水稻对砷的吸收与转运机理及农艺阻控策略

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2025.240402

中国水稻科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 143-155.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2025.240402

• 综述与专论 • 下一篇

水稻对砷的吸收与转运机理及农艺阻控策略

吴金水¹^,^#, 唐江英¹^,^#, 谭立¹, 过志强¹, 杨娟¹, 张鑫臻¹, 陈桂芳¹, 王建龙¹^,²^,^*(), 施婉菊¹^,²^,^*()

¹湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410128
²湖南省镉低积累水稻工程技术研究中心/湖南金健种业科技有限公司, 长沙 410126

收稿日期:2024-04-03 修回日期:2024-05-15 出版日期:2025-03-10 发布日期:2025-03-19
通讯作者: * email: wjl9678@126.com; swanju@126.com
作者简介:
^#共同第一作者
基金资助:
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(CARS-01-66)

Mechanisms of Arsenic Uptake and Transport in Rice and Agronomic Mitigation Strategies

WU Jinshui¹^,^#, TANG Jiangying¹^,^#, TAN Li¹, GUO Zhiqiang¹, YANG Juan¹, ZHANG Xinzhen¹, CHEN Guifang¹, WANG Jianlong¹^,²^,^*(), SHI Wanju¹^,²^,^*()

¹College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
²Hunan Cadmium Low Accumulation Rice Engineering Research Center/ Hunan Jinjian Seed Industry Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410126, China

Received:2024-04-03 Revised:2024-05-15 Online:2025-03-10 Published:2025-03-19
Contact: * email: wjl9678@126.com; swanju@126.com
About author:
^#These authors contributed equally to this work

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，土壤中的砷污染问题日益严重。砷不仅对水稻的产量和品质产生负面影响，还通过食物链进入人体，严重威胁人类健康。因此，减少水稻中砷的积累已成为保障粮食质量安全和促进水稻产业发展亟待解决的问题。深入研究水稻对砷的吸收、转运与积累机制，并积极探索减少砷累积的农艺栽培措施，是解决稻米砷超标的有效途径。本文概述了水稻根部对土壤中不同形态砷的吸收及其在水稻植株内的转运与积累的生理及分子机制。从水稻品种、土壤理化性质、土壤养分和微生物等方面阐述了影响水稻砷吸收和积累的因素，并从水分和养分管理两方面重点概述了栽培措施对减少水稻砷吸收和积累的调控作用及机理。结合现有研究成果，对未来水稻砷污染防治的研究方向进行了展望，旨在为减少水稻籽粒砷含量的研究提供参考。

关键词: 水稻, 砷, 吸收, 积累, 农艺措施

Abstract:

In recent years, the issue of arsenic contamination in soils has become increasingly severe. Arsenic not only negatively impacts the yield and quality of rice, but also enters the human body through the food chain, posing a serious threat to human health. Therefore, reducing arsenic accumulation in rice has become an urgent problem in order to ensure food safety and promote the development of the rice industry. In-depth research into the mechanisms of arsenic uptake, translocation, and accumulation in rice, along with the active exploration of agronomic cultivation measures to reduce arsenic accumulation, represents an effective approach to addressing excessive arsenic levels in rice grains. This paper provides an overview of the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the uptake of different forms of arsenic from soil by rice roots, as well as its translocation and accumulation within rice plants. Factors influencing arsenic uptake and accumulation in rice, such as rice varieties, soil physicochemical properties, soil nutrients, and microorganisms, are discussed. Additionally, the regulatory effects and mechanisms of cultivation practices, particularly water and nutrient management, on reducing arsenic uptake and accumulation in rice are highlighted. Building on existing research findings, future directions for arsenic pollution prevention and control in rice are proposed, aiming to provide a reference for studies focused on reducing arsenic content in rice grains.

Key words: rice, arsenic, absorption, accumulation, agronomic management

吴金水, 唐江英, 谭立, 过志强, 杨娟, 张鑫臻, 陈桂芳, 王建龙, 施婉菊. 水稻对砷的吸收与转运机理及农艺阻控策略[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2025, 39(2): 143-155.

WU Jinshui, TANG Jiangying, TAN Li, GUO Zhiqiang, YANG Juan, ZHANG Xinzhen, CHEN Guifang, WANG Jianlong, SHI Wanju. Mechanisms of Arsenic Uptake and Transport in Rice and Agronomic Mitigation Strategies[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2025, 39(2): 143-155.

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基因名称 Gene name	类别 Category	亚细胞定位 Subcellular localization	主要表达部位 Main expression site	生物学功能 Biological function	参考文献Reference
OsNIP1;1	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、地上部分 Root and shoot	抑制As（III）转运 Inhibit As(III) transport	[30]
OsLsi1 (OsNIP2;1)	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As(III)吸收及DMA、MMA吸收与转运 Promote absorption and transport of As(III), DMA, and MMA	[15,25]
OsLsi2 (OsAT2)	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、节 Root and node	促进As（III）转运 Promote As(III) transport	[29]
OsLsi6 (OsNIP2;2)	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	叶、穗 Leaf and panicle	促进As（III）吸收 Promote As(III) absorption	[34]
OsNIP3;1	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、地上部分 Root and shoot	抑制As(III)装载进入木质部 Inhibit loading of As(III) into xylem	[34]
OsNIP3;2	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	侧根 Lateral root	促进侧根吸收As（III） Promote lateral root absorption of As(III)	[16]
OsNIP3;3	质膜内在蛋白 Integral plasma membrane protein	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	抑制As(III)装载进入木质部 Inhibit loading of As(III) into xylem	[30]
OsPIP2;4	质膜内在蛋白 Integral plasma membrane protein	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	调节As（III）的吸收与外排 Regulate absorption and efflux of As(III)	[17]
OsPIP2;6	质膜内在蛋白 Integral plasma membrane protein	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	调节As（III）的吸收与外排 Regulate absorption and efflux of As(III)	[17]
OsPIP2;7	磷酸盐转运蛋白 Phosphate transporter	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	调节As（III）的吸收与外排 Regulate absorption and efflux of As(III)	[17]
OsPT1 (OsPht1;1)	磷酸盐转运蛋白 Phosphate transporter	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As（V）吸收和转运 Promote Absorption and transport of As(V)	[20,37]
OsPT4 (OsPht1;4)	磷酸盐转运蛋白 Phosphate transporter	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As（V）吸收和转运Promote Absorption and transport of As(V)	[20,38]
OsPT8 (OsPht1;8)	ABC转运蛋白 ABC transporter	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、叶、节 Root, leaf, and node	促进As（V）吸收和转运 Promote absorption and transport of As(V)	[24,39]
OsABCC1	MYB转录因子 MYB transcription factor	液泡膜 Tonoplast	节 Node	抑制As转运 Inhibit As Transport	[33]
OsARM1	谷氧还蛋白 Glutaredoxin	细胞核、细胞质膜 Nucleus and plasma membrane	叶、根 Leaf and root	抑制As（III）转运 Inhibit As(III) Transport	[34]
OsGrx_C7	NRAMP	细胞核 Cell nucleus	根 Root	抑制As（III）转运 Inhibit As(III) transport	[31]
OsNRAMP1	编码砷酸还原酶 Encoding arsenate reductase	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As（III）转运 Promote As(III) transport	[27]
OsHAC1;1	编码砷酸还原酶 Encoding arsenate reductase	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As(V)还原成As（III） Promote reduction of As(V) to As(III)	[35]
OsHAC1;2	编码砷酸还原酶 Encoding arsenate reductase	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As(V)还原成As（III） Promote reduction of As(V) to As(III)	[35]
OsHAC4	MATE	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As(V)还原成As（III），减少As(III)外排 Promote reduction of As(V) to As(III) and reduce As(III) efflux	[36]
OsMATE2	WRKY	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、生殖器官Root and reproductive organ	促进As（V）的运输 Promote transport of As(V)	[41]
OsWRKY28	肽转运蛋白 Peptide transporter	细胞核 Cell nucleus	根 Root	促进As（V）的运输 Promote transport of As(V)	[40]
OsPTR7 (OsNPF8;1)	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、地上部分 Root and shoot	促进DMA 转运 Promote DMA transport	[44]

基因名称 Gene name	类别 Category	亚细胞定位 Subcellular localization	主要表达部位 Main expression site	生物学功能 Biological function	参考文献Reference
OsNIP1;1	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、地上部分 Root and shoot	抑制As（III）转运 Inhibit As(III) transport	[30]
OsLsi1 (OsNIP2;1)	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As(III)吸收及DMA、MMA吸收与转运 Promote absorption and transport of As(III), DMA, and MMA	[15,25]
OsLsi2 (OsAT2)	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、节 Root and node	促进As（III）转运 Promote As(III) transport	[29]
OsLsi6 (OsNIP2;2)	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	叶、穗 Leaf and panicle	促进As（III）吸收 Promote As(III) absorption	[34]
OsNIP3;1	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、地上部分 Root and shoot	抑制As(III)装载进入木质部 Inhibit loading of As(III) into xylem	[34]
OsNIP3;2	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	侧根 Lateral root	促进侧根吸收As（III） Promote lateral root absorption of As(III)	[16]
OsNIP3;3	质膜内在蛋白 Integral plasma membrane protein	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	抑制As(III)装载进入木质部 Inhibit loading of As(III) into xylem	[30]
OsPIP2;4	质膜内在蛋白 Integral plasma membrane protein	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	调节As（III）的吸收与外排 Regulate absorption and efflux of As(III)	[17]
OsPIP2;6	质膜内在蛋白 Integral plasma membrane protein	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	调节As（III）的吸收与外排 Regulate absorption and efflux of As(III)	[17]
OsPIP2;7	磷酸盐转运蛋白 Phosphate transporter	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	调节As（III）的吸收与外排 Regulate absorption and efflux of As(III)	[17]
OsPT1 (OsPht1;1)	磷酸盐转运蛋白 Phosphate transporter	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As（V）吸收和转运 Promote Absorption and transport of As(V)	[20,37]
OsPT4 (OsPht1;4)	磷酸盐转运蛋白 Phosphate transporter	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As（V）吸收和转运Promote Absorption and transport of As(V)	[20,38]
OsPT8 (OsPht1;8)	ABC转运蛋白 ABC transporter	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、叶、节 Root, leaf, and node	促进As（V）吸收和转运 Promote absorption and transport of As(V)	[24,39]
OsABCC1	MYB转录因子 MYB transcription factor	液泡膜 Tonoplast	节 Node	抑制As转运 Inhibit As Transport	[33]
OsARM1	谷氧还蛋白 Glutaredoxin	细胞核、细胞质膜 Nucleus and plasma membrane	叶、根 Leaf and root	抑制As（III）转运 Inhibit As(III) Transport	[34]
OsGrx_C7	NRAMP	细胞核 Cell nucleus	根 Root	抑制As（III）转运 Inhibit As(III) transport	[31]
OsNRAMP1	编码砷酸还原酶 Encoding arsenate reductase	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As（III）转运 Promote As(III) transport	[27]
OsHAC1;1	编码砷酸还原酶 Encoding arsenate reductase	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As(V)还原成As（III） Promote reduction of As(V) to As(III)	[35]
OsHAC1;2	编码砷酸还原酶 Encoding arsenate reductase	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As(V)还原成As（III） Promote reduction of As(V) to As(III)	[35]
OsHAC4	MATE	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根 Root	促进As(V)还原成As（III），减少As(III)外排 Promote reduction of As(V) to As(III) and reduce As(III) efflux	[36]
OsMATE2	WRKY	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、生殖器官Root and reproductive organ	促进As（V）的运输 Promote transport of As(V)	[41]
OsWRKY28	肽转运蛋白 Peptide transporter	细胞核 Cell nucleus	根 Root	促进As（V）的运输 Promote transport of As(V)	[40]
OsPTR7 (OsNPF8;1)	水通道蛋白 Aquaporin	细胞质膜 Cell plasma membrane	根、地上部分 Root and shoot	促进DMA 转运 Promote DMA transport	[44]

水稻对砷的吸收与转运机理及农艺阻控策略

Mechanisms of Arsenic Uptake and Transport in Rice and Agronomic Mitigation Strategies

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