促芽肥施用时期和施用量对再生稻产量和头季稻米品质的影响

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2026.241009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究不同促芽肥施用时期和施用量对再生稻头季品质和周年产量的影响，为优化再生稻氮肥管理和高产优质提供依据。【方法】采用2个水稻品种(两优6326和甬优4949)，在2个促芽肥施用时期(早施处理即齐穗期施用、常规施用时期处理即齐穗后15 d施用)和2种促芽肥施用量(常规施氮量处理即75 kg/hm²、减施促芽肥处理即30 kg/hm²)处理下，考察促芽肥施用时期和施用量对再生芽生长、干物质积累、头季灌浆、产量和稻米品质的影响。【结果】促芽肥施用时期和施用量对两品种头季产量没有显著影响，常规施用时期处理下减氮导致两品种再生季和周年产量下降，主要原因是再生季单位面积穗数下降；早施减施促芽肥处理下两品种再生季有效穗数、再生季和周年产量与常规促芽肥施用模式没有显著差异。与常规施用模式相比，早施减施促芽肥可降低两品种头季籽粒灌浆速率，延长强势粒活跃灌浆期，提高两品种头季整精米率，降低头季垩白粒率、垩白度，改善头季稻米外观和加工品质；然而，在常规促芽肥施用量下，与常规施用时期相比，早施促芽肥导致两优6326直链淀粉含量下降，籽粒蛋白含量提高，蒸煮食味品质降低。【结论】早施减施促芽肥处理周年产量可达到常规施用模式的水平，可提高头季稻米外观和加工品质。因此，提前和减量施用促芽肥可实现再生稻头季稻米品质和周年产量协同。

关键词: 再生稻, 促芽肥, 稻米品质, 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】This study investigated the effects of different application time and rates of bud-promoting fertilizer on the quality of main crop rice and annual yield of ratoon rice to lay a basis for optimizing nitrogen management in ratoon rice cultivation for the coordination of high yield and high quality.【Method】A field experiment was performed using two rice varieties (Liangyou 6326 and Yongyou 4949), with two application time of bud-promoting fertilizer (early application at heading stage and normal application 15 days after heading) and two rates of fertilizer application (normal nitrogen rate of 75 kg/hm² and reduced nitrogen rate of 30 kg/hm²), to examine the growth of ratoon buds, dry matter accumulation, grain filling characteristics of the main crop, yield and rice quality.【Result】When applied at the normal time, the reduced rate led to a decrease in both ratoon and annual yields for both varieties, primarily due to reduced panicle number per unit area in the ratoon crop. Under early application with reduced rate, the effective panicle number and both ratoon and annual yields showed no significant differences compared to the normal application practice of bud-promoting fertilizer. Compared to the normal application practice, early application with reduced application rate of bud-promoting fertilizer lowered the grain filling rate in the main crop of both varieties, extended the active grain filling period of superior spikelets, increased the head rice percentage, decreased the percentage of chalky grains and chalkiness, and improved the appearance and processing quality of main crop rice. However, early application with the normal (high) rate of bud-promoting fertilizer resulted in a decrease in amylose content in Liangyou 6326, an increase in grain protein content, and a decline in cooking quality.【Conclusion】Early application with reduced rate of bud-promoting fertilizer enhanced the main-crop rice quality and obtained a similar annual yield as that under the normal application of bud-promoting fertilizer in two varieties. Therefore, optimizing application time and rate of bud-promoting fertilizer according to variety may synergistically improve main-crop rice quality and achieve high annual yield in ratoon rice production.

Key words: ratoon rice, bud-promoting fertilizer, rice quality, grain yield

肖无为, 张雨晴, 朱辰光, 田贵生, 蔡岳宏, 王飞, 熊栋梁, 黄见良, 彭少兵, 崔克辉. 促芽肥施用时期和施用量对再生稻产量和头季稻米品质的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2026, 40(1): 118-130.

XIAO Wuwei, ZHANG Yuqing, ZHU Chenguang, TIAN Guisheng, CAI Yuehong, WANG Fei, XIONG Dongliang, HUANG Jianliang, PENG Shaobing, CUI Kehui. Effects of Application Time and Rate of Bud-promoting Fertilizer on Main Crop Quality and Annual Yield of Ratoon Rice[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2026, 40(1): 118-130.

图/表 9

参考文献 49

[1]	彭少兵. 对转型时期水稻生产的战略思考[J]. 中国科学: 生命科学, 2014, 44(8): 845-850.
	Peng S B. Reflection on China’s rice production strategies during the transition period[J]. Scientia Sinica Vitae, 2014, 44(8): 845-850. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	Peng S B, Zheng C, Yu X. Progress and challenges of rice ratooning technology in China[J]. Crop and Environment, 2023, 2(1): 5-11.
[3]	Yu X, Guo Y, Yang G D, Zhang Z L, Liang Y J, Zheng C, Xu L, Yuan S, Wang F, Huang J L, Peng S B. Nitrogen response of regenerated tillers varied among node positions in ratoon rice[J]. Field Crops Research, 2022, 289: 108717.
[4]	周文新. 不同类型再生稻生育特性及源库关系比较研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学, 2006.
	Zhou W X. Comparative studies on growth characters and source-sink relationships of different types of ratooning rice[D]. Changsha: Hunan Agricultural University, 2006. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]	徐富贤, 熊洪, 朱永川, 张林, 郭晓艺, 刘茂. 促芽肥施用时期对不同源库类型杂交中稻再生力的影响[J]. 杂交水稻, 2010, 25(3): 57-63+99.
	Xu F X, Xiong H, Zhu Y C, Zhang L, Guo X Y, Liu M. Effects of the time of N application for bud development on the ratooning ability of mid-season rice hybrids with different source-sink structure[J]. Hybrid Rice, 2010, 25(3): 57-63+99. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]	徐富贤, 洪松, 熊洪. 促芽肥与杂交中稻再生力关系及其作用机理[J]. 作物学报, 1997, 23(3): 311-317.
	Xu F X, Hong S, Xiong H. Relation between N applying for bud development and ratooning ability and its mechanism in hybrid rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 1997, 23(3): 311-317. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]	熊洪, 冉茂林, 徐富贤, 洪松. 南方稻区再生稻研究进展及发展[J]. 作物学报, 2000, 26(3): 297-304.
	Xiong H, Ran M L, Xu F X, Hong S. Achievements and developments of ratooning rice in south of China[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2000, 26(3): 297-304. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	林文雄, 陈鸿飞, 张志兴, 徐倩华, 屠乃美, 方长旬, 任万军. 再生稻产量形成的生理生态特性与关键栽培技术的研究与展望[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2015, 23(4): 392-401.
	Lin W X, Chen H F, Zhang Z X, Xu Q H, Tu N M, Fang C X, Ren W J. Research and prospect on physio-ecological properties of ratoon rice yield formation and its key cultivation technology[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2015, 23(4): 392-401. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]	凌启鸿, 苏祖芳, 侯康平, 郭宏文. 水稻潜伏芽生长和穗分化形成规律及其应用的研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 1989, 22(1): 35-43.
	Ling Q H, Su Z F, Hou K P, Guo H W. Studies on the growth and panicle differentiation of resting bud and it’s application in rice plants[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1989, 22(1): 35-43. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	Huang J W, Pan Y P, Chen H F, Zhang Z X, Fang C X, Shao C H, Amjad H, Lin W W, Lin W X. Physiochemical mechanisms involved in the improvement of grain-filling, rice quality mediated by related enzyme activities in the ratoon cultivation system[J]. Field Crops Research, 2020, 258: 107962.
[11]	Chun A, Lee H J, Hamaker B R, Janaswamy S. Effects of ripening temperature on starch structure and gelatinization, pasting, and cooking properties in rice (Oryza sativa)[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015, 63(12): 3085-3093.
[12]	Fan X F, Sun X S, Yang R, Chen S, Li R M, Bian X Y, Xiao L X, Zhang C. Comparative analyses of grain quality in response to high temperature during the grain-filling stage between Wx^a and Wx^b under indica and japonica backgrounds[J]. Agronomy, 2022, 13(1): 17.
[13]	宁慧峰. 氮素对稻米品质的影响及其理化基础研究[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2011.
	Ning H F. The effect of nitrogen on rice quality and its physicochemical foundation[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2011. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]	Fei L W, Yang S C, Ma A, Lun Z C, Wang M, Wang G J, Guo S W. Grain chalkiness is reduced by coordinating the biosynthesis of protein and starch in fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain under nitrogen fertilization[J]. Field Crops Research, 2023, 302: 109098.
[15]	刘国华, 邓化冰, 陈立云, 肖应辉, 唐文邦. 中稻头季稻与再生稻的品质比较研究[J]. 杂交水稻, 2002, 17(1): 47-49.
	Liu G H, Deng H B, Chen L Y, Xiao Y H, Tang W B. Comparison of grain quality between main and ratooning crops f middle-season rice[J]. Hybrid Rice, 2002, 17(1): 47-49. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]	Yuan S, Yang C, Yu X, Zheng C, Xiao S, Xu L, Cui K H, Huang J L, Peng S B. On‐farm comparison in grain quality between main and ratoon crops of ratoon rice in Hubei Province, Central China[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2022, 102(15): 7259-7267.
[17]	Lin F F, Huang J W, Lin S, Letuma P, Xie D X, Rensing C, Lin W X. Physiological and transcriptomic analysis reveal the regulatory mechanism underlying grain quality improvement induced by rice ratooning[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2023, 103(7): 3569-3578.
[18]	肖无为, 朱辰光, 王飞, 熊栋梁, 黄见良, 彭少兵, 崔克辉. 再生稻稻米品质研究进展[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2025, 39 (1): 33-46.
	Xiao W W, Zhu C G, Wang F, Xiong D L, Huang J L, Peng S B, Cui K H. Research progress on the rice quality of ratoon rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2025, 39 (1): 33-46. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]	Yang D S, Peng S B, Zheng C, Xiang H S, Huang J L, Cui K H, Wang F. Effects of nitrogen fertilization for bud initiation and tiller growth on yield and quality of rice ratoon crop in central China[J]. Field Crops Research, 2021, 272: 108286.
[20]	缪乃耀. 氮素粒肥对水稻灌浆前期高温胁迫的缓解效应及其生理机制[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2016.
	Miao N Y. Nitrogen granular fertilizer alleviating rice early grain filling stage heat stress and its physiological mechanism[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2016. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]	沈炘垭, 李思宇, 刘立军. 氮素粒肥对长江中下游粳稻产量、氮肥利用率和品质的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2024, 38(8): 1585-1594.
	Sen X Y, Li S Y, Liu L J. Effects of grain nitrogen fertilizer on yield, nitrogen use efficiency and quality in japonica rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 38(8): 1585-1594. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]	林文雄, 翁佩莹, 林文芳, 邵彩虹, 郭春林, 李忠, 陈鸿飞, 陈婷. 中国机收再生稻研究现状与展望[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(3): 827-836.
	Lin W X, Weng P Y, Lin W F, Shao C H, Guo C L, Li Z, Chen H F, Chen T. Research status and prospect of ratoon rice in China under mechanically harvested condition[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(3): 827-836. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]	He A B, Wang W Q, Jiang G L, Sun H J, Jiang M, Man J, Cui K H, Huang J L, Peng S B, Nie L. Source-sink regulation and its effects on the regeneration ability of ratoon rice[J]. Field Crops Research, 2019, 236: 155-164.
[24]	朱庆森, 曹显祖, 骆亦其. 水稻籽粒灌浆的生长分析[J]. 作物学报, 1988, 14(3): 182-193.
	Zhu Q S, Cao X Z, Luo Y Q. Growth analysis on the process of grain filling in rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 1988, 14(3): 182-193. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]	孙晓辉, 田彦华, 任天举. 促芽肥对杂交稻培育再生稻效果研究[J]. 四川农业科技, 1982(3): 1-4+7.
	Sun X H, Tian Y H, Ren T J. Study on the effect of bud- promotion fertilizer on hybrid rice cultivation ratoon rice[J]. Sichuan Agricultural Science and Technology, 1982(3): 1-4+7. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]	高欠清, 任孝俭, 翟中兵, 郑普兵, 吴源芬, 崔克辉. 头季穗肥和促芽肥对再生稻再生芽生长及产量形成的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(4): 405-414.
	Gao Q Q, Ren X J, Zhai Z B, Zheng P B, Wu Y F, Cui K H. Effects of panicle and bud-promoting nitrogen fertilizer application on growth of regenerated bud and grain yield of ratoon rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2023, 37(4): 405-414. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]	Xu F X, Zhang L, Zhou X B, Guo X Y, Zhu Y C, Mao L, Xiong H, Jiang P. The ratoon rice system with high yield and high efficiency in China: Progress, trend of theory and technology[J]. Field Crops Research, 2021, 272: 108282.
[28]	Zhang Q, Liu X C, Yu G L, Wang H, Feng D Q, Zhao H Y, Liu L J. Agronomic and physiological characteristics of high-yielding ratoon rice varieties[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2021, 113(6): 5063-5075.
[29]	袁高华. 促芽肥和留桩高度对水稻再生芽生长及产量形成的影响[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2017.
	Yuan G H. Effect of bud-promoting fertilizer and main crop stubble height on growth of rice ratooning buds and ratooning yield formation[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2017. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[30]	Gebbing T, Schnyder H, Kühbauch W. The utilization of pre-anthesis reserves in grain filling of wheat. Assessment by steady-state ¹³ CO ₂ / ¹² CO ₂ labelling[J]. Plant, Cell & Environment, 1999, 22: 851-858.
[31]	王凯璐. 灌浆期增温和增施氮肥对稻米品质及淀粉理化性质的影响[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2021.
	Wang K L. Effects of warming and nitrogen application at grain filling stage on rice quality and physicochemical properties of starch[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2021. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[32]	Dou Z, Tang S, Li G H, Liu Z H, Ding C Q, Chen L, Wang S H, Ding Y F. Application of nitrogen fertilizer at heading stage improves rice quality under elevated temperature during grain-filling stage[J]. Crop Science, 2017, 57(4): 2183-2192.
[33]	沈泓, 姚栋萍, 吴俊, 罗秋红, 吴志鹏, 雷东阳, 邓启云, 柏斌. 灌浆期不同时段高温对稻米淀粉理化特性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(4): 377-387.
	Shen H, Yao D P, Wu J, Luo Q H, Wu Z P, Lei D Y, Deng Q Y, Bai B. Effects of high temperature in various phases of grain filling on rice starch physicochemical properties[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2022, 36(4): 377-387. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[34]	刘文哲. 开放式增温条件下氮素粒肥对水稻籽粒灌浆及品质的影响[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2019.
	Liu W Z. Effects of nitrogen granular fertilizer on rice grain filling and quality under open warming conditions[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2019. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[35]	杨建昌, 徐国伟, 仇明, 张文虎, 王志琴, 朱庆森. 新株型水稻生育特性及产量形成特点的研究[J]. 扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2002, 23(1): 45-50.
	Yang J C, Xu G W, Qiu M, Zhang W H, Wang Z Q, Zhu Q S. Growth and development characteristics and yield formation of new plant type rice[J]. Journal of Yangzhou University(Agricultural and Life Sciences Edition), 2002, 23(1): 45-50. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[36]	Fu J, Huang Z H, Wang Z Q, Yang J C, Zhang J H. Pre-anthesis non-structural carbohydrate reserve in the stem enhances the sink strength of inferior spikelets during grain filling of rice[J]. Field Crops Research, 2011, 123(2): 170-182.
[37]	Hu Q Q, Yan N, Cui K H, Li G H, Wang W C, Huang J L, Peng S B. Increased panicle nitrogen application improves rice yield by alleviating high-temperature damage during panicle initiation to anther development[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 2024, 176(2): e14230.
[38]	Liu K, Deng J, Lu J, Wang X Y, Lu B L, Tian X H, Zhang Y B. High nitrogen levels alleviate yield loss of super hybrid rice caused by high temperatures during the flowering stage[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019, 10: 357.
[39]	王军可, 王亚梁, 陈惠哲, 向镜, 张义凯, 朱德峰, 张玉屏. 灌浆初期高温影响水稻籽粒碳氮代谢的机理[J]. 中国农业气象, 2020, 41(12): 774-784.
	Wang J K, Wang Y L, Chen H Z, Xiang J, Zhang Y K, Zhu D F, Zhang Y P. Mechanism of high temperature affecting carbon and nitrogen metabolism of rice grain at the early stage of grain filling[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2020, 41(12): 774-784. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[40]	Dou Z, Tang S, Chen W Z, Zhang H X, Li G H, Liu Z H, Ding C Q, Wang S H, Zhang H C, Ding Y F. Effects of open-field warming during grain-filling stage on grain quality of two japonica rice cultivars in lower reaches of Yangtze River delta[J]. Journal of Cereal Science, 2018, 81: 118-126.
[41]	何丽萍. 利用双向导入系解析再生稻外观与蒸煮食味品质的遗传基础[D]. 荆州: 长江大学, 2022.
	He L P. Genetic dissection of appearance and cooking quality of ratooning rice by two sets of reciprocal introgression lines[D]. Jingzhou: Yangtze University, 2022. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[42]	Zhou T Y, Zhou Q, Li E P, Yuan L M, Wang W L, Zhang H, Liu L J, Wang Z Q, Yang J F, Gu J F. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on structure and physicochemical properties of ‘super’ rice starch[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2020, 239: 116237.
[43]	Shi S J, Zhang G Y, Chen L L, Zhang W H, Wang X D, Pan K Q, Li L N, Wang J, Liu J, Cao C G, Jiang Y. Different nitrogen fertilizer application in the field affects the morphology and structure of protein and starch in rice during cooking[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 163: 112193.
[44]	Zhao Y F, Ran X, Yin T Y, Guo H, Zhang X Y, Shen Y Y, Liu W Z, Ding Y F, Tang S. Nitrogen alleviated the deterioration of rice quality by affecting the accumulation of grain storage protein under elevated temperature[J]. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2022, 42(6): 3388-3404.
[45]	Wang X Q, Wang K L, Yin T Y, Zhao Y F, Liu W Z, Shen Y Y, Ding Y F, Tang S. Nitrogen fertilizer regulated grain storage protein synthesis and reduced chalkiness of rice under actual field warming[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2021, 12: 715436.
[46]	Tang S, Zhang H X, Liu W Z, Dou Z, Zhou Q Y, Chen W Z, Wang S H, Ding Y F. Nitrogen fertilizer at heading stage effectively compensates for the deterioration of rice quality by affecting the starch-related properties under elevated temperatures[J]. Food Chemistry, 2019, 277: 455-462.
[47]	余延丰, 张富林, 刘冬碧, 吴茂前, 张志毅, 夏颖, 范先鹏, 王玲, 肖依波, 肖国平. 氮肥用量和运筹方式对再生稻产量品质和氮肥利用率的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2022(12): 133-140.
	Yu Y F, Zhang F L, Liu D B, Wu M Q, Zhang Z Y, Xia Y, Fan X P, Wang L, Xiao Y B, Xiao G P. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application rate and strategy on yield, quality and nitrogen utilization of ratoon rice[J]. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2022(12): 133-140. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[48]	苏素苗, 戴志刚, 王敏羽, 王森, 王志宾, 余德芳, 李旭春, 李小坤. 氮肥运筹方式及催芽氮肥用量对再生稻产量及品质的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2022, 28(12): 2172-2184.
	Su S M, Dai Z G, Wang M Y, Wang S, Wang Z B, Yu D F, Li X C, Li X K. Effects of nitrogen application method and bud-promoting nitrogen fertilizer rate on yield and quality of ratoon rice[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(12): 2172-2184. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[49]	袁继超, 孙晓辉. 留桩节位与母叶对再生稻生长发育的影响[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 1996, 14(4): 523-528.
	Yuan J C, Sun X H. Effect of cutting node and leaves retained on the mother stem on rice ratooning[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 1996, 14(4): 523-528. (in Chinese with English abstract)

品种 Variety	促芽肥施用时期 Application time of bud- promoting fertilizer	促芽肥施用量 Application rate of bud- promoting fertilizer (kg/hm²)	头季产量 Main crop yield (t/hm²)	再生季产量 Ratoon crop yield (t/hm²)	周年产量 Annual yield (t/hm²)
两优6326	T1	N1	9.06 a	5.15 a	14.22 ab
Liangyou 6326	T1	N2	9.27 a	5.18 a	14.46 a
	T2	N1	9.15 a	5.47 a	14.61 a
	T2	N2	8.69 a	4.82 b	13.51 b
甬优4949	T1	N1	9.54 a	5.31 a	14.85 a
Yongyou 4949	T1	N2	9.46 a	4.92 bc	14.37 ab
	T2	N1	9.65 a	5.23 ab	14.88 a
	T2	N2	9.12 a	4.83 c	13.95 b
方差分析ANOVA
品种 Variety(V)			**	ns	*
促芽肥施用时期 Application time(T)			ns	ns	ns
促芽肥施用量Application rate(N)			ns	**	**
V×T			ns	ns	ns
V×N			ns	ns	ns
T×N			*	*	**
V×T×N			ns	*	ns

品种 Variety	促芽肥施用时期 Application time of bud- promoting fertilizer	促芽肥施用量 Application rate of bud- promoting fertilizer (kg/hm²)	头季产量 Main crop yield (t/hm²)	再生季产量 Ratoon crop yield (t/hm²)	周年产量 Annual yield (t/hm²)
两优6326	T1	N1	9.06 a	5.15 a	14.22 ab
Liangyou 6326	T1	N2	9.27 a	5.18 a	14.46 a
	T2	N1	9.15 a	5.47 a	14.61 a
	T2	N2	8.69 a	4.82 b	13.51 b
甬优4949	T1	N1	9.54 a	5.31 a	14.85 a
Yongyou 4949	T1	N2	9.46 a	4.92 bc	14.37 ab
	T2	N1	9.65 a	5.23 ab	14.88 a
	T2	N2	9.12 a	4.83 c	13.95 b
方差分析ANOVA
品种 Variety(V)			**	ns	*
促芽肥施用时期 Application time(T)			ns	ns	ns
促芽肥施用量Application rate(N)			ns	**	**
V×T			ns	ns	ns
V×N			ns	ns	ns
T×N			*	*	**
V×T×N			ns	*	ns

品种 Variety	促芽肥施用时期 Application time of bud-promoting fertilizer	促芽肥施用量 Application rate of bud-promoting fertilizer(kg/hm²)	有效穗数 Effective panicles per 1 m²	每穗颖花数 Spikelets per panicle	总颖花数 Total spikelets (×10³/m²)	结实率 Seed setting rate(%)	千粒重 1000-grain weight(g)
两优6326 Liangyou 6326	T1	N1	280.05 a	144.10 b	40.28 a	78.25 a	26.40 a
	T1	N2	251.92 b	167.52 ab	42.14 a	78.12 a	26.98 a
	T2	N1	243.06 b	162.88 ab	39.51 a	77.18 ab	26.33 a
	T2	N2	204.38 c	170.20 a	38.07 a	75.60 b	26.15 a
甬优4949 Yongyou 4949	T1	N1	221.90 a	264.05 a	56.59 a	77.28 a	19.68 a
	T1	N2	219.44 a	243.84 a	53.55 ab	77.36 a	19.74 a
	T2	N1	210.42 a	225.74 a	47.49 b	73.20 b	20.18 a
	T2	N2	201.39 a	241.68 a	48.29 b	71.69 b	20.17 a
方差分析ANOVA
品种 Variety(V)			**	**	**	**	**
促芽肥施用时期 Application time(T)			**	**	ns	**	ns
促芽肥施用量Application rate(N)			*	ns	ns	ns	ns
V×T			ns	ns	ns	ns	*
V×N			ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
T×N			ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
V×T×N			ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

品种 Variety	促芽肥施用时期 Application time of bud-promoting fertilizer	促芽肥施用量 Application rate of bud-promoting fertilizer(kg/hm²)	有效穗数 Effective panicles per 1 m²	每穗颖花数 Spikelets per panicle	总颖花数 Total spikelets (×10³/m²)	结实率 Seed setting rate(%)	千粒重 1000-grain weight(g)
两优6326 Liangyou 6326	T1	N1	280.05 a	144.10 b	40.28 a	78.25 a	26.40 a
	T1	N2	251.92 b	167.52 ab	42.14 a	78.12 a	26.98 a
	T2	N1	243.06 b	162.88 ab	39.51 a	77.18 ab	26.33 a
	T2	N2	204.38 c	170.20 a	38.07 a	75.60 b	26.15 a
甬优4949 Yongyou 4949	T1	N1	221.90 a	264.05 a	56.59 a	77.28 a	19.68 a
	T1	N2	219.44 a	243.84 a	53.55 ab	77.36 a	19.74 a
	T2	N1	210.42 a	225.74 a	47.49 b	73.20 b	20.18 a
	T2	N2	201.39 a	241.68 a	48.29 b	71.69 b	20.17 a
方差分析ANOVA
品种 Variety(V)			**	**	**	**	**
促芽肥施用时期 Application time(T)			**	**	ns	**	ns
促芽肥施用量Application rate(N)			*	ns	ns	ns	ns
V×T			ns	ns	ns	ns	*
V×N			ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
T×N			ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
V×T×N			ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

品种 Variety		促芽肥施用量 Application rate of bud- promoting fertilizer (kg/hm²)	有效穗数 Effective panicles per 1 m²	每穗颖花数 Spikelet per panicle	总颖花数 Total spikelets (No.×10³/m²)	结实率 Seed setting rate(%)	千粒重 1000-grain weight(g)
两优6326 Liangyou 6326	T1	N1	384.72 a	79.22 a	30.51 ab	77.27 a	24.60 a
	T1	N2	357.64 ab	75.30 a	26.78 b	70.40 b	24.70 a
	T2	N1	380.56 a	90.15 a	34.21 a	75.71 ab	24.86 a
	T2	N2	327.08 b	93.07 a	30.29 ab	74.89 ab	24.63 a
甬优4949 Yongyou 4949	T1	N1	336.11 a	100.01 a	33.26 a	79.16 a	20.16 a
	T1	N2	298.61 ab	109.58 a	33.13 a	72.95 ab	20.49 a
	T2	N1	330.56 a	115.09 a	38.11 a	67.98 b	19.95 a
	T2	N2	232.64 b	121.11 a	28.36 a	68.78 b	20.31 a
方差分析ANOVA
品种 Variety(V)			**	**	ns	ns	**
促芽肥施用时期 Application time(T)			*	*	ns	*	ns
促芽肥施用量 Application rate(N)			*	ns	ns	*	ns
V×T			ns	ns	ns	**	ns
V×N			ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
T×N			ns	ns	ns	*	ns
V×T×N			ns	ns	ns	ns	ns