中国水稻科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 617-628.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.210509
闫浩亮, 王松, 王雪艳, 党程成, 周梦, 郝蓉蓉, 田小海*()
收稿日期:
2021-05-09
修回日期:
2021-07-11
出版日期:
2021-11-10
发布日期:
2021-11-10
通讯作者:
田小海
基金资助:
Haoliang YAN, Song WANG, Xueyan WANG, Chengcheng DANG, Meng ZHOU, Rongrong HAO, Xiaohai TIAN*()
Received:
2021-05-09
Revised:
2021-07-11
Online:
2021-11-10
Published:
2021-11-10
Contact:
Xiaohai TIAN
摘要:
【目的】随着全球气候变暖的加剧,灌浆期高温逼熟对水稻产量和品质的威胁日趋严重,明确水稻不同耐热性品种对灌浆期高温逼熟的反应及其与气象因子间的关系,对提高优质稻栽培和育种水平意义重大。【方法】对48个不同类型的水稻品种分4期进行大田播种,使各品种在灌浆期经历不同气象条件,探讨其主要产量、品质性状表现及其与气象因子的关系。【结果】多数品种粒重和品质指标在播期间差异显著;根据各指标变异系数和指标间相关性,确定千粒重、整精米率和垩白度等作为水稻品种灌浆期响应气象条件的主要农艺学指标;而气象因子中,日平均温度、相对湿度和日照时数为主要影响指标。采用隶属函数值对品种进行分类,感性品种千粒重、整精米率和垩白度的平均差异分别比耐性品种大1.98 g、30.02%和19.81%。进一步分析隶属函数值随日平均气温、相对湿度和日照时数的分布发现,齐穗后1–15 d日平均气温≥28℃、相对湿度≤84%、日照时数6~10 h时品种间耐性差异最大。【结论】垩白度、整精米率和千粒重可作为品种对高温逼熟响应的代表性农艺学指标;田间形成高温逼熟危害的气象条件是以温湿度为主导的综合气象条件,齐穗后1–15 d日平均气温≥28℃、平均相对湿度≤84%和日照时数≥6.5 h时,品种间耐性差异最大,是田间高温逼熟耐性筛选和鉴定的适宜气象条件。
闫浩亮, 王松, 王雪艳, 党程成, 周梦, 郝蓉蓉, 田小海. 不同水稻品种在高温逼熟下的表现及其与气象因子的关系[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2021, 35(6): 617-628.
Haoliang YAN, Song WANG, Xueyan WANG, Chengcheng DANG, Meng ZHOU, Rongrong HAO, Xiaohai TIAN. Performance of Different Rice Varieties Under High Temperature and Its Relationship with Field Meteorological Factors[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2021, 35(6): 617-628.
品种编号 No. | 名称 Name | 类型 Type | 来源地 Origin | 品种编号 No. | 名称 Name | 类型 Type | 来源地 Origin | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
V01 | 两优6号Liangyou 6 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V25 | CR 579-1-3::IRGC 45443-2 | 不详Unknown | 不详Unknown | |
V02 | 两优9168 Liangyou 9186 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V26 | WAS 170-B-B-1-1::C1-G1 | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V03 | 两优27 Liangyou 27 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V27 | IR 13429-109-2-2-1::IRGC63491-1-1 | 籼稻indica | 菲律宾PH | |
V04 | 株两优47 Zhuliangyou 47 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V28 | M 203::IRGC 76309-1-1 | 温带粳稻1) | 美国USA | |
V05 | 5113S/R6 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V29 | P1790-5-1M-4-5M-1B-3M-B | 籼稻indica | 哥伦比亚Columbia | |
V06 | 隆平A/R078 Longping A/R078 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V30 | 圭630 Gui 630 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | |
V07 | 5113S/RC18 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V31 | 特青选系Teqingxuanxi | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V08 | 9802S/RC18 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V32 | IR58025B | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V09 | 618S/R6 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V33 | BG304 | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V10 | 5113S/R2741 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V34 | P59279 | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V11 | 隆平A/R2741 LongpingA/R2741 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V35 | Pokhreli | 不详Unknown | 不详Unknown | |
V12 | 五丰A/Z55 Wufeng A/Z55 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V36 | MR39 | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V13 | 五丰A/R067 Wufeng A/R067 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V37 | DEVARASI::IRGC 16173-1 | Centrum-Aus | 尼泊尔Nepal | |
V14 | 岳4A/R067 Yue 4A/R067 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V38 | 77 UPLA::GERVEX 159-C1-G1 | 粳稻japonica | 不详Unknown | |
V15 | 100A/R067 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V39 | RPC 12::GERVEX 1505-C1-G1 | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V16 | R6 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V40 | AN NAN ZAO::IRGC 72576-1 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | |
V17 | R168 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V41 | 171::IRGC 29004-1 | Centrum-Aus | 孟加拉国BAN | |
V18 | R078 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V42 | UPRH 166::IRGC 61615-1 | Centrum-Aus | 印度尼西亚INA | |
V19 | RC27 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V43 | IBO 400::GERVEX 943-C1-G1 | 温带粳稻1) | 不详Unknown | |
V20 | WD-16343 | 不详Unknown | 不详Unknown | V44 | BARI SUTAR::IRGC 52410-1 | Centrum-Aus | 印度尼西亚INA | |
V21 | IR64 | 籼稻indica | 菲律宾PH | V45 | I 814::IRGC 76028-1 | 籼稻indica | 尼泊尔Nepal | |
V22 | 广陆矮15 Guangluai 15 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V46 | LAL MOTI::IRGC 82168-1 | Centrum-Aus | 孟加拉国BAN | |
V23 | E ZI 110::IRGC 70201-1 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V47 | SLO 19::IRGC 35157-1 | Centrum-Aus | 印度尼西亚INA | |
V24 | MURGI BRINJ::IRGC 73109-1 籼稻indica | 巴基斯坦PK | V48 | CALENDAL::GERVEX 1516-C1-G1 | 温带粳稻1) | 不详Unknown |
表1 水稻品种(材料)的类型和来源地
Table 1 Types and origin of rice varieties (materials).
品种编号 No. | 名称 Name | 类型 Type | 来源地 Origin | 品种编号 No. | 名称 Name | 类型 Type | 来源地 Origin | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
V01 | 两优6号Liangyou 6 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V25 | CR 579-1-3::IRGC 45443-2 | 不详Unknown | 不详Unknown | |
V02 | 两优9168 Liangyou 9186 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V26 | WAS 170-B-B-1-1::C1-G1 | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V03 | 两优27 Liangyou 27 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V27 | IR 13429-109-2-2-1::IRGC63491-1-1 | 籼稻indica | 菲律宾PH | |
V04 | 株两优47 Zhuliangyou 47 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V28 | M 203::IRGC 76309-1-1 | 温带粳稻1) | 美国USA | |
V05 | 5113S/R6 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V29 | P1790-5-1M-4-5M-1B-3M-B | 籼稻indica | 哥伦比亚Columbia | |
V06 | 隆平A/R078 Longping A/R078 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V30 | 圭630 Gui 630 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | |
V07 | 5113S/RC18 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V31 | 特青选系Teqingxuanxi | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V08 | 9802S/RC18 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V32 | IR58025B | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V09 | 618S/R6 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V33 | BG304 | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V10 | 5113S/R2741 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V34 | P59279 | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V11 | 隆平A/R2741 LongpingA/R2741 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V35 | Pokhreli | 不详Unknown | 不详Unknown | |
V12 | 五丰A/Z55 Wufeng A/Z55 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V36 | MR39 | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V13 | 五丰A/R067 Wufeng A/R067 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V37 | DEVARASI::IRGC 16173-1 | Centrum-Aus | 尼泊尔Nepal | |
V14 | 岳4A/R067 Yue 4A/R067 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V38 | 77 UPLA::GERVEX 159-C1-G1 | 粳稻japonica | 不详Unknown | |
V15 | 100A/R067 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V39 | RPC 12::GERVEX 1505-C1-G1 | 籼稻indica | 不详Unknown | |
V16 | R6 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V40 | AN NAN ZAO::IRGC 72576-1 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | |
V17 | R168 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V41 | 171::IRGC 29004-1 | Centrum-Aus | 孟加拉国BAN | |
V18 | R078 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V42 | UPRH 166::IRGC 61615-1 | Centrum-Aus | 印度尼西亚INA | |
V19 | RC27 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V43 | IBO 400::GERVEX 943-C1-G1 | 温带粳稻1) | 不详Unknown | |
V20 | WD-16343 | 不详Unknown | 不详Unknown | V44 | BARI SUTAR::IRGC 52410-1 | Centrum-Aus | 印度尼西亚INA | |
V21 | IR64 | 籼稻indica | 菲律宾PH | V45 | I 814::IRGC 76028-1 | 籼稻indica | 尼泊尔Nepal | |
V22 | 广陆矮15 Guangluai 15 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V46 | LAL MOTI::IRGC 82168-1 | Centrum-Aus | 孟加拉国BAN | |
V23 | E ZI 110::IRGC 70201-1 | 籼稻indica | 中国China | V47 | SLO 19::IRGC 35157-1 | Centrum-Aus | 印度尼西亚INA | |
V24 | MURGI BRINJ::IRGC 73109-1 籼稻indica | 巴基斯坦PK | V48 | CALENDAL::GERVEX 1516-C1-G1 | 温带粳稻1) | 不详Unknown |
品种 Variety | 第1期 First sowing date | 第2期 Second sowing date | 第3期 Third sowing date | 第4期 Fourth sowing date |
---|---|---|---|---|
V01-V22 | 04-08 | 04-18 | 04-28 | 05-08 |
V23-V48 | 04-18 | 04-28 | 05-08 | 05-18 |
表2 播种日期设计
Table 2 Sowing date.
品种 Variety | 第1期 First sowing date | 第2期 Second sowing date | 第3期 Third sowing date | 第4期 Fourth sowing date |
---|---|---|---|---|
V01-V22 | 04-08 | 04-18 | 04-28 | 05-08 |
V23-V48 | 04-18 | 04-28 | 05-08 | 05-18 |
图1 抽穗灌浆期的日最高气温(Tmax)、平均气温(Tmean)、最低气温(Tmin)、最大风速(WSmax)、平均风速(WSmean)和日齐穗品种数(A)、日平均湿度(RHmean)、最小湿度(RHmin)、日照时数和降水量(B)
Fig. 1. Daily maximum temperature (Tmax), mean temperature (Tmean), minimum temperature (Tmin), maximum wind speed (WSmax), mean wind speed (WSmean), number of full heading varieties (A) and daily mean humidity (RHmean), minimum humidity (RHmin), sunshine duration and rainfall (B) at heading and grain filling stages.
品种Variety | 千粒重1000-grain weight | 糙米率Brown rice rate | 精米率Milled rice rate | 整精米率Head rice rate | 垩白粒率Chalky rice rate | 垩白度Chalkiness degree | 粒长Grain length | 粒宽Grain width | 长/宽Length/ Width | 平均值Average |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
V01 | 3.40 | 1.10 | 2.96 | 4.81 | 42.29 | 55.45 | 1.25 | 0.63 | 1.46 | 12.59 |
V02 | 2.56 | 2.12 | 3.61 | 6.48 | 9.90 | 9.79 | 4.18 | 2.66 | 1.64 | 4.77 |
V03 | 0.86 | 1.02 | 0.31 | 0.67 | 34.33 | 41.51 | 2.84 | 0.69 | 3.40 | 9.51 |
V04 | 3.38 | 1.74 | 5.37 | 8.98 | 43.16 | 45.35 | 4.58 | 2.84 | 1.72 | 13.01 |
V05 | 6.16 | 1.01 | 3.16 | 10.68 | 28.55 | 29.67 | 3.12 | 2.16 | 1.41 | 9.55 |
V06 | 2.09 | 0.73 | 2.57 | 7.14 | 19.99 | 13.21 | 0.82 | 2.51 | 2.99 | 5.78 |
V07 | 2.01 | 0.55 | 0.26 | 2.21 | 24.79 | 31.35 | 1.03 | 1.66 | 2.69 | 7.40 |
V08 | 2.98 | 1.74 | 2.84 | 4.63 | 29.13 | 35.82 | 1.74 | 2.36 | 2.87 | 9.35 |
V09 | 4.55 | 1.62 | 3.37 | 5.20 | 26.29 | 31.49 | 4.55 | 1.18 | 3.32 | 9.06 |
V10 | 3.79 | 3.70 | 2.78 | 7.73 | 16.11 | 18.89 | 1.81 | 1.46 | 1.89 | 6.46 |
V11 | 0.49 | 2.54 | 2.35 | 2.41 | 17.42 | 18.22 | 2.78 | 2.77 | 4.65 | 5.96 |
V12 | 1.73 | 0.60 | 0.61 | 4.24 | 40.45 | 46.09 | 3.03 | 1.12 | 3.70 | 11.29 |
V13 | 2.27 | 1.22 | 3.43 | 9.10 | 14.32 | 10.75 | 1.11 | 0.37 | 1.25 | 4.87 |
V14 | 4.74 | 1.11 | 1.66 | 7.20 | 20.28 | 34.34 | 2.56 | 0.44 | 2.15 | 8.28 |
V15 | 3.54 | 3.71 | 4.58 | 9.85 | 24.18 | 23.05 | 2.42 | 2.63 | 1.46 | 8.38 |
V16 | 4.11 | 5.26 | 5.66 | 5.39 | 24.89 | 36.93 | 3.01 | 2.00 | 4.32 | 10.17 |
V17 | 8.34 | 8.14 | 11.01 | 22.84 | 36.33 | 43.68 | 6.15 | 0.44 | 5.70 | 15.85 |
V18 | 5.53 | 4.69 | 5.94 | 11.86 | 18.95 | 24.58 | 0.72 | 0.39 | 0.50 | 8.13 |
V19 | 5.21 | 1.88 | 1.55 | 3.79 | 6.61 | 19.38 | 2.64 | 3.35 | 0.79 | 5.02 |
V20 | 4.00 | 1.54 | 3.54 | 6.16 | 37.33 | 52.86 | 1.80 | 0.73 | 2.01 | 12.22 |
V21 | 1.15 | 0.99 | 1.71 | 1.84 | 17.53 | 29.54 | 2.85 | 1.68 | 1.99 | 6.59 |
V22 | 4.96 | 1.07 | 2.48 | 6.55 | 3.30 | 20.40 | 3.50 | 1.34 | 2.33 | 5.10 |
V23 | 5.33 | 1.75 | 5.20 | 9.61 | 3.25 | 12.60 | 1.08 | 1.89 | 1.22 | 4.66 |
V24 | 1.83 | 1.63 | 1.40 | 71.59 | 76.56 | 71.50 | 2.02 | 1.25 | 1.35 | 25.46 |
V25 | 1.99 | 1.44 | 4.52 | 9.30 | 61.01 | 85.46 | 5.07 | 2.98 | 7.62 | 19.93 |
V26 | 1.69 | 1.51 | 2.92 | 7.34 | 12.43 | 20.25 | 1.14 | 1.46 | 2.02 | 5.64 |
V27 | 3.35 | 1.53 | 2.62 | 10.56 | 31.96 | 24.81 | 1.76 | 1.51 | 3.18 | 9.03 |
V28 | 3.39 | 0.92 | 0.82 | 23.45 | 88.89 | 107.05 | 1.14 | 1.31 | 1.74 | 25.41 |
V29 | 8.38 | 1.23 | 1.96 | 26.29 | 46.55 | 52.58 | 0.96 | 0.14 | 1.09 | 15.47 |
V30 | 2.35 | 3.07 | 3.81 | 42.82 | 30.74 | 41.98 | 0.93 | 1.35 | 0.93 | 14.22 |
V31 | 2.84 | 3.86 | 7.75 | 50.34 | 23.16 | 36.93 | 2.02 | 1.74 | 2.62 | 14.58 |
V32 | 3.51 | 1.64 | 2.18 | 60.94 | 36.82 | 61.67 | 3.06 | 2.76 | 4.84 | 19.71 |
V33 | 1.81 | 1.24 | 2.24 | 38.69 | 16.78 | 24.41 | 2.17 | 0.04 | 2.18 | 9.95 |
V34 | 3.31 | 3.38 | 7.01 | 20.95 | 6.54 | 23.81 | 2.38 | 1.26 | 2.77 | 7.93 |
V35 | 4.27 | 2.39 | 3.65 | 21.21 | 46.55 | 48.38 | 3.53 | 2.08 | 2.68 | 14.97 |
V36 | 5.37 | 2.18 | 2.67 | 46.88 | 61.43 | 67.91 | 2.56 | 1.67 | 3.99 | 21.63 |
V37 | 2.58 | 1.91 | 0.31 | 26.18 | 26.73 | 40.79 | 1.35 | 2.35 | 1.56 | 11.53 |
V38 | 2.84 | 3.05 | 8.61 | 31.47 | 69.56 | 87.24 | 3.68 | 3.23 | 6.44 | 24.01 |
V39 | 3.41 | 4.78 | 8.35 | 9.48 | 18.68 | 33.33 | 1.81 | 1.80 | 3.51 | 9.46 |
V40 | 7.64 | 3.73 | 9.77 | 17.89 | 3.71 | 7.80 | 5.63 | 3.06 | 3.43 | 6.96 |
V41 | 4.37 | 1.73 | 9.43 | 17.26 | 17.28 | 24.54 | 2.40 | 3.38 | 1.79 | 9.13 |
V42 | 2.43 | 1.16 | 5.17 | 45.84 | 41.50 | 32.19 | 2.20 | 2.59 | 1.30 | 14.93 |
V43 | 4.97 | 1.77 | 3.71 | 46.36 | 25.23 | 37.06 | 3.76 | 6.93 | 3.83 | 14.85 |
V44 | 2.86 | 1.67 | 3.31 | 3.19 | 67.93 | 58.77 | 4.18 | 3.73 | 2.45 | 16.45 |
V45 | 2.94 | 0.41 | 1.96 | 19.26 | 1.24 | 10.29 | 0.82 | 1.51 | 1.61 | 4.45 |
V46 | 11.41 | 2.71 | 1.41 | 12.41 | 42.66 | 41.59 | 11.90 | 1.63 | 13.25 | 15.44 |
V47 | 5.47 | 1.54 | 1.25 | 14.87 | 41.44 | 32.06 | 1.63 | 1.88 | 1.62 | 11.31 |
V48 | 4.55 | 7.05 | 10.18 | 64.94 | 50.91 | 63.71 | 2.60 | 3.76 | 1.72 | 23.27 |
Mean | 3.81 | 2.24 | 3.83 | 18.73 | 30.95 | 37.94 | 2.71 | 1.93 | 2.81 | 11.66 |
表3 各品种粒重和品质指标在播期间的变异系数
Table 3 Coefficients of variation of grain weight and quality of each variety. %
品种Variety | 千粒重1000-grain weight | 糙米率Brown rice rate | 精米率Milled rice rate | 整精米率Head rice rate | 垩白粒率Chalky rice rate | 垩白度Chalkiness degree | 粒长Grain length | 粒宽Grain width | 长/宽Length/ Width | 平均值Average |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
V01 | 3.40 | 1.10 | 2.96 | 4.81 | 42.29 | 55.45 | 1.25 | 0.63 | 1.46 | 12.59 |
V02 | 2.56 | 2.12 | 3.61 | 6.48 | 9.90 | 9.79 | 4.18 | 2.66 | 1.64 | 4.77 |
V03 | 0.86 | 1.02 | 0.31 | 0.67 | 34.33 | 41.51 | 2.84 | 0.69 | 3.40 | 9.51 |
V04 | 3.38 | 1.74 | 5.37 | 8.98 | 43.16 | 45.35 | 4.58 | 2.84 | 1.72 | 13.01 |
V05 | 6.16 | 1.01 | 3.16 | 10.68 | 28.55 | 29.67 | 3.12 | 2.16 | 1.41 | 9.55 |
V06 | 2.09 | 0.73 | 2.57 | 7.14 | 19.99 | 13.21 | 0.82 | 2.51 | 2.99 | 5.78 |
V07 | 2.01 | 0.55 | 0.26 | 2.21 | 24.79 | 31.35 | 1.03 | 1.66 | 2.69 | 7.40 |
V08 | 2.98 | 1.74 | 2.84 | 4.63 | 29.13 | 35.82 | 1.74 | 2.36 | 2.87 | 9.35 |
V09 | 4.55 | 1.62 | 3.37 | 5.20 | 26.29 | 31.49 | 4.55 | 1.18 | 3.32 | 9.06 |
V10 | 3.79 | 3.70 | 2.78 | 7.73 | 16.11 | 18.89 | 1.81 | 1.46 | 1.89 | 6.46 |
V11 | 0.49 | 2.54 | 2.35 | 2.41 | 17.42 | 18.22 | 2.78 | 2.77 | 4.65 | 5.96 |
V12 | 1.73 | 0.60 | 0.61 | 4.24 | 40.45 | 46.09 | 3.03 | 1.12 | 3.70 | 11.29 |
V13 | 2.27 | 1.22 | 3.43 | 9.10 | 14.32 | 10.75 | 1.11 | 0.37 | 1.25 | 4.87 |
V14 | 4.74 | 1.11 | 1.66 | 7.20 | 20.28 | 34.34 | 2.56 | 0.44 | 2.15 | 8.28 |
V15 | 3.54 | 3.71 | 4.58 | 9.85 | 24.18 | 23.05 | 2.42 | 2.63 | 1.46 | 8.38 |
V16 | 4.11 | 5.26 | 5.66 | 5.39 | 24.89 | 36.93 | 3.01 | 2.00 | 4.32 | 10.17 |
V17 | 8.34 | 8.14 | 11.01 | 22.84 | 36.33 | 43.68 | 6.15 | 0.44 | 5.70 | 15.85 |
V18 | 5.53 | 4.69 | 5.94 | 11.86 | 18.95 | 24.58 | 0.72 | 0.39 | 0.50 | 8.13 |
V19 | 5.21 | 1.88 | 1.55 | 3.79 | 6.61 | 19.38 | 2.64 | 3.35 | 0.79 | 5.02 |
V20 | 4.00 | 1.54 | 3.54 | 6.16 | 37.33 | 52.86 | 1.80 | 0.73 | 2.01 | 12.22 |
V21 | 1.15 | 0.99 | 1.71 | 1.84 | 17.53 | 29.54 | 2.85 | 1.68 | 1.99 | 6.59 |
V22 | 4.96 | 1.07 | 2.48 | 6.55 | 3.30 | 20.40 | 3.50 | 1.34 | 2.33 | 5.10 |
V23 | 5.33 | 1.75 | 5.20 | 9.61 | 3.25 | 12.60 | 1.08 | 1.89 | 1.22 | 4.66 |
V24 | 1.83 | 1.63 | 1.40 | 71.59 | 76.56 | 71.50 | 2.02 | 1.25 | 1.35 | 25.46 |
V25 | 1.99 | 1.44 | 4.52 | 9.30 | 61.01 | 85.46 | 5.07 | 2.98 | 7.62 | 19.93 |
V26 | 1.69 | 1.51 | 2.92 | 7.34 | 12.43 | 20.25 | 1.14 | 1.46 | 2.02 | 5.64 |
V27 | 3.35 | 1.53 | 2.62 | 10.56 | 31.96 | 24.81 | 1.76 | 1.51 | 3.18 | 9.03 |
V28 | 3.39 | 0.92 | 0.82 | 23.45 | 88.89 | 107.05 | 1.14 | 1.31 | 1.74 | 25.41 |
V29 | 8.38 | 1.23 | 1.96 | 26.29 | 46.55 | 52.58 | 0.96 | 0.14 | 1.09 | 15.47 |
V30 | 2.35 | 3.07 | 3.81 | 42.82 | 30.74 | 41.98 | 0.93 | 1.35 | 0.93 | 14.22 |
V31 | 2.84 | 3.86 | 7.75 | 50.34 | 23.16 | 36.93 | 2.02 | 1.74 | 2.62 | 14.58 |
V32 | 3.51 | 1.64 | 2.18 | 60.94 | 36.82 | 61.67 | 3.06 | 2.76 | 4.84 | 19.71 |
V33 | 1.81 | 1.24 | 2.24 | 38.69 | 16.78 | 24.41 | 2.17 | 0.04 | 2.18 | 9.95 |
V34 | 3.31 | 3.38 | 7.01 | 20.95 | 6.54 | 23.81 | 2.38 | 1.26 | 2.77 | 7.93 |
V35 | 4.27 | 2.39 | 3.65 | 21.21 | 46.55 | 48.38 | 3.53 | 2.08 | 2.68 | 14.97 |
V36 | 5.37 | 2.18 | 2.67 | 46.88 | 61.43 | 67.91 | 2.56 | 1.67 | 3.99 | 21.63 |
V37 | 2.58 | 1.91 | 0.31 | 26.18 | 26.73 | 40.79 | 1.35 | 2.35 | 1.56 | 11.53 |
V38 | 2.84 | 3.05 | 8.61 | 31.47 | 69.56 | 87.24 | 3.68 | 3.23 | 6.44 | 24.01 |
V39 | 3.41 | 4.78 | 8.35 | 9.48 | 18.68 | 33.33 | 1.81 | 1.80 | 3.51 | 9.46 |
V40 | 7.64 | 3.73 | 9.77 | 17.89 | 3.71 | 7.80 | 5.63 | 3.06 | 3.43 | 6.96 |
V41 | 4.37 | 1.73 | 9.43 | 17.26 | 17.28 | 24.54 | 2.40 | 3.38 | 1.79 | 9.13 |
V42 | 2.43 | 1.16 | 5.17 | 45.84 | 41.50 | 32.19 | 2.20 | 2.59 | 1.30 | 14.93 |
V43 | 4.97 | 1.77 | 3.71 | 46.36 | 25.23 | 37.06 | 3.76 | 6.93 | 3.83 | 14.85 |
V44 | 2.86 | 1.67 | 3.31 | 3.19 | 67.93 | 58.77 | 4.18 | 3.73 | 2.45 | 16.45 |
V45 | 2.94 | 0.41 | 1.96 | 19.26 | 1.24 | 10.29 | 0.82 | 1.51 | 1.61 | 4.45 |
V46 | 11.41 | 2.71 | 1.41 | 12.41 | 42.66 | 41.59 | 11.90 | 1.63 | 13.25 | 15.44 |
V47 | 5.47 | 1.54 | 1.25 | 14.87 | 41.44 | 32.06 | 1.63 | 1.88 | 1.62 | 11.31 |
V48 | 4.55 | 7.05 | 10.18 | 64.94 | 50.91 | 63.71 | 2.60 | 3.76 | 1.72 | 23.27 |
Mean | 3.81 | 2.24 | 3.83 | 18.73 | 30.95 | 37.94 | 2.71 | 1.93 | 2.81 | 11.66 |
性状 Character | 千粒重 1000-grain weight | 糙米率 Brown rice rate | 精米率 Milled rice rate | 整精米率 Head rice rate | 垩白粒率 Chalky rice rate | 垩白度 Chalkiness | 粒长 Grain length | 粒宽 Grain width | 长/宽 Grain length/width |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
千粒重 1000-grain weight | 1.000 | ||||||||
糙米率 Brown rice rate | 0.488 | 1.000 | |||||||
精米率 Milled rice rate | 0.534 | 0.772** | 1.000 | ||||||
整精米率 Head rice rate | 0.405 | 0.437 | 0.493 | 1.000 | |||||
垩白粒率 Chalky rice rate | 0.377 | 0.260** | 0.425 | 0.394 | 1.000 | ||||
垩白度Chalkiness | 0.398 | 0.303 | 0.536 | 0.409 | 0.853** | 1.000 | |||
粒长Grain length | 0.420 | 0.302 | 0.273** | 0.178* | 0.281** | 0.243** | 1.000 | ||
粒宽Grain width | 0.133 | 0.180* | 0.227** | 0.094 | -0.044 | 0.057 | 0.217** | 1.000 | |
长宽比Grain length/width | 0.236 | 0.168* | 0.141 | 0.166* | 0.263** | 0.186* | 0.794** | -0.243** | 1.000 |
表4 粒重和品质指标间的相关系数
Table 4 Correlation coefficients between stress indexes for grain weight and quality.
性状 Character | 千粒重 1000-grain weight | 糙米率 Brown rice rate | 精米率 Milled rice rate | 整精米率 Head rice rate | 垩白粒率 Chalky rice rate | 垩白度 Chalkiness | 粒长 Grain length | 粒宽 Grain width | 长/宽 Grain length/width |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
千粒重 1000-grain weight | 1.000 | ||||||||
糙米率 Brown rice rate | 0.488 | 1.000 | |||||||
精米率 Milled rice rate | 0.534 | 0.772** | 1.000 | ||||||
整精米率 Head rice rate | 0.405 | 0.437 | 0.493 | 1.000 | |||||
垩白粒率 Chalky rice rate | 0.377 | 0.260** | 0.425 | 0.394 | 1.000 | ||||
垩白度Chalkiness | 0.398 | 0.303 | 0.536 | 0.409 | 0.853** | 1.000 | |||
粒长Grain length | 0.420 | 0.302 | 0.273** | 0.178* | 0.281** | 0.243** | 1.000 | ||
粒宽Grain width | 0.133 | 0.180* | 0.227** | 0.094 | -0.044 | 0.057 | 0.217** | 1.000 | |
长宽比Grain length/width | 0.236 | 0.168* | 0.141 | 0.166* | 0.263** | 0.186* | 0.794** | -0.243** | 1.000 |
图2 粒重和品质指标胁迫指数与不同时段气象因子间的相关性
Fig. 2. Correlation between stress indices of grain weight and quality and meteorological factors in grain filling periods.
图3 气象参数主成分分析(A)及第1和第2主成分与各性状胁迫指数的相关性(B)
Fig. 3. Principal component analysis of meteorological parameters (A), correlation between the first and second principal components and stress indexes (B).
参数 Parameter | 品种类型 Type | 千粒重Grain weight | 整精米率Head rice rate | 垩白度Chalkiness | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
平均值 Mean | 最小值 Min. | 最大值 Max. | 平均值 Mean | 最小值 Min. | 最大值 Max. | 平均值 Mean | 最小值 Min. | 最大值 Max. | ||||
耐性指数 SI | 敏感型Sensitive | 0.88 | 0.86 | 0.90 | 0.27 | 0.17 | 0.40 | 0.61 | 0.51 | 0.70 | ||
中间型 Intermediate | 0.94 | 0.90 | 0.97 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 0.82 | 0.83 | 0.72 | 0.89 | |||
耐性 Tolerant | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 0.90 | 0.84 | 0.99 | 0.95 | 0.90 | 0.99 | |||
极差 Range | 敏感型Sensitive | 2.72 | 2.11 | 3.92 | 37.92 | 26.77 | 49.20 | 25.67 | 12.33 | 39.73 | ||
中间型 Intermediate | 1.49 | 1.05 | 1.91 | 18.70 | 6.35 | 55.86 | 14.53 | 9.63 | 22.95 | |||
耐性 Tolerant | 0.75 | 0.23 | 1.02 | 5.87 | 0.80 | 9.61 | 4.82 | 0.85 | 8.02 |
表5 不同类型品种千粒重、整精米率和垩白度的耐性指数和极差
Table 5 Stress index and range of grain weight, head rice rate and chalkiness.
参数 Parameter | 品种类型 Type | 千粒重Grain weight | 整精米率Head rice rate | 垩白度Chalkiness | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
平均值 Mean | 最小值 Min. | 最大值 Max. | 平均值 Mean | 最小值 Min. | 最大值 Max. | 平均值 Mean | 最小值 Min. | 最大值 Max. | ||||
耐性指数 SI | 敏感型Sensitive | 0.88 | 0.86 | 0.90 | 0.27 | 0.17 | 0.40 | 0.61 | 0.51 | 0.70 | ||
中间型 Intermediate | 0.94 | 0.90 | 0.97 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 0.82 | 0.83 | 0.72 | 0.89 | |||
耐性 Tolerant | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 0.90 | 0.84 | 0.99 | 0.95 | 0.90 | 0.99 | |||
极差 Range | 敏感型Sensitive | 2.72 | 2.11 | 3.92 | 37.92 | 26.77 | 49.20 | 25.67 | 12.33 | 39.73 | ||
中间型 Intermediate | 1.49 | 1.05 | 1.91 | 18.70 | 6.35 | 55.86 | 14.53 | 9.63 | 22.95 | |||
耐性 Tolerant | 0.75 | 0.23 | 1.02 | 5.87 | 0.80 | 9.61 | 4.82 | 0.85 | 8.02 |
图5 品种隶属函数值的变异系数与灌浆前15 d的平均气温(A)、平均湿度(B)和日照时数(C)的关系
Fig. 5. Relationship between the coefficients of variation of membership function value of grain weight, head rice rate and chalkiness and the average temperature(A), average humidity(B), and sunshine hours(C) during 1-15 d after heading.
图4 不同类型品种的千粒重(A、D、G)、整精米率(B、E、H)和垩白度(G、H、I)的隶属函数值(MFVs)与灌浆前15 d的平均气温、平均湿度和日照时数的关系各隶属函数值的取值范围均为(0, 1],值越接近0表示受环境影响越大。
Fig. 4. Relationship between the membership function values (MFVs) of 1000-grain weight (A, D, G), head rice rate (B, E, H) and chalkiness (G, H, I) and the average temperature, average humidity and sunshine hours in 1-15 d after heading. The value range of each membership function value of each indices is (0, 1], and the closer the value is to 0, the greater environmental impact is.
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