中国水稻科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 47-56.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2019.8078

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

甬优4949和超优1000在华中地区再生稻种植的氮肥运筹研究

何爱斌1, 于朋超1, 陈乾1, 姜广磊1, 王慰亲1, 聂立孝1,2,*()   

  1. 1华中农业大学 长江中游作物生理生态与耕作制度重点实验室/华中农业大学 植物科学与技术学院,武汉430070
    2长江大学 粮食产业协同创新中心,湖北 荆州,434023
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-19 修回日期:2018-07-23 出版日期:2019-01-10 发布日期:2019-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 聂立孝
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(31371571);国家863计划资助项目(2014AA10A605);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2662017JC001)

Optimizing the Nitrogen Management for Yongyou 4949 and Chaoyou 1000 in Ratoon Rice System in Central China

Aibin HE1, Pengchao YU1, Qian CHEN1, Guanglei JIANG1, Weiqin WANG1, Lixiao NIE1,2,*()   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, MOA, P.R. China, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
    2Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
  • Received:2018-06-19 Revised:2018-07-23 Online:2019-01-10 Published:2019-01-10
  • Contact: Lixiao NIE

摘要:

【目的】研究不同氮肥运筹处理下,超优1000、甬优4949作再生稻种植时的产量、氮肥偏生产力以及再生力的表现,以期为超优1000和甬优4949引入再生稻系统提供理论依据。【方法】试验为裂区设计,主区为氮肥处理,共设置了6个不同的氮肥处理,分别为N1(120main150ratoon)、N2(120main225ratoon)、N3(185main150ratoon)、N4(185main225ratoon)、N5(250main150ratoon)、N6(250main225ratoon);品种为副区(甬优4949、超优1000,两优6326作为再生稻大面积种植的对照品种)。测定不同品种在不同氮肥运筹下株高、分蘖数、叶面积指数、地上部生物量、产量、产量构成因子和成熟籽粒氮含量。【结果】试验结果表明,在头季,两优6326、超优1000、甬优4949最高产量分别为9.16 t/hm2、9.08 t/hm2和11.15 t/hm2,其对应的施氮量分别为185 kg/hm2、120 kg/hm2和185 kg/hm2。三个品种在高施氮量下(225 kg/hm2)的平均再生季产量分别为5.41 t/hm2、4.98 t/hm2、6.02 t/hm2,在低施氮量下(150 kg/hm2)的平均再生季产量分别为5.78 t/hm2、5.41 t/hm2、6.49 t/hm2。然而,三个品种在低氮处理下的氮肥偏生产力均显著高于高氮处理。综合产量和氮肥偏生产力,甬优4949的最优氮肥运筹应与两优6326保持一致(185main150ratoon),而超优1000在目前的产量水平下的头季施氮量低于两优6326(120 kg/ hm2),而再生季可与两优6326保持一致。【结论】甬优4949可在华中地区作再生稻种植并且氮肥运筹模式可与两优6326保持一致,而超优1000由于生育期太长,再生季不能完全成熟,不适合在华中地区作再生稻种植。

关键词: 再生稻, 产量, 氮肥运筹

Abstract:

【Objective】The grain yield, nitrogen partial factor productivity (PFPN) and regeneration rate of Chaoyou 1000 (CY1000) and Yongyou 4949 (YY4949) were investigated in ratoon rice system under various nitrogen rates. And the possibilities of introducing these varieties into ratoon rice system in central China were also evaluated.【Method】The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with four replications. The nitrogen rates were designed as main plots with six levels: N1(120main150ratoon), N2(120main225ratoon), N3(185main150ratoon), N4(185main225ratoon), N5(250main150ratoon), N6(250main225ratoon). The varieties [YY4949, CY1000, Liangyou 6326 (LY6326, as control)] were set as sub-plots. The plant height, tiller numbers, leaf area index, aboveground biomass, grain yield, yield components and grain nitrogen concentration of each variety were measured under various nitrogen rates.【Result】The highest grain yields in the main season were 9.16t/hm2, 9.08t/hm2 and 11.15t/hm2 at the N levels of 185 kg/hm2, 120 kg/hm2 and 185 kg/hm2 in LY6326, CY1000 and YY4949, respectively.The average yields of LY6326, YY4949 and CY1000 in ratoon season were 5.41t/hm2, 4.98t/hm2, 6.02t/hm2 and 5.78t/hm2, 5.41t/hm2, 6.49t/hm2 at the nitrogen levels of 225kg/hm2 and 150kg/hm2, respectively. Moreover, the increases in nitrogen input(from 150 to 225kg/hm2) significantly decreased the PFPN. In summary, it suggested that the optimum nitrogen management for LY6326 and YY4949 should be N3(185kg/hm2 during main season and 150kg/hm2 during ratoon season).【Conclusion】The N management practice of YY4949 should be consistent with that of LY6326 when YY4949 was introduced into ratoon rice system, while the whole growth duration of CY1000 was too long to ensure maturity of ratoon season, so it is not suitable for ratoon rice production in Central China.

Key words: ratoon rice, grain yield, nitrogen management

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