33 b | 46.97 bc | 97.37 b | ||||
C2 | 12.70 c | 68.43 a | 25.63 b | 70.08 a | 9.52 b | 50.77 a | 104.84 a | ||||||
C3 | 8.80 d | 42.80 d | 23.94 b | 66.86 b | 7.49 c | 36.35 d | 92.90 c | ||||||
平均 Average | 10.95 | 56.02 | 25.01 | 69.02 | 8.78 | 44.70 | 98.37 | ||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 6.30 e | 59.27 b | 16.37 c | 70.11 a | 4.78 d | 44.99 c | 105.09 a | |||||
C2 | 17.92 a | 70.40 a | 31.85 a | 68.38 a | 13.11 a | 51.50 a | 105.63 a | ||||||
C3 | 15.45 b | 55.92 c | 31.44 a | 68.16 a | 12.49 a | 47.78 b | 91.60 c | ||||||
平均 Average | 13.22 | 61.86 | 26.55 | 68.88 | 10.13 | 48.09 | 100.77 | ||||||
F值 F value | A | 566.16** | 310.51** | 370.73** | 10.35** | 377.31** | 44.22** | 243.76** | |||||
B | 35.16** | 51.52** | 1.99 | 8.82** | 9.74** | 12.35** | 88.76** | ||||||
C | 96.68** | 458.69** | 17.30** | 41.63** | 22.71** | 75.94** | 376.75** | ||||||
A×B | 10.18* | 13.37** | 1.08 | 12.07** | 3.08 | 30.14** | 24.52** | ||||||
A×C | 37.10** | 1.74 | 13.22** | 1.53 | 34.65** | 38.65** | 41.66** | ||||||
B×C | 26.79** | 27.71** | 15.30** | 4.31* | 31.99** | 26.63** | 17.73** | ||||||
A×B×C | 26.76** | 25.72** | 20.83** | 7.16** | 27.33** | 34.70** | 4.55* |
育秧方式 Seedling raising way | 插秧机具 Transplanting machine | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 氮转运量 N translocation amount /(kg·hm-2) | 氮转运率 N translocation efficiency /% | 氮贡献率 N contribution rate /% | 穗氮增加量 N increment in panicle /(kg·hm-2) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | ||||||||
营养土育秧(A1) Seedling raising by nutrient soil (A1) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 21.79 d | 39.96 d | 45.37 c | 59.24 b | 18.41 c | 33.75 c | 80.07 c | ||||
C2 | 35.55 a | 52.67 b | 55.83 a | 63.62 ab | 26.68 a | 39.53 a | 89.74 ab | ||||||
C3 | 19.98 d | 41.39 d | 43.97 c | 62.14 b | 16.95 c | 35.11 b | 80.77 c | ||||||
平均 Average | 25.77 | 44.67 | 48.39 | 61.67 | 20.68 | 36.13 | 83.53 | ||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 26.97 c | 46.40 c | 52.74 b | 62.43 b | 20.78 b | 35.74 b | 91.88 a | |||||
C2 | 35.23 a | 55.77 a | 54.25 ab | 65.07 a | 25.79 a | 40.83 a | 92.69 a | ||||||
C3 | 29.53 b | 49.88 b | 53.08 b | 62.59 b | 23.27 b | 39.30 a | 86.67 b | ||||||
平均 Average | 30.58 | 50.68 | 53.36 | 63.36 | 23.28 | 38.63 | 90.41 | ||||||
稀泥育秧(A2) Slime seedling raising(A2) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 17.55 d | 35.49 c | 41.65 c | 56.55 b | 15.34 c | 32.44 c | 74.48 d | ||||
C2 | 29.78 b | 45.31 a | 48.27 b | 60.77 a | 24.61 a | 39.06 a | 78.21 c | ||||||
C3 | 19.30 cd | 36.51 bc | 39.78 c | 60.23 a | 17.59 b | 34.87 b | 77.51 c | ||||||
平均 Average | 22.21 | 39.10 | 43.23 | 59.18 | 19.18 | 35.46 | 76.73 | ||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 13.60 e | 38.06 b | 31.97 d | 56.67 b | 11.38 d | 31.85 c | 87.77 a | |||||
C2 | 33.15 a | 44.01 a | 50.65 a | 57.86 b | 25.93 a | 34.42 b | 89.73 a | ||||||
C3 | 21.45 c | 32.85 d | 42.22 c | 54.11 c | 17.94 b | 27.48 d | 83.06 b | ||||||
平均 Average | 22.73 | 38.31 | 41.61 | 56.21 | 18.42 | 31.25 | 86.85 | ||||||
F值 F value | A | 134.41** | 126.76** | 78.59** | 33.25** | 61.71** | 39.58** | 29.91** | |||||
B | 15.74** | 28.11** | 12.19** | 12.79** | 4.15* | 4.21* | 385.04** | ||||||
C | 31.54** | 5.09* | 5.18* | 188.91** | 4.06* | 19.21** | 485.91** | ||||||
A×B | 33.94** | 5.21* | 24.35** | 0.61 | 34.41** | 0.29 | 0.19 | ||||||
A×C | 17.41** | 10.34** | 7.09* | 72.12** | 10.61** | 2.45 | 1.05 | ||||||
B×C | 13.76** | 2.28 | 16.88** | 11.07** | 20.89** | 9.39** | 138.87** | ||||||
A×B×C | 18.97** | 36.52** | 17.71** | 78.42** | 8.34** | 21.44** | 24.15** |
表7 不同育秧方式下播种量和插秧机具对机插稻结实期氮素转运的影响(2019)
Table 7 Effects of seeding quantity and transplanting machines on N transport during grain filling stage of machine transplanted rice under different seeding ways (2019).
育秧方式 Seedling raising way | 插秧机具 Transplanting machine | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 氮转运量 N translocation amount /(kg·hm-2) | 氮转运率 N translocation efficiency /% | 氮贡献率 N contribution rate /% | 穗氮增加量 N increment in panicle /(kg·hm-2) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | 茎鞘 Stem and sheath | 叶片 Leaf | ||||||||
营养土育秧(A1) Seedling raising by nutrient soil (A1) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 21.79 d | 39.96 d | 45.37 c | 59.24 b | 18.41 c | 33.75 c | 80.07 c | ||||
C2 | 35.55 a | 52.67 b | 55.83 a | 63.62 ab | 26.68 a | 39.53 a | 89.74 ab | ||||||
C3 | 19.98 d | 41.39 d | 43.97 c | 62.14 b | 16.95 c | 35.11 b | 80.77 c | ||||||
平均 Average | 25.77 | 44.67 | 48.39 | 61.67 | 20.68 | 36.13 | 83.53 | ||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 26.97 c | 46.40 c | 52.74 b | 62.43 b | 20.78 b | 35.74 b | 91.88 a | |||||
C2 | 35.23 a | 55.77 a | 54.25 ab | 65.07 a | 25.79 a | 40.83 a | 92.69 a | ||||||
C3 | 29.53 b | 49.88 b | 53.08 b | 62.59 b | 23.27 b | 39.30 a | 86.67 b | ||||||
平均 Average | 30.58 | 50.68 | 53.36 | 63.36 | 23.28 | 38.63 | 90.41 | ||||||
稀泥育秧(A2) Slime seedling raising(A2) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 17.55 d | 35.49 c | 41.65 c | 56.55 b | 15.34 c | 32.44 c | 74.48 d | ||||
C2 | 29.78 b | 45.31 a | 48.27 b | 60.77 a | 24.61 a | 39.06 a | 78.21 c | ||||||
C3 | 19.30 cd | 36.51 bc | 39.78 c | 60.23 a | 17.59 b | 34.87 b | 77.51 c | ||||||
平均 Average | 22.21 | 39.10 | 43.23 | 59.18 | 19.18 | 35.46 | 76.73 | ||||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 13.60 e | 38.06 b | 31.97 d | 56.67 b | 11.38 d | 31.85 c | 87.77 a | |||||
C2 | 33.15 a | 44.01 a | 50.65 a | 57.86 b | 25.93 a | 34.42 b | 89.73 a | ||||||
C3 | 21.45 c | 32.85 d | 42.22 c | 54.11 c | 17.94 b | 27.48 d | 83.06 b | ||||||
平均 Average | 22.73 | 38.31 | 41.61 | 56.21 | 18.42 | 31.25 | 86.85 | ||||||
F值 F value | A | 134.41** | 126.76** | 78.59** | 33.25** | 61.71** | 39.58** | 29.91** | |||||
B | 15.74** | 28.11** | 12.19** | 12.79** | 4.15* | 4.21* | 385.04** | ||||||
C | 31.54** | 5.09* | 5.18* | 188.91** | 4.06* | 19.21** | 485.91** | ||||||
A×B | 33.94** | 5.21* | 24.35** | 0.61 | 34.41** | 0.29 | 0.19 | ||||||
A×C | 17.41** | 10.34** | 7.09* | 72.12** | 10.61** | 2.45 | 1.05 | ||||||
B×C | 13.76** | 2.28 | 16.88** | 11.07** | 20.89** | 9.39** | 138.87** | ||||||
A×B×C | 18.97** | 36.52** | 17.71** | 78.42** | 8.34** | 21.44** | 24.15** |
育秧方式 Seedling raising way | 插秧机具 Transplanter | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 2018 | 2019 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
氮收获 指数 NHI /% | 氮干物质 生产效率 NMPE /(kg·kg-1) | 氮稻谷 生产效率 NGPE /(kg·kg-1) | 氮肥 偏生产力 NPP /(kg·kg-1) | 氮收获 指数 NHI /% | 氮干物质 生产效率 NMPE /(kg·kg-1) | 氮稻谷 生产效率 NGPE /(kg·kg-1) | 氮肥 偏生产力 NPP /(kg·kg-1) | ||||||
营养土育秧 (A1) Seedling raising by nutrient soil (A1) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 69.02 b | 94.29 ab | 60.02 b | 73.21 c | 68.51 b | 98.40 c | 62.32 a | 66.94 d | |||
C2 | 68.28 b | 95.00 ab | 52.43 d | 73.97 bc | 68.35 b | 98.48 c | 56.00 c | 72.22 b | |||||
C3 | 75.72 a | 91.23 b | 62.86 a | 65.93 d | 68.83 b | 98.01 c | 60.63 a | 65.71 d | |||||
平均 Average | 71.01 | 93.51 | 58.44 | 71.04 | 68.56 | 98.30 | 59.65 | 68.29 | |||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 67.62 c | 96.76 a | 56.69 c | 76.62 ab | 72.72 a | 103.08 b | 58.03 bc | 69.06 c | ||||
C2 | 67.44 c | 98.05 a | 49.87 e | 77.87 a | 68.17 b | 110.94 a | 56.57 c | 75.84 a | |||||
C3 | 68.62 b | 97.57 a | 55.70 c | 68.40 d | 69.42 b | 101.14 b | 56.77 c | 68.94 c | |||||
平均 Average | 67.89 | 97.46 | 54.09 | 74.30 | 70.10 | 105.05 | 57.12 | 71.28 | |||||
稀泥育秧(A2) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 69.97 a | 93.18 c | 60.39 a | 69.87 b | 65.41 b | 102.32 b | 58.99 b | 64.95 c | |||
Slime seedling raising(A2) | C2 | 66.99 b | 97.59 a | 55.83 d | 71.29 b | 63.33 c | 103.29 a | 56.38 c | 68.83 b | ||||
C3 | 67.29 b | 94.99 b | 57.67 c | 67.16 c | 63.82 c | 97.63 d | 56.56 c | 61.86 d | |||||
平均 Average | 68.08 | 95.25 | 57.96 | 69.44 | 64.18 | 101.58 | 57.31 | 65.21 | |||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 69.66 a | 94.52 bc | 59.78 ab | 75.22 a | 72.00 a | 103.94 a | 60.18 a | 68.83 b | ||||
C2 | 65.85 c | 97.86 a | 53.78 e | 77.13 a | 65.50 c | 104.72 a | 56.35 c | 73.33 a | |||||
C3 | 67.13 b | 94.35 bc | 59.35 b | 69.67 bc | 65.69 c | 100.36 c | 54.81 d | 60.94 d | |||||
平均 Average | 67.55 | 95.58 | 57.63 | 74.01 | 67.73 | 103.01 | 57.11 | 67.70 | |||||
F值 F value | A | 148.41** | 0.17 | 70.66** | 13.21* | 20.71** | 17.11** | 17.98** | 52.69** | ||||
B | 184.50** | 14.96** | 81.93** | 60.87** | 46.99** | 49.38** | 24.94** | 94.98** | |||||
C | 130.53** | 9.07** | 492.32** | 79.57** | 118.05** | 65.74** | 39.29** | 148.02** | |||||
A×B | 91.96** | 10.57** | 216.90** | 1.70 | 13.62** | 18.02** | 6.01* | 2.96 | |||||
A×C | 193.05** | 2.31 | 49.32** | 14.91* | 29.87** | 6.29* | 4.93* | 29.03** | |||||
B×C | 45.24** | 0.43 | 16.13** | 10.09* | 113.86** | 14.89** | 1.89 | 12.84** | |||||
A×B×C | 68.39** | 2.43 | 24.46** | 11.40* | 9.87** | 13.79** | 5.43* | 14.43** |
表8 不同育秧方式下播种量和插秧机具对机插稻氮素利用的影响
Table 8 Effects of seeding quantity and transplanting machines on N utilization in machine transplanted rice under different seedling raising ways.
育秧方式 Seedling raising way | 插秧机具 Transplanter | 播种量 Seeding quantity | 2018 | 2019 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
氮收获 指数 NHI /% | 氮干物质 生产效率 NMPE /(kg·kg-1) | 氮稻谷 生产效率 NGPE /(kg·kg-1) | 氮肥 偏生产力 NPP /(kg·kg-1) | 氮收获 指数 NHI /% | 氮干物质 生产效率 NMPE /(kg·kg-1) | 氮稻谷 生产效率 NGPE /(kg·kg-1) | 氮肥 偏生产力 NPP /(kg·kg-1) | ||||||
营养土育秧 (A1) Seedling raising by nutrient soil (A1) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 69.02 b | 94.29 ab | 60.02 b | 73.21 c | 68.51 b | 98.40 c | 62.32 a | 66.94 d | |||
C2 | 68.28 b | 95.00 ab | 52.43 d | 73.97 bc | 68.35 b | 98.48 c | 56.00 c | 72.22 b | |||||
C3 | 75.72 a | 91.23 b | 62.86 a | 65.93 d | 68.83 b | 98.01 c | 60.63 a | 65.71 d | |||||
平均 Average | 71.01 | 93.51 | 58.44 | 71.04 | 68.56 | 98.30 | 59.65 | 68.29 | |||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 67.62 c | 96.76 a | 56.69 c | 76.62 ab | 72.72 a | 103.08 b | 58.03 bc | 69.06 c | ||||
C2 | 67.44 c | 98.05 a | 49.87 e | 77.87 a | 68.17 b | 110.94 a | 56.57 c | 75.84 a | |||||
C3 | 68.62 b | 97.57 a | 55.70 c | 68.40 d | 69.42 b | 101.14 b | 56.77 c | 68.94 c | |||||
平均 Average | 67.89 | 97.46 | 54.09 | 74.30 | 70.10 | 105.05 | 57.12 | 71.28 | |||||
稀泥育秧(A2) | 4行机(B1) 4-row transplanter | C1 | 69.97 a | 93.18 c | 60.39 a | 69.87 b | 65.41 b | 102.32 b | 58.99 b | 64.95 c | |||
Slime seedling raising(A2) | C2 | 66.99 b | 97.59 a | 55.83 d | 71.29 b | 63.33 c | 103.29 a | 56.38 c | 68.83 b | ||||
C3 | 67.29 b | 94.99 b | 57.67 c | 67.16 c | 63.82 c | 97.63 d | 56.56 c | 61.86 d | |||||
平均 Average | 68.08 | 95.25 | 57.96 | 69.44 | 64.18 | 101.58 | 57.31 | 65.21 | |||||
6行机(B2) 6-row transplanter | C1 | 69.66 a | 94.52 bc | 59.78 ab | 75.22 a | 72.00 a | 103.94 a | 60.18 a | 68.83 b | ||||
C2 | 65.85 c | 97.86 a | 53.78 e | 77.13 a | 65.50 c | 104.72 a | 56.35 c | 73.33 a | |||||
C3 | 67.13 b | 94.35 bc | 59.35 b | 69.67 bc | 65.69 c | 100.36 c | 54.81 d | 60.94 d | |||||
平均 Average | 67.55 | 95.58 | 57.63 | 74.01 | 67.73 | 103.01 | 57.11 | 67.70 | |||||
F值 F value | A | 148.41** | 0.17 | 70.66** | 13.21* | 20.71** | 17.11** | 17.98** | 52.69** | ||||
B | 184.50** | 14.96** | 81.93** | 60.87** | 46.99** | 49.38** | 24.94** | 94.98** | |||||
C | 130.53** | 9.07** | 492.32** | 79.57** | 118.05** | 65.74** | 39.29** | 148.02** | |||||
A×B | 91.96** | 10.57** | 216.90** | 1.70 | 13.62** | 18.02** | 6.01* | 2.96 | |||||
A×C | 193.05** | 2.31 | 49.32** | 14.91* | 29.87** | 6.29* | 4.93* | 29.03** | |||||
B×C | 45.24** | 0.43 | 16.13** | 10.09* | 113.86** | 14.89** | 1.89 | 12.84** | |||||
A×B×C | 68.39** | 2.43 | 24.46** | 11.40* | 9.87** | 13.79** | 5.43* | 14.43** |
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