Chinese Journal OF Rice Science ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 269-277.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2022.210309
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CHEN Yun1,2, LIU Kun1, LI Tingting1, LI Siyu1, LI Guoming2, ZHANG Weiyang1, ZHANG Hao1, GU Junfei1, LIU Lijun1,*(), YANG Jianchang1
Received:
2021-03-19
Revised:
2021-06-01
Online:
2022-05-10
Published:
2022-05-11
Contact:
LIU Lijun
陈云1,2, 刘昆1, 李婷婷1, 李思宇1, 李国明2, 张伟杨1, 张耗1, 顾骏飞1, 刘立军1,*(), 杨建昌1
通讯作者:
刘立军
基金资助:
CHEN Yun, LIU Kun, LI Tingting, LI Siyu, LI Guoming, ZHANG Weiyang, ZHANG Hao, GU Junfei, LIU Lijun, YANG Jianchang. Effects of Alternate Wetting and Moderate Soil Drying Irrigation on Root Traits, Grain Yield and Soil Properties in Rice[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2022, 36(3): 269-277.
陈云, 刘昆, 李婷婷, 李思宇, 李国明, 张伟杨, 张耗, 顾骏飞, 刘立军, 杨建昌. 结实期干湿交替灌溉对水稻根系、产量和土壤的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(3): 269-277.
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URL: http://www.ricesci.cn/EN/10.16819/j.1001-7216.2022.210309
来源 Source of variation | 自由度 df | 产量 Grain yield | 根系干质量 Root dry weight | 根系氧化力 Root oxidation activity | 土壤硝态氮含量 Soil nitrate nitrogen content | 土壤脲酶活性 Soil urease activity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年份 Year (Y) | 1 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
处理 Treatment (T) | 1 | 5.2* | 4.9* | 54.4** | 14.8** | 9.8** |
年份×处理 Y×T | 1 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Table 1. Analysis of variance of F-values of grain yield and main root and soil traits.
来源 Source of variation | 自由度 df | 产量 Grain yield | 根系干质量 Root dry weight | 根系氧化力 Root oxidation activity | 土壤硝态氮含量 Soil nitrate nitrogen content | 土壤脲酶活性 Soil urease activity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年份 Year (Y) | 1 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
处理 Treatment (T) | 1 | 5.2* | 4.9* | 54.4** | 14.8** | 9.8** |
年份×处理 Y×T | 1 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
品种 Cultivar | 处理 Treatment | 总颖花量 Total spikelets per pot | 结实率 Seed-setting rate/% | 千粒重 1000-grain weight/g | 产量 Grain yield/(g·pot-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
扬稻6号YD6 | CI | 3450.9 a | 89.1 b | 29.5 b | 90.8 b |
WMD | 3541.3 a | 92.2 a | 30.1 a | 98.2 a | |
南粳9108 NJ9108 | CI | 4189.4 a | 87.3 b | 24.1 a | 88.0 b |
WMD | 4228.8 a | 90.9 a | 24.6 a | 94.6 a | |
扬两优6号YLY6 | CI | 4018.2 a | 87.4 b | 28.7 a | 100.8 b |
WMD | 4156.6 a | 90.7 a | 29.2 a | 110.0 a | |
常优5号CY5 | CI | 4326.8 a | 86.3 b | 24.8 a | 92.4 b |
WMD | 4416.7 a | 89.6 a | 25.3 a | 100.0 a | |
甬优2640 YY2640 | CI | 5468.3 a | 80.9 b | 23.4 b | 103.4 b |
WMD | 5534.4 a | 84.5 a | 24.1 a | 112.4 a |
Table 2. Effect of WMD during the grain filling stage on rice yield and its components.
品种 Cultivar | 处理 Treatment | 总颖花量 Total spikelets per pot | 结实率 Seed-setting rate/% | 千粒重 1000-grain weight/g | 产量 Grain yield/(g·pot-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
扬稻6号YD6 | CI | 3450.9 a | 89.1 b | 29.5 b | 90.8 b |
WMD | 3541.3 a | 92.2 a | 30.1 a | 98.2 a | |
南粳9108 NJ9108 | CI | 4189.4 a | 87.3 b | 24.1 a | 88.0 b |
WMD | 4228.8 a | 90.9 a | 24.6 a | 94.6 a | |
扬两优6号YLY6 | CI | 4018.2 a | 87.4 b | 28.7 a | 100.8 b |
WMD | 4156.6 a | 90.7 a | 29.2 a | 110.0 a | |
常优5号CY5 | CI | 4326.8 a | 86.3 b | 24.8 a | 92.4 b |
WMD | 4416.7 a | 89.6 a | 25.3 a | 100.0 a | |
甬优2640 YY2640 | CI | 5468.3 a | 80.9 b | 23.4 b | 103.4 b |
WMD | 5534.4 a | 84.5 a | 24.1 a | 112.4 a |
Fig. 1. Nitrate nitrogen contents in rice rhizosphere (A) and non-rhizosphere (B) soils after rewatering in WMD during the grain filling stage. YD6, Yangdao 6; NJ9108, Nanjing 9108; YLY6, Yangliangyou 6; CY5, Changyou 5; YY2640, Yongyou 2640. CI, Continuously flooded irrigation; WMD, Alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation. For a variety, different lowercase letters above the column indicate statistical significance at the P = 0.05 level.
Fig. 2. Ammonium nitrogen contents in rice rhizosphere (A) and non-rhizosphere (B) soils after rewatering in WMD during the grain filling stage. YD6, Yangdao 6; NJ9108, Nanjing 9108; YLY6, Yangliangyou 6; CY5, Changyou 5; YY2640, Yongyou 2640. CI, Continuously flooded irrigation; WMD, Alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation. For a variety, different letters above the column indicate statistical significance at the P = 0.05 level.
Fig. 3. Urease activities in rice rhizosphere (A) and non-rhizosphere (B) soils after rewatering in WMD during the grain filling stage. YD 6, Yangdao 6; NJ 9108, Nanjing 9108; YLY 6, Yangliangyou 6; CY 5, Changyou 5; YY2640, Yongyou 2640. CI, Continuously flooded irrigation; WMD, Alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation. For variety, different lowercase letters above the column indicate statistical significance at the P = 0.05 level.
Fig. 4. Sucrase activities in rice rhizosphere (A) and non-rhizosphere (B) soils after rewatering in WMD during the grain filling stage. YD 6, Yangdao 6; NJ 9108, Nanjing 9108; YLY 6, Yangliangyou 6; CY 5, Changyou 5; YY2640, Yongyou 2640. CI, Continuously flooded irrigation; WMD, Alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation. For variety, different lowercase letters above the column indicate statistical significance at 0.05 level.
品种 Cultivar | 处理 Treatment | 根干质量 Root dry weight /(g·pot-1) | 根冠比 Root-shoot ratio | 根数 Root number /(×100·pot-1) | 根长 Root length /(m·pot-1) | 根表面积 Root surface /(cm2·pot-1) | 根系直径 Root diameter /mm | 根体积 Root volume /(cm3·pot-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
扬稻6号 | CI | 25.5 b | 0.23 a | 20.0 b | 876.9 b | 9 267.7 b | 0.51 a | 125.5 a |
YD6 | WMD | 29.8 a | 0.24 a | 23.6 a | 960.1 a | 10 623.8 a | 0.52 a | 137.3 a |
南粳9108 | CI | 22.3 b | 0.23 a | 21.3 b | 624.5 b | 10 134.7 b | 0.57 a | 98.8 b |
NJ9108 | WMD | 25.9 a | 0.24 a | 24.0 a | 661.6 a | 10 797.6 a | 0.58 a | 110.3 a |
扬两优6号 | CI | 30.4 b | 0.22 a | 23.6 b | 767.3 b | 9 993.9 b | 0.61 a | 121.3 b |
YLY6 | WMD | 36.3 a | 0.23 a | 26.6 a | 812.5 a | 10 784.1 a | 0.61 a | 133.6 a |
常优5号 | CI | 25.1 a | 0.18 a | 21.7 b | 766.9 b | 10 675.1 b | 0.49 a | 112.3 b |
CY5 | WMD | 26.4 a | 0.18 a | 23.9 a | 809.4 a | 11 580.0 a | 0.48 a | 122.2 a |
甬优2640 | CI | 24.0 b | 0.24 a | 17.6 b | 883.5 b | 11 546.6 a | 0.48 a | 102.2 b |
YY2640 | WMD | 27.6 a | 0.25 a | 18.6 a | 984.2 a | 12 600.9 a | 0.47 a | 114.6 a |
Table 3. Morphological characteristics of rice roots after rewatering in WMD during the grain filling stage.
品种 Cultivar | 处理 Treatment | 根干质量 Root dry weight /(g·pot-1) | 根冠比 Root-shoot ratio | 根数 Root number /(×100·pot-1) | 根长 Root length /(m·pot-1) | 根表面积 Root surface /(cm2·pot-1) | 根系直径 Root diameter /mm | 根体积 Root volume /(cm3·pot-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
扬稻6号 | CI | 25.5 b | 0.23 a | 20.0 b | 876.9 b | 9 267.7 b | 0.51 a | 125.5 a |
YD6 | WMD | 29.8 a | 0.24 a | 23.6 a | 960.1 a | 10 623.8 a | 0.52 a | 137.3 a |
南粳9108 | CI | 22.3 b | 0.23 a | 21.3 b | 624.5 b | 10 134.7 b | 0.57 a | 98.8 b |
NJ9108 | WMD | 25.9 a | 0.24 a | 24.0 a | 661.6 a | 10 797.6 a | 0.58 a | 110.3 a |
扬两优6号 | CI | 30.4 b | 0.22 a | 23.6 b | 767.3 b | 9 993.9 b | 0.61 a | 121.3 b |
YLY6 | WMD | 36.3 a | 0.23 a | 26.6 a | 812.5 a | 10 784.1 a | 0.61 a | 133.6 a |
常优5号 | CI | 25.1 a | 0.18 a | 21.7 b | 766.9 b | 10 675.1 b | 0.49 a | 112.3 b |
CY5 | WMD | 26.4 a | 0.18 a | 23.9 a | 809.4 a | 11 580.0 a | 0.48 a | 122.2 a |
甬优2640 | CI | 24.0 b | 0.24 a | 17.6 b | 883.5 b | 11 546.6 a | 0.48 a | 102.2 b |
YY2640 | WMD | 27.6 a | 0.25 a | 18.6 a | 984.2 a | 12 600.9 a | 0.47 a | 114.6 a |
Fig. 5. Microstructure of root aerenchyma after rewatering in WMD during the grain filling stage (Yangdao 6). CI, Continuously flooded irrigation; WMD, Alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation. R1, 1 cm from root tip; R2, 2 cm from root tip; R3, 3 cm from root tip.
品种 Cultivar | 部位 Site | 处理 Treatment | 横截面积(S1) Cross-section area(S1) /(×104 μm2) | 通气组织面积(S2) Aerenchyma area(S2) /(×104 μm2) | 面积比(S2/S1) Area ratio(S2/S1) /% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
扬稻6号 | R1 | CI | 50.9 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a |
YD6 | WMD | 62.0 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a | |
R2 | CI | 64.6 a | 9.4 a | 14.6 a | |
WMD | 53.2 a | 8.7 a | 16.4 a | ||
R3 | CI | 54.3 b | 10 b | 18.4 b | |
WMD | 74.7 a | 16.1 a | 21.6 a | ||
南粳9108 | R1 | CI | 78.8 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a |
NJ9108 | WMD | 73.6 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a | |
R2 | CI | 95.5 a | 12.9 a | 13.5 b | |
WMD | 90.2 a | 13.5 a | 15.0 a | ||
R3 | CI | 86.2 a | 14.5 b | 16.8 b | |
WMD | 83.8 a | 17.5 a | 20.9 a | ||
扬两优6号 | R1 | CI | 61.5 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a |
YLY6 | WMD | 60.6 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a | |
R2 | CI | 57.9 a | 8.9 b | 15.4 b | |
WMD | 63.1 a | 10.9 a | 17.3 a | ||
R3 | CI | 69.5 a | 12.5 a | 18.0 b | |
WMD | 64.3 a | 12.3 a | 19.1 a | ||
常优5号 | R1 | CI | 84.5 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a |
CY5 | WMD | 75.6 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a | |
R2 | CI | 91.7 a | 12.2 a | 13.3 b | |
WMD | 77.7 b | 12.9 a | 16.6 a | ||
R3 | CI | 80.2 a | 15.2 b | 19.0 b | |
WMD | 84.9 a | 20.3 a | 23.9 a | ||
甬优2640 | R1 | CI | 70.7 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a |
YY 2640 | WMD | 62.3 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a | |
R2 | CI | 75.6 a | 10.9 a | 14.4 b | |
WMD | 71.1 a | 12.0 a | 16.9 a | ||
R3 | CI | 71.0 a | 14.1 b | 19.9 b | |
WMD | 66.8 a | 17.3 a | 25.9 a |
Table 4. Aerenchyma in rice root system after rewatering in WMD during the grain filling stage.
品种 Cultivar | 部位 Site | 处理 Treatment | 横截面积(S1) Cross-section area(S1) /(×104 μm2) | 通气组织面积(S2) Aerenchyma area(S2) /(×104 μm2) | 面积比(S2/S1) Area ratio(S2/S1) /% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
扬稻6号 | R1 | CI | 50.9 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a |
YD6 | WMD | 62.0 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a | |
R2 | CI | 64.6 a | 9.4 a | 14.6 a | |
WMD | 53.2 a | 8.7 a | 16.4 a | ||
R3 | CI | 54.3 b | 10 b | 18.4 b | |
WMD | 74.7 a | 16.1 a | 21.6 a | ||
南粳9108 | R1 | CI | 78.8 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a |
NJ9108 | WMD | 73.6 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a | |
R2 | CI | 95.5 a | 12.9 a | 13.5 b | |
WMD | 90.2 a | 13.5 a | 15.0 a | ||
R3 | CI | 86.2 a | 14.5 b | 16.8 b | |
WMD | 83.8 a | 17.5 a | 20.9 a | ||
扬两优6号 | R1 | CI | 61.5 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a |
YLY6 | WMD | 60.6 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a | |
R2 | CI | 57.9 a | 8.9 b | 15.4 b | |
WMD | 63.1 a | 10.9 a | 17.3 a | ||
R3 | CI | 69.5 a | 12.5 a | 18.0 b | |
WMD | 64.3 a | 12.3 a | 19.1 a | ||
常优5号 | R1 | CI | 84.5 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a |
CY5 | WMD | 75.6 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a | |
R2 | CI | 91.7 a | 12.2 a | 13.3 b | |
WMD | 77.7 b | 12.9 a | 16.6 a | ||
R3 | CI | 80.2 a | 15.2 b | 19.0 b | |
WMD | 84.9 a | 20.3 a | 23.9 a | ||
甬优2640 | R1 | CI | 70.7 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a |
YY 2640 | WMD | 62.3 a | 0.0 a | 0.0 a | |
R2 | CI | 75.6 a | 10.9 a | 14.4 b | |
WMD | 71.1 a | 12.0 a | 16.9 a | ||
R3 | CI | 71.0 a | 14.1 b | 19.9 b | |
WMD | 66.8 a | 17.3 a | 25.9 a |
Fig. 6. Root oxidation activity after rewatering in WMD during the grain filling stage. YD6, Yangdao 6; NJ9108, Nanjing 9108; YLY6, Yangliangyou 6; CY5, Changyou 5; YY2640, Yongyou 2640. CI, Continuously flooded irrigation; WMD, Alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation. For a variety, different letters above the column indicate statistical significance at the P = 0.05 level.
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