Chinese Journal OF Rice Science ›› 2018, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (1): 155-168.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2018.7060
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Kuanyu ZHU1, Mingfei ZHAN1, CHENJing1, Zhiqin WANG1, Jianchang YANG1, Buhong ZHAO2,*()
Received:
2017-05-24
Online:
2018-01-10
Published:
2018-03-01
Contact:
Buhong ZHAO
朱宽宇1, 展明飞1, 陈静1, 王志琴1, 杨建昌1, 赵步洪2,*()
通讯作者:
赵步洪
基金资助:
CLC Number:
Kuanyu ZHU, Mingfei ZHAN, CHENJing, Zhiqin WANG, Jianchang YANG, Buhong ZHAO. Effects of Irrigation Regimes DuringGrain Filling Under Different Nitrogen Rates on Inferior SpikeletsGrain-Filling and Grain Yield of Rice[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2018, 1(1): 155-168.
朱宽宇, 展明飞, 陈静, 王志琴, 杨建昌, 赵步洪. 不同氮肥水平下结实期灌溉方式对水稻弱势粒灌浆及产量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2018, 1(1): 155-168.
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变异来源 Sourceofvariance | 自由度df | 产量 Yield | 平均灌浆速率 Mean of grain filling rate | 最终粒重 Final weight | NSC转运率 NSC remobiliza -tion rate | 根系氧化力 Root oxidation | 光合速率 Photosynthe -tic rate | 蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate | 根系IAA含量 IAA content of Root | 根系Z+ZR含量 Z+ZR content of Root | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年度Year(Y) | 1 | 7.95ns | 8.58ns | 2.45ns | 3.32ns | 4.67ns | 4.77ns | 19.81ns | 16.35ns | 12.89ns | ||
品种Cultivar(C) | 1 | 63.65** | 141.36** | 71.91** | 20.99** | 25.68** | 46.93** | 98.32** | 33.66** | 34.78** | ||
灌溉Irrigation(I) | 2 | 18.98** | 148.92** | 89.15** | 28.22** | 86.82** | 48.90** | 484.03** | 14.15** | 16.52** | ||
氮肥Nitrogen(N) | 2 | 15.09** | 24.66* | 54.88** | 11.62** | 53.53* | 54.91* | 5.66* | 40.68** | 42.26** | ||
Y×C | 1 | 138.98ns | 148.92ns | 89.15ns | 202.22ns | 486.82ns | 486.90ns | 484.03ns | 12.15ns | 616.52ns | ||
Y×I | 2 | 8.99ns | 6.08ns | 11.43ns | 102.62ns | 68.52ns | 57.14ns | 2.87ns | 59.37ns | 51.42ns | ||
Y×N | 2 | 30.90ns | 11.82ns | 96.13ns | 22.54ns | 78.65ns | 33.64ns | 49.25ns | 25.45ns | 22.06ns | ||
C×I | 2 | 99.57** | 0.35ns | 0.02ns | 0.95ns | 1.23ns | 1.22ns | 1.22ns | 64.53** | 64.56** | ||
C×N | 2 | 152.52** | 0.21ns | 3.32* | 17.55** | 140.56* | 140.58* | 139.75** | 27.71** | 27.74** | ||
I×N | 4 | 97.29** | 18.00** | 66.65** | 1.29ns | 0.51ns | 0.50ns | 0.50ns | 4.21** | 4.25** | ||
Y×C×I | 2 | 2.68ns | 0.09ns | 0.93ns | 0.82ns | 0.05ns | 0.72ns | 0.01ns | 0.23ns | 0.21ns | ||
Y×C×N | 2 | 3.62ns | 0.08ns | 0.97ns | 6.75ns | 5.23ns | 0.43ns | 0.83ns | 0.10ns | 0.09ns | ||
C×I×N | 4 | 11.38** | 0.18ns | 2.05ns | 5.54* | 10.15** | 10.16** | 10.10** | 0.02ns | 0.02ns | ||
Y×I×N | 4 | 2.11ns | 0.03ns | 0.90ns | 5.32ns | 44.24ns | 0.81ns | 0.11ns | 0.02ns | 0.01ns | ||
Y×C×I×N | 4 | 3.92ns | 0.04ns | 0.92ns | 112.52ns | 68.93ns | 42.34ns | 60.52ns | 33.21ns | 8.97ns |
Table 1 Analysis-of-variance (F-values) for grain yield, grain filling characteristics and physiologicaltraits of riceamong years, cultivars and treatments.
变异来源 Sourceofvariance | 自由度df | 产量 Yield | 平均灌浆速率 Mean of grain filling rate | 最终粒重 Final weight | NSC转运率 NSC remobiliza -tion rate | 根系氧化力 Root oxidation | 光合速率 Photosynthe -tic rate | 蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate | 根系IAA含量 IAA content of Root | 根系Z+ZR含量 Z+ZR content of Root | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年度Year(Y) | 1 | 7.95ns | 8.58ns | 2.45ns | 3.32ns | 4.67ns | 4.77ns | 19.81ns | 16.35ns | 12.89ns | ||
品种Cultivar(C) | 1 | 63.65** | 141.36** | 71.91** | 20.99** | 25.68** | 46.93** | 98.32** | 33.66** | 34.78** | ||
灌溉Irrigation(I) | 2 | 18.98** | 148.92** | 89.15** | 28.22** | 86.82** | 48.90** | 484.03** | 14.15** | 16.52** | ||
氮肥Nitrogen(N) | 2 | 15.09** | 24.66* | 54.88** | 11.62** | 53.53* | 54.91* | 5.66* | 40.68** | 42.26** | ||
Y×C | 1 | 138.98ns | 148.92ns | 89.15ns | 202.22ns | 486.82ns | 486.90ns | 484.03ns | 12.15ns | 616.52ns | ||
Y×I | 2 | 8.99ns | 6.08ns | 11.43ns | 102.62ns | 68.52ns | 57.14ns | 2.87ns | 59.37ns | 51.42ns | ||
Y×N | 2 | 30.90ns | 11.82ns | 96.13ns | 22.54ns | 78.65ns | 33.64ns | 49.25ns | 25.45ns | 22.06ns | ||
C×I | 2 | 99.57** | 0.35ns | 0.02ns | 0.95ns | 1.23ns | 1.22ns | 1.22ns | 64.53** | 64.56** | ||
C×N | 2 | 152.52** | 0.21ns | 3.32* | 17.55** | 140.56* | 140.58* | 139.75** | 27.71** | 27.74** | ||
I×N | 4 | 97.29** | 18.00** | 66.65** | 1.29ns | 0.51ns | 0.50ns | 0.50ns | 4.21** | 4.25** | ||
Y×C×I | 2 | 2.68ns | 0.09ns | 0.93ns | 0.82ns | 0.05ns | 0.72ns | 0.01ns | 0.23ns | 0.21ns | ||
Y×C×N | 2 | 3.62ns | 0.08ns | 0.97ns | 6.75ns | 5.23ns | 0.43ns | 0.83ns | 0.10ns | 0.09ns | ||
C×I×N | 4 | 11.38** | 0.18ns | 2.05ns | 5.54* | 10.15** | 10.16** | 10.10** | 0.02ns | 0.02ns | ||
Y×I×N | 4 | 2.11ns | 0.03ns | 0.90ns | 5.32ns | 44.24ns | 0.81ns | 0.11ns | 0.02ns | 0.01ns | ||
Y×C×I×N | 4 | 3.92ns | 0.04ns | 0.92ns | 112.52ns | 68.93ns | 42.34ns | 60.52ns | 33.21ns | 8.97ns |
品种 Cultivar | 处理 Treatment | 每盆穗数 No.of panicle per pot | 每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle | 结实率 Seed setting rate /% | 千粒重 1000-grain weight /g | 产量 Grain yield /g·pot-1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 | CI+0N | 11.2c | 229.5c | 90.5c | 24.5b | 57.0g |
CI+MN | 18.7b | 276.3b | 89.5d | 24.6b | 114.3b | |
CI+HN | 21.2a | 289.4a | 75.9f | 23.6c | 110.2c | |
WMD+0N | 11.2c | 230.1c | 93.8a | 25.5a | 61.7f | |
WMD+MN | 18.6b | 276.8b | 93.2b | 25.6a | 122.7a | |
WMD+HN | 21.2a | 289.2a | 80.1e | 25.4a | 124.8a | |
WSD+0N | 11.4c | 231.9c | 74.7h | 22.9e | 44.7h | |
WSD+MN | 18.5b | 274.9b | 75.3g | 23.4d | 91.4e | |
WSD+HN | 21.1a | 288.5a | 75.5g | 23.0d | 105.7d | |
淮稻5号 Huaidao 5 | CI+0N | 13.8c | 141.5c | 91.9b | 27.1b | 48.6g |
CI+MN | 23.0b | 171.6b | 91.7b | 27.2b | 97.0b | |
CI+HN | 24.2a | 177.9a | 80.7d | 26.4c | 91.7c | |
WMD+0N | 13.9c | 141.9c | 92.9a | 27.7a | 50.7f | |
WMD+MN | 22.8b | 171.3b | 92.5a | 27.5a | 99.9a | |
WMD+HN | 24.2a | 177.0a | 85.4c | 27.6a | 100.9a | |
WSD+0N | 13.7c | 141.6c | 80.1e | 25.1e | 39.0h | |
WSD+MN | 22.6b | 169.8b | 81.9d | 25.8d | 81.1e | |
WSD+HN | 24.0a | 175.6a | 82.2d | 25.9d | 89.7d |
Table 2 Effects of irrigation regimes during grain filling under different nitrogen rates on the yield components of rice.
品种 Cultivar | 处理 Treatment | 每盆穗数 No.of panicle per pot | 每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle | 结实率 Seed setting rate /% | 千粒重 1000-grain weight /g | 产量 Grain yield /g·pot-1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 | CI+0N | 11.2c | 229.5c | 90.5c | 24.5b | 57.0g |
CI+MN | 18.7b | 276.3b | 89.5d | 24.6b | 114.3b | |
CI+HN | 21.2a | 289.4a | 75.9f | 23.6c | 110.2c | |
WMD+0N | 11.2c | 230.1c | 93.8a | 25.5a | 61.7f | |
WMD+MN | 18.6b | 276.8b | 93.2b | 25.6a | 122.7a | |
WMD+HN | 21.2a | 289.2a | 80.1e | 25.4a | 124.8a | |
WSD+0N | 11.4c | 231.9c | 74.7h | 22.9e | 44.7h | |
WSD+MN | 18.5b | 274.9b | 75.3g | 23.4d | 91.4e | |
WSD+HN | 21.1a | 288.5a | 75.5g | 23.0d | 105.7d | |
淮稻5号 Huaidao 5 | CI+0N | 13.8c | 141.5c | 91.9b | 27.1b | 48.6g |
CI+MN | 23.0b | 171.6b | 91.7b | 27.2b | 97.0b | |
CI+HN | 24.2a | 177.9a | 80.7d | 26.4c | 91.7c | |
WMD+0N | 13.9c | 141.9c | 92.9a | 27.7a | 50.7f | |
WMD+MN | 22.8b | 171.3b | 92.5a | 27.5a | 99.9a | |
WMD+HN | 24.2a | 177.0a | 85.4c | 27.6a | 100.9a | |
WSD+0N | 13.7c | 141.6c | 80.1e | 25.1e | 39.0h | |
WSD+MN | 22.6b | 169.8b | 81.9d | 25.8d | 81.1e | |
WSD+HN | 24.0a | 175.6a | 82.2d | 25.9d | 89.7d |
Fig.1. Effects of irrigation regimes during grain filling under different nitrogen rates on the nitrogen use efficiency and harvest index of rice. CI,Conventional irrigation; WMD,Alternate wetting and moderate soil drying; WSD,Alternate wetting and severe soil drying.MN,Medium nitrogen level; HN,High nitrogrn level.
Fig.2. Effects of irrigation regimes during grain filling under different nitrogen rates on grain weight of rice. CI+0N, Conventional irrigation+0 nitrogen fertilizer;CI+MN,Conventional irrigation+mediumnitrogen level;CI+HN,Conventional irrigation+high nitrogen level;WMD+0N,Alternate wetting and moderate soil drying+0 nitrogen fertilizer;WMD+MN,Alternate wetting and moderate soil drying+medium nitrogen level;WMD+HN,Alternate wetting and moderate soil drying+medium nitrogen level;WSD+0N,Alternate wetting and severe soil drying+0 nitrogen fertilizer;WSD+MN,Alternate wetting and severe soil drying+medium nitrogen level;WSD+HN,Alternate wetting and severe soil drying+high nitrogen level. S, Superior spikelets; I, Inferior spikelets.
品种 Variety | 处理 Treament | 最大灌浆速率 Gmax/(mg·grain-1d-1) | 达最大灌浆速率时间 Tmax/d | 平均灌浆速率 Gmean/(mg·grain-1d-1) | 活跃灌浆期 Active filling period/d | 最终粒重A /(mg·grain-1) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S | I | S | I | S | I | S | I | S | I | ||||||
甬优2640 | CI+0N | 2.08a | 1.16ab | 14.37a | 33.42f | 1.49a | 0.54b | 18.43a | 30.13d | 27.46a | 16.27c | ||||
Yongyou 2640 | CI+MN | 2.10a | 1.13ab | 14.42a | 35.88e | 1.48a | 0.53b | 18.52a | 31.26c | 27.41a | 16.56c | ||||
CI+HN | 2.04a | 1.02ab | 14.83b | 41.86b | 1.46a | 0.46c | 18.55a | 33.63a | 27.08a | 15.46d | |||||
WMD+0N | 2.08a | 1.23a | 14.38a | 31.32g | 1.50a | 0.61a | 18.30a | 28.28e | 27.45a | 17.25b | |||||
WMD+MN | 2.10a | 1.18ab | 14.40a | 32.12g | 1.51a | 0.62a | 18.33a | 30.12d | 27.68a | 18.67a | |||||
WMD+HN | 2.08a | 1.15ab | 14.50a | 38.37d | 1.47a | 0.59a | 18.46a | 32.58b | 27.14a | 18.63a | |||||
WSD+0N | 2.05a | 0.88c | 14.95b | 37.51d | 1.47a | 0.33e | 18.35b | 22.65g | 26.97a | 7.47f | |||||
WSD+MN | 2.11a | 1.02b | 14.45a | 40.32c | 1.48a | 0.40d | 18.39a | 27.95f | 27.22a | 11.18e | |||||
WSD+HN | 2.09a | 1.04b | 14.52a | 44.68a | 1.46a | 0.41cd | 18.42a | 28.12f | 26.89a | 11.52e | |||||
淮稻5号 | CI+0N | 2.26a | 1.32ab | 15.35a | 26.56h | 1.68a | 0.80b | 17.54a | 24.26c | 29.47a | 19.40b | ||||
Huaidao 5 | CI+MN | 2.23a | 1.27ab | 15.38a | 28.48e | 1.70a | 0.76b | 17.56a | 25.71b | 29.85a | 19.53b | ||||
CI+HN | 2.20b | 1.2ab | 15.37a | 30.15b | 1.69a | 0.70c | 17.65a | 26.33a | 29.83a | 18.43c | |||||
WMD+0N | 2.28a | 1.43a | 15.38a | 26.09i | 1.70a | 0.89a | 17.52a | 23.16d | 29.78a | 21.32a | |||||
WMD+MN | 2.25a | 1.37ab | 15.40a | 27.31g | 1.69a | 0.91a | 17.58a | 24.21c | 29.71a | 22.03a | |||||
WMD+HN | 2.23a | 1.24ab | 15.42a | 29.12d | 1.67a | 0.87a | 17.68a | 25.32b | 29.53a | 22.02a | |||||
WSD+0N | 2.22a | 0.95c | 15.33a | 27.68f | 1.71a | 0.54e | 17.42a | 19.86f | 29.79a | 10.72e | |||||
WSD+MN | 2.24a | 1.13b | 15.41a | 29.66c | 1.70a | 0.63d | 17.54a | 22.56e | 29.82a | 14.21d | |||||
WSD+HN | 2.19a | 1.15b | 15.42a | 31.85a | 1.69a | 0.61d | 17.52a | 23.18d | 29.61a | 14.14d |
Table 3 Effects of irrigation regimes during grain filling under different nitrogen rates on the grain filling characters of rice.
品种 Variety | 处理 Treament | 最大灌浆速率 Gmax/(mg·grain-1d-1) | 达最大灌浆速率时间 Tmax/d | 平均灌浆速率 Gmean/(mg·grain-1d-1) | 活跃灌浆期 Active filling period/d | 最终粒重A /(mg·grain-1) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S | I | S | I | S | I | S | I | S | I | ||||||
甬优2640 | CI+0N | 2.08a | 1.16ab | 14.37a | 33.42f | 1.49a | 0.54b | 18.43a | 30.13d | 27.46a | 16.27c | ||||
Yongyou 2640 | CI+MN | 2.10a | 1.13ab | 14.42a | 35.88e | 1.48a | 0.53b | 18.52a | 31.26c | 27.41a | 16.56c | ||||
CI+HN | 2.04a | 1.02ab | 14.83b | 41.86b | 1.46a | 0.46c | 18.55a | 33.63a | 27.08a | 15.46d | |||||
WMD+0N | 2.08a | 1.23a | 14.38a | 31.32g | 1.50a | 0.61a | 18.30a | 28.28e | 27.45a | 17.25b | |||||
WMD+MN | 2.10a | 1.18ab | 14.40a | 32.12g | 1.51a | 0.62a | 18.33a | 30.12d | 27.68a | 18.67a | |||||
WMD+HN | 2.08a | 1.15ab | 14.50a | 38.37d | 1.47a | 0.59a | 18.46a | 32.58b | 27.14a | 18.63a | |||||
WSD+0N | 2.05a | 0.88c | 14.95b | 37.51d | 1.47a | 0.33e | 18.35b | 22.65g | 26.97a | 7.47f | |||||
WSD+MN | 2.11a | 1.02b | 14.45a | 40.32c | 1.48a | 0.40d | 18.39a | 27.95f | 27.22a | 11.18e | |||||
WSD+HN | 2.09a | 1.04b | 14.52a | 44.68a | 1.46a | 0.41cd | 18.42a | 28.12f | 26.89a | 11.52e | |||||
淮稻5号 | CI+0N | 2.26a | 1.32ab | 15.35a | 26.56h | 1.68a | 0.80b | 17.54a | 24.26c | 29.47a | 19.40b | ||||
Huaidao 5 | CI+MN | 2.23a | 1.27ab | 15.38a | 28.48e | 1.70a | 0.76b | 17.56a | 25.71b | 29.85a | 19.53b | ||||
CI+HN | 2.20b | 1.2ab | 15.37a | 30.15b | 1.69a | 0.70c | 17.65a | 26.33a | 29.83a | 18.43c | |||||
WMD+0N | 2.28a | 1.43a | 15.38a | 26.09i | 1.70a | 0.89a | 17.52a | 23.16d | 29.78a | 21.32a | |||||
WMD+MN | 2.25a | 1.37ab | 15.40a | 27.31g | 1.69a | 0.91a | 17.58a | 24.21c | 29.71a | 22.03a | |||||
WMD+HN | 2.23a | 1.24ab | 15.42a | 29.12d | 1.67a | 0.87a | 17.68a | 25.32b | 29.53a | 22.02a | |||||
WSD+0N | 2.22a | 0.95c | 15.33a | 27.68f | 1.71a | 0.54e | 17.42a | 19.86f | 29.79a | 10.72e | |||||
WSD+MN | 2.24a | 1.13b | 15.41a | 29.66c | 1.70a | 0.63d | 17.54a | 22.56e | 29.82a | 14.21d | |||||
WSD+HN | 2.19a | 1.15b | 15.42a | 31.85a | 1.69a | 0.61d | 17.52a | 23.18d | 29.61a | 14.14d |
Fig.3. Effects of irrigation regimes during grain filling under different nitrogen rates on the root oxidation activity of rice. CI,Conventional irrigation; WMD,Alternate irrigation with wetting and moderate drying; WSD,Alternate irrigation with wetting and severedrying; 0N,Zero nitrogenfertilizer; MN,Medium nitrogen level; HN,High nitrogen level.
Fig.4. Effects of irrigation regimes during grain filling under different nitrogen rates on the root hormone of rice. CI,Conventional irrigation; WMD,Alternate irrigation with wetting and moderate drying; WSD,Alternate irrigation with wetting and severe drying; 0N, 0 nitrogenfertilizer; MN,Medium nitrogen level; HN,High nitrogen level.
Fig.5. Effects of irrigation regimes during grain filling under different nitrogen rates on leaf photosynthesis(A-F) and transpiration(G-L) of rice. CI,Conventional irrigation; WMD,Alternate irrigation with wetting and moderate drying; WSD,Alternate irrigation with wetting and severe drying; 0N, 0 nitrogenfertilizer; MN,Medium nitrogen level; HN,High nitrogen level.
Fig.6. Effects of irrigation regimes during grain filling under different nitrogen rates on non-structural carbohydrate(NSC) content(A-F), remobilization(C, G), accumulation(D, H) of stem in rice. CI,Conventional irrigation; WMD,Alternate irrigation with wetting and moderate drying; WSD,Alternate irrigation with wetting and severe drying; 0N, 0 nitrogenfertilizer; MN,Medium nitrogen level; HN,High nitrogen level.
产量构成及生理指标 Yield components and physiological traits | 直接作用 Direct contribution | 间接作用 Indirect contribution | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | ||
x1 | 0.079 | 0.645 | -0.083 | -0.002 | -0.045 | -0.005 | -0.027 | -0.049 | |
x2 | 0.647 | 0.078 | -0.081 | -0.001 | -0.036 | -0.003 | -0.019 | -0.045 | |
x3 | 0.214 | -0.031 | -0.243 | 0.029 | -0.040 | 0.030 | 0.017 | 0.084 | |
x4 | -0.036 | -0.004 | -0.031 | 0.174 | -0.002 | -0.002 | -0.013 | 0.021 | |
x5 | 0.543 | -0.007 | -0.043 | -0.072 | -0.001 | 0.026 | 0.156 | -0.018 | |
x6 | 0.038 | -0.009 | -0.056 | 0.016 | -0.002 | 0.376 | 0.225 | 0.032 | |
x7 | 0.225 | -0.009 | -0.056 | 0.016 | -0.002 | 0.376 | 0.226 | 0.032 | |
x8 | 0.172 | -0.022 | -0.171 | 0.106 | 0.005 | -0.288 | 0.007 | 0.042 |
Table 4 Contributions of yield components and physiological traits to grain yield.
产量构成及生理指标 Yield components and physiological traits | 直接作用 Direct contribution | 间接作用 Indirect contribution | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | ||
x1 | 0.079 | 0.645 | -0.083 | -0.002 | -0.045 | -0.005 | -0.027 | -0.049 | |
x2 | 0.647 | 0.078 | -0.081 | -0.001 | -0.036 | -0.003 | -0.019 | -0.045 | |
x3 | 0.214 | -0.031 | -0.243 | 0.029 | -0.040 | 0.030 | 0.017 | 0.084 | |
x4 | -0.036 | -0.004 | -0.031 | 0.174 | -0.002 | -0.002 | -0.013 | 0.021 | |
x5 | 0.543 | -0.007 | -0.043 | -0.072 | -0.001 | 0.026 | 0.156 | -0.018 | |
x6 | 0.038 | -0.009 | -0.056 | 0.016 | -0.002 | 0.376 | 0.225 | 0.032 | |
x7 | 0.225 | -0.009 | -0.056 | 0.016 | -0.002 | 0.376 | 0.226 | 0.032 | |
x8 | 0.172 | -0.022 | -0.171 | 0.106 | 0.005 | -0.288 | 0.007 | 0.042 |
Fig.7. Correlations between grain filling rate, final weight of inferior spikelets and seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight. ** Significant at 0.01 level.
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