Research Progress of Spikelet Rot Disease and Bacterial Panicle Blight of Rice

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2015.02.014

Abstract

Abstract:

Rice spikelet rot disease (RSRD) and bacterial panicle blight of rice (BPBR),two newly increasing or emerging diseases in China, are both panicle diseases in the late growth stage of rice. The diseases have become more and more serious in recent years due to the changes of climate, cultivation system, nutrient and water management as well as the substitute of rice varieties/combinations. The RSRD and BPBR not only affected rice yield directly but also decreased rice quality due to the colourful pathogens and pathogenic toxins. The toxins were also noxious to the animals and human beings. The two diseases have similarities in epidemic period, infected parts of rice and the damage degree. The regularity of the diseases’ occurrence and epidemiology, the damage status, the investigation of pathogens’ biological characteristics and their toxins, the control approaches in paddy fields were briefly reviewed. We pointed out the issues existed in current research and the research directions of these two diseases in the future.

Key words: rice, spikelet rot disease, bacterial panicle blight

摘要：

水稻穗腐病和穗枯病是我国新上升或新出现的两个水稻后期穗部病害。近年来,随着气候的变化、耕作栽培制度及肥水管理的改变以及品种(组合)的更替,两病在我国的发生和危害程度越来越严重。穗腐病和穗枯病病原菌有色,可产生毒素,不但直接影响水稻产量,还导致稻米品质降低,危害食用者的健康。穗腐病和穗枯病在发病时期、发生部位和危害程度上具有相似性。综述了两病害的发生、流行规律、危害状况、病原菌生物特性和毒素研究以及防治方法,提出了研究上目前存在的问题和今后的研究方向。

关键词: 水稻, 穗腐病, 穗枯病

CLC Number:

435.111.4⁺6

Lu LI, Lian-meng LIU, Guo-rong WANG, Ai-juan WANG, Ling WANG, Lei SUN, Qi-qin LI, Shi-wen HUANG. Research Progress of Spikelet Rot Disease and Bacterial Panicle Blight of Rice[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2015, 29(2): 215-222.

李路, 刘连盟, 王国荣, 汪爱娟, 王玲, 孙磊, 黎起秦, 黄世文. 水稻穗腐病和穗枯病的研究进展[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2015, 29(2): 215-222.

Figures/Tables 6

References 63

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培养基 Medium	配方 Recipes	菌落特征 Characteristic of colonies	参考文献 References
S-PG	KH₂PO₄ 1.3 g,Na₂HPO₄1.2 g,(NH₄)₂SO₄5 g,MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.25 g,Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O 24 mg,EDTA-Fe 10 mg,L-胱氨酸 10 μg,D-山梨醇10 g,苯乙青霉素钾盐50 mg,氨苄青霉素钠10 mg,溴化十六烷基三甲铵10 mg,甲基紫1 mg,酚红20 mg,琼脂15 g,加水至1 L。	褐色或紫(红)色圆形凸起菌落	[40]
CCNT	酵母浸膏 2.0 g,多聚蛋白胨 1.0 g,肌醇 4.0 g,百菌清100 mg,溴化十六烷基三甲胺10 mg,氯霉素10 mg,新生霉素1 mg,琼脂18 g,加水至1 L,pH 4.8。	黄白色圆形凸起菌落,产生黄色色素	[41]

培养基 Medium	配方 Recipes	菌落特征 Characteristic of colonies	参考文献 References
S-PG	KH₂PO₄ 1.3 g,Na₂HPO₄1.2 g,(NH₄)₂SO₄5 g,MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.25 g,Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O 24 mg,EDTA-Fe 10 mg,L-胱氨酸 10 μg,D-山梨醇10 g,苯乙青霉素钾盐50 mg,氨苄青霉素钠10 mg,溴化十六烷基三甲铵10 mg,甲基紫1 mg,酚红20 mg,琼脂15 g,加水至1 L。	褐色或紫(红)色圆形凸起菌落	[40]
CCNT	酵母浸膏 2.0 g,多聚蛋白胨 1.0 g,肌醇 4.0 g,百菌清100 mg,溴化十六烷基三甲胺10 mg,氯霉素10 mg,新生霉素1 mg,琼脂18 g,加水至1 L,pH 4.8。	黄白色圆形凸起菌落,产生黄色色素	[41]

方法 Method	引物 primer	菌悬液浓度 Concentration of bacterial suspension/(CFU·mL^-1)	参考文献 References
普通PCR技术 Classical PCR	F:5'- CTCTGCAACTCGAGTGCATGAGC-3' R:5'-CGGTTAGACTAGCCACTTCTGGTAAA-3'	1×10⁵	[42]
免疫捕捉PCR技术 mACT-PCR	F:5'- GA AGTGTCGCCGATGGAG-3' R:5'- CCTTCACCGACAGCACGCAT -3'	1×10³	[43]
双重PCR结合变性高效液相色谱技术 Duplex PCR-DHPLC	BGF1:5'-ACACGGAACACCTGGGTA-3' BGR1:5'- TCGCTCTCCCGAAGAGAT-3' BGF3:5'-GCAGCGGCAAGGAAGACG-3' BGR3:5'- GTCGTCGCCCGACGTCTC-3'	1×10²	[44]
实时荧光PCR技术 Real time PCR	F:5'- CTCTGCAACTCGAGTGCATGAGC-3' R:5'-CGGTTAGACTAGCCACTTCTGGTAAA-3'	<100	[42]

方法 Method	引物 primer	菌悬液浓度 Concentration of bacterial suspension/(CFU·mL^-1)	参考文献 References
普通PCR技术 Classical PCR	F:5'- CTCTGCAACTCGAGTGCATGAGC-3' R:5'-CGGTTAGACTAGCCACTTCTGGTAAA-3'	1×10⁵	[42]
免疫捕捉PCR技术 mACT-PCR	F:5'- GA AGTGTCGCCGATGGAG-3' R:5'- CCTTCACCGACAGCACGCAT -3'	1×10³	[43]
双重PCR结合变性高效液相色谱技术 Duplex PCR-DHPLC	BGF1:5'-ACACGGAACACCTGGGTA-3' BGR1:5'- TCGCTCTCCCGAAGAGAT-3' BGF3:5'-GCAGCGGCAAGGAAGACG-3' BGR3:5'- GTCGTCGCCCGACGTCTC-3'	1×10²	[44]
实时荧光PCR技术 Real time PCR	F:5'- CTCTGCAACTCGAGTGCATGAGC-3' R:5'-CGGTTAGACTAGCCACTTCTGGTAAA-3'	<100	[42]

名称 Name	主要产毒菌 Main producers	危害 Harms	参考文献 References
伏马菌素 Fumonisin	串珠镰刀菌 (Fusarium moniliforme)	一种致癌物质,具有神经毒性,能损害肝肾功能	[52,53]
T-2霉菌毒素 T-2 toxin	拟枝镰刀菌 (Fusarium sporotricoides)、梨孢镰刀菌 (Fusarium poae)	降低免疫力、引起细胞坏死、造血障碍及不育	[50]
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇/呕吐毒素 DON	禾谷镰刀菌 (Fusarium graminearum)、粉红镰刀菌 (Fusarium roseum)等	影响免疫系统,产生急性中毒症状, 严重时可造成造血系统损害甚至死亡	[54,55]
玉米赤霉烯酮ZEN	禾谷镰刀菌 (Fusarium graminearum)	对生殖系统产生危害,降低免疫功能	[50]
串珠镰刀菌素MON	串珠镰刀菌 (Fusarium moniliforme)	损害心血管系统	[50]