中国水稻科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 171-180.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2020.9051
杜志敏, 刘晓琳, 邵丹蕾, 张楠, 王祎玮, 王镜博, 伍晓康, 胡涛, 夏原野, 徐海*()
收稿日期:
2019-04-30
修回日期:
2019-06-16
出版日期:
2020-03-10
发布日期:
2020-03-10
通讯作者:
徐海
基金资助:
Zhimin DU, Xiaolin LIU, Danlei SHAO, Nan ZHANG, Yiwei WANG, Jingbo WANG, Xiaokang WU, Tao HU, Yuanye XIA, Hai XU*()
Received:
2019-04-30
Revised:
2019-06-16
Online:
2020-03-10
Published:
2020-03-10
Contact:
Hai XU
摘要:
【目的】研究氮肥减施后中日粳稻品种杂交构建的重组自交系(RIL)群体株型、产量和米质性状的变化规律及其相互关系。【方法】以中国东北地区典型的直立穗型水稻辽粳5号与日本的优质米水稻秋田小町(弯曲穗型)杂交构建的RIL群体为试材,在高氮和低氮两种施肥模式下,调查株型、产量及米质性状,分析三者间的关系,探讨高产、稳产、高食味值类型株系的共同特征。【结果】氮肥减施后RIL群体齐穗期提前,株高降低,剑叶、倒2叶、倒3叶叶片变窄变短,剑叶基角变小,倒3叶基角变大,结实率、千粒重、经济系数增大,单株穗数减少,产量下降,糙米率和精米率提高,食味值提高。在两种施肥模式下,高产高食味值类型株系与低产低食味类型株系的显著区别是植株较高,叶片长,穗子长,一次枝梗结实率高,着粒密度较小;高产稳产类型株系的共同特征是剑叶较窄、剑叶基角较大;高产稳产高食味值类型株系的共同特征是剑叶和倒2叶较窄。【结论】株型特征可以用来间接选择高产、稳产、高食味值的水稻品种。
中图分类号:
杜志敏, 刘晓琳, 邵丹蕾, 张楠, 王祎玮, 王镜博, 伍晓康, 胡涛, 夏原野, 徐海. 减氮后中日粳稻品种杂交后代株型、产量和米质的变化及其相互关系[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2020, 34(2): 171-180.
Zhimin DU, Xiaolin LIU, Danlei SHAO, Nan ZHANG, Yiwei WANG, Jingbo WANG, Xiaokang WU, Tao HU, Yuanye XIA, Hai XU. Variation of Plant Type, Yield and Quality of Hybrid Progenies of Chinese and Japanese Japonica Rice Varieties Under Nitrogen Reduction Practice and Their Interrelation[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2020, 34(2): 171-180.
施肥模式 Fertilization practice | 基肥 Basal fertilizer (05-15) | 促蘖肥Topdressing for tillering (05-28) | 保蘖肥Fertilizer for tiller growth (06-20) | 穗肥Panicle fertilizer (07-12) | 粒肥Grain fertilizer (08-05) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
尿素Urea | 磷酸二铵DAP | 氯化钾KCl | 尿素Urea | 尿素Urea | 尿素Urea | 氯化钾KCl | 尿素Urea | |||||
高肥HFP | 150 | 150 | 112.5 | 150 | 75 | 90 | 75 | 0 | ||||
低肥LFP | 0 | 150 | 112.5 | 75 | 0 | 45 | 75 | 18 |
表1 高氮、低氮两种施肥模式
Table 1 Two fertilization practices of high nitrogen and low nitrogen levels. kg/hm2
施肥模式 Fertilization practice | 基肥 Basal fertilizer (05-15) | 促蘖肥Topdressing for tillering (05-28) | 保蘖肥Fertilizer for tiller growth (06-20) | 穗肥Panicle fertilizer (07-12) | 粒肥Grain fertilizer (08-05) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
尿素Urea | 磷酸二铵DAP | 氯化钾KCl | 尿素Urea | 尿素Urea | 尿素Urea | 氯化钾KCl | 尿素Urea | |||||
高肥HFP | 150 | 150 | 112.5 | 150 | 75 | 90 | 75 | 0 | ||||
低肥LFP | 0 | 150 | 112.5 | 75 | 0 | 45 | 75 | 18 |
性状 Trait | 低肥区 Low fertilizer pattern | 高肥区 High fertilizer pattern |
---|---|---|
株高Plant height /cm | 113.32** | 121.86 |
颈穗弯曲度Panicle curvature /° | 45.58 | 44.80 |
剑叶基角Flag leaf angle /° | 13.21* | 14.13 |
倒2叶基角TLA2/° | 11.90 | 11.74 |
倒3叶基角TLA3/° | 17.26** | 15.58 |
剑叶长FLL/cm | 29.83 | 29.99 |
剑叶宽FLW/cm | 1.30** | 1.36 |
倒2叶长TSLL2/cm | 37.31** | 38.30 |
倒2叶宽TSLW2/cm | 1.10** | 1.18 |
倒3叶长TSLL3/cm | 38.39** | 41.26 |
倒3叶宽TSLW3/cm | 1.01** | 1.09 |
穗长Panicle length /cm | 20.85 | 20.82 |
一次枝梗数NPRB | 11.34** | 11.72 |
二次枝梗数NSRB | 26.82 | 26.11 |
一次枝梗结实率SSRPRB/% | 96.03** | 94.24 |
二次枝梗结实率SSRSRB/% | 86.76** | 76.99 |
着粒密度Grain density /(粒·dm-1) | 68.55 | 69.52 |
表2 氮肥减施后中日粳稻品种杂交后代株型性状的变化
Table 2 Variation of plant type traits of the RIL population under high and low fertilization patterns.
性状 Trait | 低肥区 Low fertilizer pattern | 高肥区 High fertilizer pattern |
---|---|---|
株高Plant height /cm | 113.32** | 121.86 |
颈穗弯曲度Panicle curvature /° | 45.58 | 44.80 |
剑叶基角Flag leaf angle /° | 13.21* | 14.13 |
倒2叶基角TLA2/° | 11.90 | 11.74 |
倒3叶基角TLA3/° | 17.26** | 15.58 |
剑叶长FLL/cm | 29.83 | 29.99 |
剑叶宽FLW/cm | 1.30** | 1.36 |
倒2叶长TSLL2/cm | 37.31** | 38.30 |
倒2叶宽TSLW2/cm | 1.10** | 1.18 |
倒3叶长TSLL3/cm | 38.39** | 41.26 |
倒3叶宽TSLW3/cm | 1.01** | 1.09 |
穗长Panicle length /cm | 20.85 | 20.82 |
一次枝梗数NPRB | 11.34** | 11.72 |
二次枝梗数NSRB | 26.82 | 26.11 |
一次枝梗结实率SSRPRB/% | 96.03** | 94.24 |
二次枝梗结实率SSRSRB/% | 86.76** | 76.99 |
着粒密度Grain density /(粒·dm-1) | 68.55 | 69.52 |
性状 Trait | 低肥区 Low fertilizer pattern | 高肥区 High fertilizer pattern |
---|---|---|
单株穗数Panicle number per plant | 10.36** | 13.50 |
每穗粒数Grain number per panicle | 139.90 | 142.22 |
结实率Seed setting rate /% | 90.92** | 85.03 |
千粒重Thousand grain weight /g | 25.24** | 24.19 |
经济系数Economic index | 0.58** | 0.54 |
产量Yield /(kg·hm-2) | 7725.45** | 9054.30 |
表3 氮肥减施后中日粳稻品种杂交RIL群体产量性状的变化
Table 3 Variation of yeild traits of the RIL population under high and low fertilization patterns.
性状 Trait | 低肥区 Low fertilizer pattern | 高肥区 High fertilizer pattern |
---|---|---|
单株穗数Panicle number per plant | 10.36** | 13.50 |
每穗粒数Grain number per panicle | 139.90 | 142.22 |
结实率Seed setting rate /% | 90.92** | 85.03 |
千粒重Thousand grain weight /g | 25.24** | 24.19 |
经济系数Economic index | 0.58** | 0.54 |
产量Yield /(kg·hm-2) | 7725.45** | 9054.30 |
性状 Trait | 低肥区 Low fertilizer pattern | 高肥区 High fertilizer pattern |
---|---|---|
糙米率Brown rice rate | 79.12 ** | 78.20 |
精米率Milled rice rate | 70.02* | 69.22 |
整精米率Head rice rate | 64.72 | 63.78 |
垩白粒率Chalky rice rate | 25.76 | 27.34 |
垩白度Chalk degree | 8.90 | 10.34 |
白度值White value | 17.68 | 18.66 |
直链淀粉含量Amylose content | 19.88 | 19.95 |
蛋白质含量Protein content | 7.35 ** | 7.72 |
食味值Taste value | 71.82 ** | 64.76 |
表4 氮肥减施后中日水稻品种杂交RIL群体的米质性状的变化
Table 4 Variation of quality traits of the RIL population under high and low fertilization patterns.
性状 Trait | 低肥区 Low fertilizer pattern | 高肥区 High fertilizer pattern |
---|---|---|
糙米率Brown rice rate | 79.12 ** | 78.20 |
精米率Milled rice rate | 70.02* | 69.22 |
整精米率Head rice rate | 64.72 | 63.78 |
垩白粒率Chalky rice rate | 25.76 | 27.34 |
垩白度Chalk degree | 8.90 | 10.34 |
白度值White value | 17.68 | 18.66 |
直链淀粉含量Amylose content | 19.88 | 19.95 |
蛋白质含量Protein content | 7.35 ** | 7.72 |
食味值Taste value | 71.82 ** | 64.76 |
图2 低肥区辽粳5/秋田小町RIL群体产量和食味值分布
Fig. 2. Distribution of grain yield and taste value of the RIL population derived from Liaojing 5/Akita Komachi in low fertilizer level plot.
图3 高肥区辽粳5/秋田小町RIL群体产量和食味值分布
Fig. 3. Distribution of grain yield and taste value of the RIL population derived from Liaojing 5/Akita Komachi in high fertilizer level plot.
类别 Type | 低产低食味值类型 LYLTV | 低产高食味值类型 LYHTV | 高产低食味值类型 HYLTV | 高产高食味值类型 HYHTV |
---|---|---|---|---|
株高Plant height /cm | 105.89 c | 117.47 a | 111.27 b | 118.58 a |
颈穗弯曲度Panicle curvature /° | 39.38 b | 48.77 a | 46.63 ab | 48.40 a |
剑叶基角Flag leaf angle/° | 11.56 b | 14.17 a | 13.17 ab | 13.86 a |
倒2叶基角TLA2/° | 11.17 a | 12.36 a | 11.83 a | 12.09 a |
倒3叶基角TLA3/° | 16.38 a | 17.94 a | 17.74 a | 16.43 a |
剑叶长FLL/cm | 26.57 b | 31.44 a | 29.77 a | 32.16 a |
剑叶宽FLW/cm | 1.33 a | 1.28 a | 1.31 a | 1.30 a |
倒2叶长TSLL2/cm | 33.98 c | 39.02 ab | 37.05 b | 39.67 a |
倒2叶宽TSLW2/cm | 1.14 a | 1.07 b | 1.12 ab | 1.10 ab |
倒3叶长TSLL3/cm | 35.59 b | 39.84 a | 38.27 b | 40.19 a |
倒3叶宽TSLW3/cm | 1.04 a | 1.00 a | 1.02 a | 0.99 a |
穗长Panicle length/cm | 19.22 b | 21.70 a | 21.10 a | 21.57 a |
一次枝梗数NPRB | 11.11 ab | 11.31 ab | 11.75 a | 11.71 a |
二次枝梗数NSRB | 26.84 a | 26.20 a | 28.43 a | 27.77 a |
一次枝梗结实率SSRPRB/% | 95.77 b | 96.16 ab | 95.43 b | 96.81 a |
二次枝梗结实率SSRSRB/% | 86.21 a | 87.06 a | 86.22 a | 87.59 a |
着粒密度Grain density/(粒·dm-1) | 74.30 a | 63.95 c | 73.34 ab | 67.07 bc |
表5 低肥区不同产量与食味类型株系在株型性状上的差异
Table 5 Differences in plant type traits between plant lines with different yield and taste types at low fertilizer level.
类别 Type | 低产低食味值类型 LYLTV | 低产高食味值类型 LYHTV | 高产低食味值类型 HYLTV | 高产高食味值类型 HYHTV |
---|---|---|---|---|
株高Plant height /cm | 105.89 c | 117.47 a | 111.27 b | 118.58 a |
颈穗弯曲度Panicle curvature /° | 39.38 b | 48.77 a | 46.63 ab | 48.40 a |
剑叶基角Flag leaf angle/° | 11.56 b | 14.17 a | 13.17 ab | 13.86 a |
倒2叶基角TLA2/° | 11.17 a | 12.36 a | 11.83 a | 12.09 a |
倒3叶基角TLA3/° | 16.38 a | 17.94 a | 17.74 a | 16.43 a |
剑叶长FLL/cm | 26.57 b | 31.44 a | 29.77 a | 32.16 a |
剑叶宽FLW/cm | 1.33 a | 1.28 a | 1.31 a | 1.30 a |
倒2叶长TSLL2/cm | 33.98 c | 39.02 ab | 37.05 b | 39.67 a |
倒2叶宽TSLW2/cm | 1.14 a | 1.07 b | 1.12 ab | 1.10 ab |
倒3叶长TSLL3/cm | 35.59 b | 39.84 a | 38.27 b | 40.19 a |
倒3叶宽TSLW3/cm | 1.04 a | 1.00 a | 1.02 a | 0.99 a |
穗长Panicle length/cm | 19.22 b | 21.70 a | 21.10 a | 21.57 a |
一次枝梗数NPRB | 11.11 ab | 11.31 ab | 11.75 a | 11.71 a |
二次枝梗数NSRB | 26.84 a | 26.20 a | 28.43 a | 27.77 a |
一次枝梗结实率SSRPRB/% | 95.77 b | 96.16 ab | 95.43 b | 96.81 a |
二次枝梗结实率SSRSRB/% | 86.21 a | 87.06 a | 86.22 a | 87.59 a |
着粒密度Grain density/(粒·dm-1) | 74.30 a | 63.95 c | 73.34 ab | 67.07 bc |
类别 Type | 低产低食味值类型 LYLTV | 低产高食味值类型 LYHTV | 高产低食味值类型 HYLTV | 高产高食味值类型 HYHTV |
---|---|---|---|---|
株高Plant height /cm | 115.29 b | 121.63 a | 124.40 a | 127.44 a |
颈穗弯曲度Panicle curvature/° | 43.46 ab | 46.68 ab | 41.82 b | 49.86 a |
剑叶基角Flag leaf angle/° | 13.77 ab | 12.95 b | 14.32 ab | 15.54 a |
倒2叶基角TLA2/° | 11.29 a | 10.94 b | 12.44 a | 12.03 a |
倒3叶基角TLA3/° | 14.49 b | 15.49 a | 16.13 a | 16.33 a |
剑叶长FLL/cm | 27.50 b | 31.90 a | 29.39 b | 32.72 a |
剑叶宽FLW/cm | 1.38 a | 1.32 b | 1.39 a | 1.31 b |
倒2叶长TSLL2/cm | 35.76 b | 40.21 a | 37.75 a | 41.03 a |
倒2叶宽TSLW2/cm | 1.21 a | 1.13 b | 1.20 a | 1.12 b |
倒3叶长TSLL3/cm | 38.83 b | 41.61 a | 41.84 a | 43.52 a |
倒3叶宽TSLW3/cm | 1.12 a | 1.06 ab | 1.11 a | 1.03 b |
穗长Panicle length /cm | 19.58 c | 21.52 ab | 20.77 b | 22.02 a |
一次枝梗数NPRB | 11.30 c | 11.56 bc | 12.11 a | 11.83 ab |
二次枝梗数NSRB | 25.22 b | 25.74 b | 27.63 a | 25.25 b |
一次枝梗结实率SSRPRB/% | 92.77 b | 94.61 a | 94.54 a | 95.52 a |
二次枝梗结实率SSRSRB/% | 72.68 c | 78.00 ab | 76.82 bc | 82.59 a |
着粒密Grain density/(粒·dm-1) | 71.68 a | 65.08 b | 73.76 a | 63.72 b |
表6 高肥区不同产量与食味类型株系在株型性状上的差异
Table 6 Differences in plant type traits between plant lines with different yield and taste types at high fertilizer level.
类别 Type | 低产低食味值类型 LYLTV | 低产高食味值类型 LYHTV | 高产低食味值类型 HYLTV | 高产高食味值类型 HYHTV |
---|---|---|---|---|
株高Plant height /cm | 115.29 b | 121.63 a | 124.40 a | 127.44 a |
颈穗弯曲度Panicle curvature/° | 43.46 ab | 46.68 ab | 41.82 b | 49.86 a |
剑叶基角Flag leaf angle/° | 13.77 ab | 12.95 b | 14.32 ab | 15.54 a |
倒2叶基角TLA2/° | 11.29 a | 10.94 b | 12.44 a | 12.03 a |
倒3叶基角TLA3/° | 14.49 b | 15.49 a | 16.13 a | 16.33 a |
剑叶长FLL/cm | 27.50 b | 31.90 a | 29.39 b | 32.72 a |
剑叶宽FLW/cm | 1.38 a | 1.32 b | 1.39 a | 1.31 b |
倒2叶长TSLL2/cm | 35.76 b | 40.21 a | 37.75 a | 41.03 a |
倒2叶宽TSLW2/cm | 1.21 a | 1.13 b | 1.20 a | 1.12 b |
倒3叶长TSLL3/cm | 38.83 b | 41.61 a | 41.84 a | 43.52 a |
倒3叶宽TSLW3/cm | 1.12 a | 1.06 ab | 1.11 a | 1.03 b |
穗长Panicle length /cm | 19.58 c | 21.52 ab | 20.77 b | 22.02 a |
一次枝梗数NPRB | 11.30 c | 11.56 bc | 12.11 a | 11.83 ab |
二次枝梗数NSRB | 25.22 b | 25.74 b | 27.63 a | 25.25 b |
一次枝梗结实率SSRPRB/% | 92.77 b | 94.61 a | 94.54 a | 95.52 a |
二次枝梗结实率SSRSRB/% | 72.68 c | 78.00 ab | 76.82 bc | 82.59 a |
着粒密Grain density/(粒·dm-1) | 71.68 a | 65.08 b | 73.76 a | 63.72 b |
图4 氮肥减施后辽粳5/秋田小町RIL群体产量变动百分比的次数分布
Fig. 4. Percentage change in yield of the RIL population derived from the cross between Liaojing 5 and Akita Komachi after reducing fertilizer.
类型 Trait | 高产稳产 HYSY | 高产不稳产 HYIY | 低产稳产 LYSY | 低产不稳产 LYIY |
---|---|---|---|---|
穗长Panicle length/cm | 21.51 a | 21.21 a | 20.86 a | 20.18 a |
一次枝梗数NPB | 12.16 a | 11.99 ab | 11.40 b | 11.41 b |
二次枝梗数NSB | 26.04 a | 26.81 a | 24.99 a | 25.59 a |
一次枝梗结实率FRPB/% | 94.56 a | 94.95 a | 93.35 a | 93.58 a |
二次枝梗结实率FRSB/% | 74.30 a | 79.48 a | 74.47 a | 74.98 a |
着粒密度Grain density/(粒∙dm-1) | 68.47 a | 70.16 a | 66.58 a | 69.90 a |
株高Plant height /cm | 121.32 ab | 125.99 a | 118.86 ab | 117.50 b |
颈穗弯曲度Panicle curvature/° | 41.92 a | 45.14 a | 46.82 a | 44.01 a |
剑叶基角Flag leaf angle/° | 17.86 a | 14.45 b | 11.96 b | 13.98 b |
倒2叶基角TLA2/° | 13.42 a | 12.17 a | 10.09 b | 11.54 ab |
倒3叶基角TLA3/° | 18.09 a | 16.00 ab | 14.55 b | 15.03 b |
剑叶长FLL/cm | 30.62 a | 30.64 a | 29.31 a | 29.28 a |
剑叶宽FLW/cm | 1.21 b | 1.38 a | 1.32 a | 1.36 a |
倒2叶长TSLL2/cm | 38.40 a | 39.04 a | 38.01 a | 37.40 a |
倒2叶宽TSLW2/cm | 1.10 b | 1.18 ab | 1.16 ab | 1.19 a |
倒3叶长TSLL3/cm | 40.30 a | 42.70 a | 40.27 a | 39.84 a |
倒3叶宽TSLW3/cm | 1.01 a | 1.09 a | 1.06 a | 1.10 a |
表7 产量及其稳定性类型株系的株型特征
Table 7 Plant type traits of high-yield and stable-yield lines.
类型 Trait | 高产稳产 HYSY | 高产不稳产 HYIY | 低产稳产 LYSY | 低产不稳产 LYIY |
---|---|---|---|---|
穗长Panicle length/cm | 21.51 a | 21.21 a | 20.86 a | 20.18 a |
一次枝梗数NPB | 12.16 a | 11.99 ab | 11.40 b | 11.41 b |
二次枝梗数NSB | 26.04 a | 26.81 a | 24.99 a | 25.59 a |
一次枝梗结实率FRPB/% | 94.56 a | 94.95 a | 93.35 a | 93.58 a |
二次枝梗结实率FRSB/% | 74.30 a | 79.48 a | 74.47 a | 74.98 a |
着粒密度Grain density/(粒∙dm-1) | 68.47 a | 70.16 a | 66.58 a | 69.90 a |
株高Plant height /cm | 121.32 ab | 125.99 a | 118.86 ab | 117.50 b |
颈穗弯曲度Panicle curvature/° | 41.92 a | 45.14 a | 46.82 a | 44.01 a |
剑叶基角Flag leaf angle/° | 17.86 a | 14.45 b | 11.96 b | 13.98 b |
倒2叶基角TLA2/° | 13.42 a | 12.17 a | 10.09 b | 11.54 ab |
倒3叶基角TLA3/° | 18.09 a | 16.00 ab | 14.55 b | 15.03 b |
剑叶长FLL/cm | 30.62 a | 30.64 a | 29.31 a | 29.28 a |
剑叶宽FLW/cm | 1.21 b | 1.38 a | 1.32 a | 1.36 a |
倒2叶长TSLL2/cm | 38.40 a | 39.04 a | 38.01 a | 37.40 a |
倒2叶宽TSLW2/cm | 1.10 b | 1.18 ab | 1.16 ab | 1.19 a |
倒3叶长TSLL3/cm | 40.30 a | 42.70 a | 40.27 a | 39.84 a |
倒3叶宽TSLW3/cm | 1.01 a | 1.09 a | 1.06 a | 1.10 a |
类型 Type | 高产稳产 高食味值HSYHTV | 高产稳产 低食味值HSYLTV | 高产不稳产 高食味值HUYHTV | 高产不稳产 低食味值HUYLTV | 低产稳产 高食味值LSYHTV | 低产稳产 低食味值LSYLTV | 低产不稳产 高食味值LUYHTV | 低产不稳产低食味值LUYLTV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
穗长Panicle length/cm | 22.22 a | 21.20 abc | 21.99 ab | 20.70 abc | 21.83 ab | 19.30 c | 21.30 abc | 19.63 bc |
一次枝梗数NPRB | 11.73 ab | 12.34 a | 11.85 ab | 12.08 ab | 11.56 ab | 11.14 b | 11.56 ab | 11.34 ab |
二次枝梗数NSRB | 22.93 b | 27.37 ab | 25.32 ab | 27.79 a | 25.50 ab | 24.18 ab | 25.91 ab | 25.44 ab |
一次枝梗结实率SSRPRB/% | 95.80 a | 94.03 a | 95.46 a | 94.61 a | 93.19 a | 93.62 a | 95.60 a | 92.59 a |
二次枝梗结实率SSRSRB/% | 77.41 a | 72.97 a | 82.44 a | 77.56 a | 74.92 a | 73.74 a | 80.14 a | 72.46 a |
着粒密度Grain density/(粒·dm-1) | 58.45 b | 72.77 a | 64.03 ab | 74.14 a | 64.20 ab | 70.39 ab | 65.70 ab | 71.96 a |
株高Plant height /cm | 129.53 a | 117.80 ab | 127.47 ab | 125.03 ab | 120.76 ab | 115.82 b | 122.23 ab | 115.18 b |
颈穗弯曲度Panicle curvature/° | 54.63 a | 36.47 b | 49.49 ab | 42.32 ab | 47.25 ab | 46.12 ab | 46.28 ab | 42.90 ab |
剑叶基角Flag leaf angle/° | 19.70 a | 17.07 ab | 15.48 b | 13.78 bc | 11.04 c | 13.42 bc | 14.27 bc | 13.84 bc |
倒2叶基角TSLA/° | 13.10 a | 13.56 a | 11.94 ab | 12.32 ab | 9.42 b | 11.17 ab | 12.00 ab | 11.31 ab |
倒3叶基角TTLA/° | 16.90 ab | 18.60 a | 16.16 ab | 15.91 ab | 15.29 ab | 13.38 b | 15.63 ab | 14.73 ab |
剑叶长FLL/cm | 35.12 a | 28.68 bc | 32.60 ab | 29.37 bc | 31.38 abc | 25.99 c | 32.25 ab | 27.82 bc |
剑叶宽FLW/cm | 1.10 c | 1.25 b | 1.32 ab | 1.41 a | 1.32 ab | 1.32 ab | 1.32 ab | 1.39 ab |
倒2叶长TSLL2/cm | 43.65 a | 36.16 ab | 40.80 bc | 37.90 bc | 39.95 abc | 34.92 c | 40.39 abc | 35.93 bc |
倒2叶宽TSLW2/cm | 0.99 b | 1.15 a | 1.13 a | 1.21 a | 1.14 a | 1.19 a | 1.13 a | 1.22 a |
倒3叶长TSLL3/cm | 44.99 a | 38.30 b | 43.40 ab | 42.24 ab | 41.22 ab | 38.75 b | 41.88 ab | 38.84 b |
倒3叶宽TSLW3/cm | 0.93 b | 1.05 ab | 1.04 ab | 1.12 a | 1.05 ab | 1.09 a | 1.07 ab | 1.12 a |
表8 不同产量、食味值及产量稳定性类型株系的株型性状差异
Table 8 Characters of plant type of lines with high and stable yield and high taste value.
类型 Type | 高产稳产 高食味值HSYHTV | 高产稳产 低食味值HSYLTV | 高产不稳产 高食味值HUYHTV | 高产不稳产 低食味值HUYLTV | 低产稳产 高食味值LSYHTV | 低产稳产 低食味值LSYLTV | 低产不稳产 高食味值LUYHTV | 低产不稳产低食味值LUYLTV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
穗长Panicle length/cm | 22.22 a | 21.20 abc | 21.99 ab | 20.70 abc | 21.83 ab | 19.30 c | 21.30 abc | 19.63 bc |
一次枝梗数NPRB | 11.73 ab | 12.34 a | 11.85 ab | 12.08 ab | 11.56 ab | 11.14 b | 11.56 ab | 11.34 ab |
二次枝梗数NSRB | 22.93 b | 27.37 ab | 25.32 ab | 27.79 a | 25.50 ab | 24.18 ab | 25.91 ab | 25.44 ab |
一次枝梗结实率SSRPRB/% | 95.80 a | 94.03 a | 95.46 a | 94.61 a | 93.19 a | 93.62 a | 95.60 a | 92.59 a |
二次枝梗结实率SSRSRB/% | 77.41 a | 72.97 a | 82.44 a | 77.56 a | 74.92 a | 73.74 a | 80.14 a | 72.46 a |
着粒密度Grain density/(粒·dm-1) | 58.45 b | 72.77 a | 64.03 ab | 74.14 a | 64.20 ab | 70.39 ab | 65.70 ab | 71.96 a |
株高Plant height /cm | 129.53 a | 117.80 ab | 127.47 ab | 125.03 ab | 120.76 ab | 115.82 b | 122.23 ab | 115.18 b |
颈穗弯曲度Panicle curvature/° | 54.63 a | 36.47 b | 49.49 ab | 42.32 ab | 47.25 ab | 46.12 ab | 46.28 ab | 42.90 ab |
剑叶基角Flag leaf angle/° | 19.70 a | 17.07 ab | 15.48 b | 13.78 bc | 11.04 c | 13.42 bc | 14.27 bc | 13.84 bc |
倒2叶基角TSLA/° | 13.10 a | 13.56 a | 11.94 ab | 12.32 ab | 9.42 b | 11.17 ab | 12.00 ab | 11.31 ab |
倒3叶基角TTLA/° | 16.90 ab | 18.60 a | 16.16 ab | 15.91 ab | 15.29 ab | 13.38 b | 15.63 ab | 14.73 ab |
剑叶长FLL/cm | 35.12 a | 28.68 bc | 32.60 ab | 29.37 bc | 31.38 abc | 25.99 c | 32.25 ab | 27.82 bc |
剑叶宽FLW/cm | 1.10 c | 1.25 b | 1.32 ab | 1.41 a | 1.32 ab | 1.32 ab | 1.32 ab | 1.39 ab |
倒2叶长TSLL2/cm | 43.65 a | 36.16 ab | 40.80 bc | 37.90 bc | 39.95 abc | 34.92 c | 40.39 abc | 35.93 bc |
倒2叶宽TSLW2/cm | 0.99 b | 1.15 a | 1.13 a | 1.21 a | 1.14 a | 1.19 a | 1.13 a | 1.22 a |
倒3叶长TSLL3/cm | 44.99 a | 38.30 b | 43.40 ab | 42.24 ab | 41.22 ab | 38.75 b | 41.88 ab | 38.84 b |
倒3叶宽TSLW3/cm | 0.93 b | 1.05 ab | 1.04 ab | 1.12 a | 1.05 ab | 1.09 a | 1.07 ab | 1.12 a |
[1] | 张维理, 徐爱国, 冀宏杰, Kolbe H.中国农业面源污染形势估计及控制对策: Ⅲ.中国农业面源污染控制中存在问题分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2004, 37(7): 1026-1033. |
Zhang W L, Xu A G, Ji H J, Kolbe H.Estimation of agricultural non-point source pollution in China and the alleviating strategies: Ⅲ. A review of policies and practices for agricultural non-point source pollution control in China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2004, 37(7):1026-1033. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[2] | 张洪程, 马群, 杨雄, 李敏, 葛梦婕, 李国业, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 高辉, 刘艳阳. 水稻品种氮肥群体最高生产力及其增长规律[J]. 作物学报, 2012, 38(1): 86-98. |
Zhang H C, Ma Q Y, Xiong, L M, Ge M J, Li G Y, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y, Gao H, and Liu Y Y. The highest population productivity of nitrogen fertilization and its variation rules in rice cultivars[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2012, 38(1): 86-98. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[3] | 霍中洋, 顾海永, 马群, 杨雄, 李敏, 李国业, 戴其根, 许轲, 魏海燕, 高辉, 芦燕, 张洪程. 不同氮肥群体最高生产力水稻品种的氮素吸收利用差异[J]. 作物学报, 2012, 38(11): 2061-2068. |
Huo Z Y, Gu H Y, Ma Q, Yang X, Li M, Li G Y, Dai Q G, Xu K,Wei H Y, Gao H, Lu Y,Zhang H C.Differences of nitrogen absorption and utilization in rice varieties with different productivity levels[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2012, 38(11): 2061-2068. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[4] | 张庆, 殷春渊, 张洪程, 魏海燕, 马群, 杭杰, 李敏, 李国业. 水稻氮高产高效与低产低效两类品种株型特征差异研究[J]. 作物学报, 2010, 36(6): 1011-1021. |
Zhang Q, Yin C Y, Zhang H C, Wei H Y, Ma Q, Hang J, Li M,Li G Y.Differences of plant-type characteristics between rice cultivars with high and low levels in yield and nitrogen use efficiency[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2010, 36(6): 1011-1021. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[5] | 王伟妮, 鲁剑巍, 何予卿等. 氮、磷、钾肥对水稻产量、品质及养分吸收利用的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2011, 25(6): 645-653. |
Wang W N, Luj W, He Y Q, Li X K, Li H.Effects of N, P, K fertilizer application on grain yield, quality, nutrient uptake and utilization of rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2011, 25(6): 645-653. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[6] | 孙永健, 孙园园, 严奉君, 杨志远, 徐徽, 李玥, 王海月, 马均. 氮肥后移对不同氮效率水稻花后碳氮代谢的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2017, 43(3): 407-419. |
Sun Y J, Sun Y Y, Yan F J, Yang Z Y, Xu H, Li Y, Wang H Y,Ma J.Effects of postponing nitrogen topdressing on post-anthesis carbon and nitrogen metabolism in rice cultivars with different nitrogen use efficiencies[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2017, 43(3): 407-419. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[7] | 袁隆平. 选育超高产杂交水稻的进一步设想[J]. 杂交水稻, 2012, 27(6): 1-2. |
Yuan L P.Conceiving of breeding further super-high- yield hybrid rice[J]. Hybrid Rice, 2012, 27(6): 1-2. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[8] | 陈温福, 徐正进, 张龙步, 张文忠, 马殿荣. 北方粳型稻超高产育种理论与实践[J]. 中国农业科学, 2007(5): 869-874. |
Chen W F, Xu Z J, Zhang L B, Zhang W Z, Ma D R.Theories and practices of breeding japonica rice for super high yield[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica. 2007(5): 869-874. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[9] | 程式华, 翟虎渠. 水稻亚种间超高产杂交组合若干株型因子的比较[J]. 作物学报, 2000, 26(6): 713-718. |
Cheng S H, Zhai H Q.Comparison of some plant type components in super high-yielding hybrids of inter- subspecies rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2000, 26(6): 713-718. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[10] | 周开达, 马玉清, 刘太清, 沈茂松. 杂交水稻亚种间重穗型组合选育-杂交水稻超高产育种的理论与实践[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 1995,13(4): 403-407. |
Zhou K D, Ma Y Q, Liu T Q, Shen M S.The breeding of subspecific heavy ear hybrid rice-exploration about super-high yield breeding of hybrid rice[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 1995, 13(4):403-407. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[11] | 苏柏元, 朱德峰. 超级稻甬优12 机插单产1000 kg/667m2的产量结构与配套栽培技术[J]. 中国稻米, 2013, 19(4): 97-100. |
Su B Y, Zhu D F.The yield components and cultivation technology of Yongyou 12 yielding over 1000 kg per 667 m2 through mechanical transplanting[J]. China Rice, 2013, 19(4): 97-100. (in Chinese) | |
[12] | 颜振德. 杂交水稻高产群体的干物质生产与分配的研究[J]. 作物学报, 1981, 7(1): 11-18. |
Yan Z D.Studies on the production and distribution of dry matter in high-yielding populations of hybrid rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 1981, 7(1): 11-18. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[13] | 蒋彭炎, 冯来定, 姚长溪. 从水稻稀少平栽培法的高产效应看栽培技术与株型的关系[J]. 中国水稻科学, 1987, 1(2): 111-117. |
Jiang P Y, Feng L D, Yao C X.The effect of cultivation techniques on plant type in view of the high yield result induced by TFS cultivation method in paddy rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 1987, 1(2): 111-117. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[14] | 凌启鸿, 苏祖芳, 张海泉. 水稻成穗率与群体质量的关系及其影响因素的研究[J]. 作物学报, 1995, 21(4): 463-469. |
Ling Q H, Su Z F, Zhang H Q.Relationship between earbearing tiller percentage and population quality and its influential factors in rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 1995, 21(4): 463-469. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[15] | 凌启鸿, 张洪程, 蔡建中, 苏祖芳, 凌励. 水稻高产群体质量及其优化控制探讨[J]. 中国农业科学, 1993, 26(6): 1-11. |
Ling Q H, Zhang H C, Cai J Z, Su Z F, Ling L.Investigation on the population quality of high yield and its optimizing control programme in rice[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1993, 26(6): 1-11. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[16] | 朱德峰, 张玉屏, 陈惠哲, 向镜, 张义凯. 中国水稻高产栽培技术创新与实践[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(17): 3404-3414. |
Zhu D F, Zhang Y P, Chen H Z, Xiang J, Zhang Y K.Innovation and practice of high-yield rice cultivation technology in china[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(17): 3404-3414. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[17] | Peng S B, Tang Q Y, Zou Y B.Current status and challenges of rice production in China.Plant Production Science, 2009, 12(1): 3-8. |
[18] | 楠谷彰人, 崔晶. 日本水稻生产的发展和新课题[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2012, 19(2): 40-44. |
Akihito Kwutani, Cui J.Development and new researches on rice production in Japan[J]. Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University, 2012, 19(2): 40-44. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[19] | 徐正进, 陈温福, 张龙步, 杨守仁等. 水稻不同穗型群体冠层光分布的比较研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 1990, 23(4): 10-16. |
Xu Z J, Chen W F, Zhang L B, Yang S R.Comparative study on light distribution in rice canopies with different panicle types[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1990, 23(4): 10-16. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[20] | 李廷亮, 谢英荷, 洪坚平, 冯倩, 孙丞鸿, 王志伟. 施氮量对晋南旱地冬小麦光合特性、产量及氮素利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2013, 39(4): 704-711. |
Li T L, Xie Y H, Hong J P, Feng Q, Sun C H,Wang Z W.Effects of nitrogen application rate on photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and nitrogen utilization in rainfed winter Wheat in Southern Shanxi[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2013, 39(4): 704-711. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[21] | 武文明, 陈洪俭, 李金才, 魏凤珍, 王世济, 周向红. 氮肥运筹对孕穗期受渍冬小麦旗叶叶绿素荧光与籽粒灌浆特性的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2012, 38(6): 1088-1096. |
Wu W M, Chen H J, Li J C, Wei F Z, Wang S J,Zhou X H.Effects of nitrogen fertilization on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of flag leaf and grain filling in winter wheat suffered waterlogging at booting stage[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica , 2012, 38(6): 1088-1096. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[22] | Fan T L, Xu M G, Zhou G Y, Ding L P.Trends in grain yields and soil organic carbon in a long-term fertilization experiment in the China Loess Plateau.American- Eurasian Journal of Agricultural Environmental Science, 2007, 2: 600-610. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[23] | Singh U,. Ladha J.K,. Castillo E. G,. Punzalan G,. Tirol- Padre A,. Duqueza M. Genotypic variation in nitrogen use efficiency in medium and long-duration rice.Field Crops Research, 1998, 58: 35-53. |
[24] | 江立庚, 曹卫星. 水稻高效利用氮素的生理机制及有效途径[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(3) : 261-264. |
Jiang L G, Cao W X.Physiological mechanism and approaches for efficient nitrogen utilization in rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2002, 16(3): 261-264. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[25] | 剧成欣, 陶进, 钱希旸, 顾骏飞, 赵步洪, 杨凯鹏, 王志琴, 杨建昌. 不同年代中籼水稻品种的产量与氮肥利用效率[J]. 作物学报, 2015, 41(3): 422-431. |
Ju C X, Tao J, Qian X Y, Gu J F, Zhao B H, Yang K P, Wang Z Q, And Yang J C. Grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of mid-season indica rice cultivars applied at different decades[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2015, 41(3): 422-431. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[26] | 张忠臣, 刘海英, 高红秀, 王露露, 徐振华, 曲莹, 孙静, 金正勋. 施肥量和穴内插秧密度对寒地粳稻产量和品质性状的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2012, 3(22): 99-104 |
Zhang Z C, Liu H Y, Gao H X, Wang L L, Xu Z H, Qu Y, Sun J, Jin Z X.Effects of seedlings number per hill and fertilizer application on grain yield and quality of japonica rice in cold region[J]. Crops, 2012, 3(22): 99-104. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[27] | 徐海, 宫彦龙, 夏原野, 闫志强, 王华杰, 唐亮, 徐正进. 中日水稻品种杂交后代株型性状的变化及其相互关系[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2015, 29(4): 363-372 |
Xu H, Gong Y L, Xia Y Y, Yan Z Q, Wang H J, Tang L, Xu Z J.Variations in plant type traits and their relationship of progeny derived from the cross between Chinese rice variety and Japanese rice variety[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2015, 29(4): 363-372. (in Chinese with English abstract) | |
[28] | 徐海, 宫彦龙, 夏原野, 杜志敏, 闫志强, 王华杰, 陈温福, 徐正进. 中日水稻品种杂交后代的株型性状与产量和品质的关系[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2016, 30(3): 283-290. |
Xu H, Gong Y L, Xia Y Y, Du Z M,Yan Z Q, Wang H J, Chen W F, Xu Z J.Relation of plant type traits with yield and quality in the RIL population derived from cross between Chinese rice variety and Japanese rice variety[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2016, 30(3): 283-290. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[1] | 黄亚茹, 徐鹏, 王乐乐, 贺一哲, 王辉, 柯健, 何海兵, 武立权, 尤翠翠. 外源海藻糖对粳稻品系W1844籽粒灌浆特性及产量形成的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(4): 379-391. |
[2] | 高欠清, 任孝俭, 翟中兵, 郑普兵, 吴源芬, 崔克辉. 头季穗肥和促芽肥对再生稻再生芽生长及产量形成的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(4): 405-414. |
[3] | 王文婷, 马佳颖, 李光彦, 符卫蒙, 李沪波, 林洁, 陈婷婷, 奉保华, 陶龙兴, 符冠富, 秦叶波. 高温下不同施肥量对水稻产量品质形成的影响及其与能量代谢的关系分析[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(3): 253-264. |
[4] | 杨晓龙, 王彪, 汪本福, 张枝盛, 张作林, 杨蓝天, 程建平, 李阳. 不同水分管理方式对旱直播水稻产量和稻米品质的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(3): 285-294. |
[5] | 魏晓东, 宋雪梅, 赵凌, 赵庆勇, 陈涛, 路凯, 朱镇, 黄胜东, 王才林, 张亚东. 硅锌肥及其施用方式对南粳46产量和稻米品质的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(3): 295-306. |
[6] | 林聃, 江敏, 苗波, 郭萌, 石春林. 水稻高温热害模型研究及其在福建省的应用[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(3): 307-320. |
[7] | 姚姝, 赵春芳, 陈涛, 路凯, 周丽慧, 赵凌, 朱镇, 赵庆勇, 梁文化, 赫磊, 王才林, 张亚东. 低谷蛋白半糯型粳稻营养品质与蒸煮食味品质特征分析[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(2): 178-188. |
[8] | 裴峰, 王广达, 高鹏, 冯志明, 胡珂鸣, 陈宗祥, 陈红旗, 崔傲, 左示敏. 敲除OsNramp5基因创制低镉优质粳稻新材料的应用评价[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(1): 16-28. |
[9] | 陈涛, 赵庆勇, 朱镇, 赵凌, 姚姝, 周丽慧, 赵春芳, 张亚东, 王才林. 利用分子标记辅助选择培育优良食味、低谷蛋白香粳稻新品系[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(1): 55-65. |
[10] | 张露, 梁青铎, 吴龙龙, 黄晶, 田仓, 张均华, 曹小闯, 朱春权, 孔亚丽, 金千瑜, 朱练峰. 减氮和增氧灌溉对水稻产量和氮素利用的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(1): 78-88. |
[11] | 王颖姮, 陈丽娟, 崔丽丽, 詹生威, 宋煜, 陈世安, 解振兴, 姜照伟, 吴方喜, 卓传营, 蔡秋华, 谢华安, 张建福. 施氮量对优质稻“福香占”光合特性、产量及品质的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(1): 89-101. |
[12] | 任维晨, 常庆霞, 张亚军, 朱宽宇, 王志琴, 杨建昌. 不同氮利用率粳稻品种的碳氮积累与转运特征及其生理机制[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(6): 586-600. |
[13] | 史玉良, 杨勇, 李雪飞, 李钱峰, 黄李春, 张昌泉, 宋学堂, 刘巧泉. 不同直链淀粉含量软米品种品质性状的比较[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(6): 601-610. |
[14] | 陆丹丹, 雍明玲, 陶钰, 叶苗, 张祖建. 优良食味水稻品种籽粒蛋白质积累特征及其对氮素水平的响应[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(5): 520-530. |
[15] | 王敏羽, 戴志刚, 余德芳, 王向平, 关绍华, 邵远刚, 张家学, 李小坤. “水稻-再生稻”种植模式专用肥轻简施用对产量、肥料利用率及经济效益的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(5): 531-542. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||