Action Mechanism by Which SA Alleviates High Temperature-induced Inhibition to Spikelet Differentiation

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001G7216.2015.06.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Heat stress at the spikelet primordium differentiation stage of rice significantly decreases the grain yield due to reduced grain number per panicle. The hybrid rice Yongyou 12 was used as material to investigate the role of salicylic acid(SA) in alleviating the negative effect on spikelet differentiation induced by heat stress. The results indicated that under natural conditions, low concentration of SA increased the spikelet number per panicle, while high concentration decreased the number. Interestingly, either low or high concentrations of SA (10-50000 μmol/L) increased the grain number per panicle under heat stress. The grain yield and grain number per panicle peaked under the treatment of 100 μmol/L SA compared with their respective control (0 μmol/L) under both natural conditions and heat stress. This might attribute to the increase in the leaf photosynthesis rate, antioxidant enzyme activities, concentrations of auxin(IAA) and zeatin(ZR) in spikelets under heat stress. Heat stress occurred at spikelet differentiation stage seemed to cause little damage to the leaf, but the actual light quantum efficiency and net photosynthetic rate of leaf were increased when sprayed with SA. Accordingly, there was no significant difference in the activities of SOD, POD and CAT of leaf in rice. However, these antioxidant enzyme activities in spikelets were significantly decreased when subjected to heat stress, especially under the treatment of 0 μmol/L SA, suggesting that SA could enhance anti-oxidation. Further, SA could also prevent the decrease in the concentrations of IAA and ZR in spikelets induced by heat stress. In sum, SA obviously enhanced heat-resistance in rice at 100-1000 μmol/L.

Key words: rice, salicylic acid, heat stress, spikelet differentiation

摘要：

水稻颖花原基分化期高温可抑制颖花分化,导致每穗粒数下降,最终会影响水稻产量的形成。以杂交稻甬优12为材料,探讨高温下不同浓度水杨酸(salicylic acid, SA)对水稻颖花分化的影响,并揭示其作用机制。研究表明,常温下适量SA促进水稻颖花分化,但高浓度SA严重降低每穗粒数。然而高温下,10~50000 μmol/L SA处理每穗粒数均高于对照。无论常温或高温,100 μmol/L水杨酸处理效果最好,其每穗粒数及产量均显著高于对照。SA增强水稻耐热性表现在三个方面:1)高温下SA处理的叶片实际荧光量子效率及净光合速率均高于对照;2)高温下SA处理的颖花SOD、POD及CAT活性显著高于对照,而MDA含量则显著低于对照;3)无论高温或常温,SA处理的颖花ZR及IAA含量均高于对照,尤其在高温下,差异达显著水平。

关键词: 水稻, 水杨酸, 高温胁迫, 颖花分化

Guan-fu FU, Cai-xia ZHANG, Xue-qin YANG, Yong-jie YANG, Ting-ting CHEN, Xia ZHAO, Wei-meng FU, Bao-hua FENG, Xiu-fu ZHANG, Long-xing TAO, Qian-y JIN. Action Mechanism by Which SA Alleviates High Temperature-induced Inhibition to Spikelet Differentiation[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2015, 29(6): 637-647.

符冠富, 张彩霞, 杨雪芹, 杨永杰, 陈婷婷, 赵霞, 符卫蒙, 奉保华, 章秀福, 陶龙兴, 金千瑜. 水杨酸减轻高温抑制水稻颖花分化的作用机理研究[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2015, 29(6): 637-647.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1. Effect of SA on the spikelet differentiation of rice under heat stress in 2013.

Table 1 Effect of salicylic acid(SA) on grain yield and its components of rice under heat stress(2014).

温度 Temperature	水杨酸浓度 SAC /(μmol·L^-1)	穗数 PNPP	每穗粒数 GNPP	结实率 SSR/%	千粒重 TGW/g	产量GY /(g·pot^-1)
常温Natural temperature
	0	16.0±0.7 abc	429.7±18.3 abcd	87.6±0.8 abcd	21.9±0.1 bcd	131.4±5.9 bc
	10	16.0±0.7 abc	440.2±46.2 ab	88.7±1.1 abc	21.2±0.5 e	132.4±13.0 bc
	100	16.8±0.7 a	450.8±28.5 a	90.9±2.1 a	21.9±0.2 abcd	150.8±12.3 a
	1000	16.8±1.3 a	437.6±40.9 abc	89.3±5.0 ab	21.5±0.1 cde	141.1±12.8 ab
	10000	16.0±0.7 abc	414.1±9.7 abcde	86.0±2.0 bcde	21.5±0.6 de	122.0±9.5 cde
	50000	16.0±1.1 abc	395.7±27.8 def	84.9±3.1 de	21.5±0.5 de	115.3±6.1 def
高温High temperature
	0	15.5±1.2 abcd	364.6±29.0 f	83.6±2.5 e	22.4±0.3 a	106.0±11.2 fg
	10	15.0±1.2 bcd	408.3±15.5 bcde	85.1±1.3 de	22.2±0.3 ab	115.4±10.8 def
	100	15.5±0.7 abcd	434.4±27.2 abc	83.6±2.1 e	22.5±0.7 a	126.3±4.6 cd
	1000	16.0±1.3 ab	401.7±17.5 cde	82.9±1.8 e	21.7±0.6 bcde	115.5±8.6 def
	10000	14.7±1.5 cd	405.7±39.0 bcde	85.8±1.6 cde	21.9±0.5 bcd	111.2±7.0 efg
	50000	14.4±1.7 cd	375.9±40.9 ef	84.8±4.6 de	22.2±0.7 abc	101.8±20.6 g

Fig. 2. Effect of salicylic acid(SA) on chlorophyll contents of rice leaf under heat stress in 2014.

Fig. 3. Effect of salicylic acid(SA) on chlorophyll-fluorescence parameters of rice leaf under heat stress in 2014.

Fig. 4. Effect of salicylic acid(SA) on net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of leaf in rice under heat stress in 2014.

Fig. 5. Effect of salicylic acid(SA) on leaf temperature in rice under heat stress in 2014.

Fig. 6. Effect of salicylic acid(SA) on antioxidant enzyme activities in leaf and spikelet in rice under heat stress in 2014.

Fig. 7. Effect of SA on the MDA content of leaf and spikelet in rice under heat stress in 2014.

Fig. 8. Effect of SA on the phytohormone concentrations of spikelet in rice under heat stress in 2014.

Fig. 9. Effect of SA on the soluble sugar contents of leaf and spikelet in rice under heat stress in 2014.

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