中国水稻科学

中国水稻科学 ›› 2011, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 621-628.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.10017216.2011.06.009

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

抛秧立苗的根系特点及其对水稻生长的影响

郭保卫1张春华1陈厚存2张洪程1,*周兴涛1张军1李杰1陈京都1许轲1魏海燕1戴其根1霍中洋1邢琳1朱聪聪1   

  1. 1扬州大学 农学院/农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室, 江苏 扬州 225009； 2 海安县作物栽培技术指导站, 江苏 海安 226600
  • 收稿日期:2011-01-09 修回日期:2011-04-21 出版日期:2011-11-10 发布日期:2011-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 张洪程1,*
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目（30771273）； 江苏省粮食丰产科技工程（BE2009425）； 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金资助项目\[CX（10）129\]。

Root Characteristics of Broadcasted  Rice Seedlings During Seedling Standing and Its Effect on   Plant Growth

GUO Baowei1, ZHANG  Chunhua1, CHEN  Houcun2, ZHANG Hongcheng 1,* , ZHOU  Xingtao 1,  ZHANG Jun 1,LI  Jie 1, CHEN Jingdu 1,  XU  Ke1, WEI  Haiyan 1, DAI  Qigen 1, HUO Zhongyang 1, XING  Lin 1,  ZHU Congcong 1   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy, Yangzhou University/Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology,  Yangzhou 225009,  China;  2 Crop Cultural Station, Hai’an County, Hai’an 226600, China;
  • Received:2011-01-09 Revised:2011-04-21 Online:2011-11-10 Published:2011-11-10
  • Contact: ZHANG Hongcheng1,*

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摘要： 通过设置带土直立苗、带土倾斜苗、带土平躺苗、无土平躺苗、无土直立苗等不同苗姿，研究了抛秧稻的根系生长特点及其对水稻生长的影响。带土直立苗、带土倾斜苗抛秧活棵立苗快，在根系长度、根系干质量、黄根比方面都优于带土平躺苗和无土平躺苗，后者的立苗速度和根系生长极显著线性相关。秧苗活棵立苗后，带土直立苗、带土倾斜苗分蘖发生迅速且成穗率高，后期有着较强的根系活性，各生育时期保持适宜的根冠比，植株的吸氮速率、叶片的叶绿素含量、根系下扎深度都显著高于带土平躺苗和无土平躺苗。带土直立苗、带土倾斜苗活棵立苗快，其根系生长显著优于带土平躺苗和无土平躺苗，并在各生育时期保持较强的生长势。因此，提高带土直立苗比率、减少平躺苗比率和通过促进根系生长来促进抛秧立苗，进而促进抛秧稻高产、超高产。

关键词: 抛秧, 立苗, 根系, 生长；水稻

Abstract: The root growth characteristics of broadcasted rice seedlings and the effects of broadcasting on plant growth were systematically studied   under the  treatments of  upright seedlings with soil (USWS), leaning seedlings with soil (LESWS),  lying seedlings with soil (LASWS), leaning  seedlings without soil (LASWTS) and   upright seedlings without soil (USWTS).  USWS and LESWS recovered earlier with a smaller dead root ratio, and the length and the dry weight of  roots were both  higher than those of LASWS and LESWTS whose seedling standing speed was extremely and  significantly correlated with the root growth.  USWS and LESWS,  chara`cterized by earlier  tillering  and  higher   productive  tiller  rates, maintained  stronger root activity at later stages and optimum rootshoot ratio throughout  the whole growth period,  displaying  significantly higher nitrogen absorption rates, leaf chlorophyll content and root   depths than LASWS and LASWTS. Considering   earlier standing and recovery, significantly better root growth and fairly stronger growth capacity  of USWS and LESWS, it is reasonable to seek high yielding and super high yielding of broadcasted rice by means of increasing the rate of upright seedlings with soil, reducing  lying  seedlings and improving seedling standing by promoting root  growth.

Key words: broadcasted seedling, seedling standing, root, growth, rice

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