赤霉素与多效唑协同影响超级稻甬优12产量形成的作用途径分析

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2016.4209

中国水稻科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 53-61.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2016.4209

赤霉素与多效唑协同影响超级稻甬优12产量形成的作用途径分析

杨雪芹, 陈婷婷, 赵霞, 张彩霞, 杨永杰, 符冠富, 陶龙兴^*()

中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室, 杭州 310006;

收稿日期:2014-11-26 修回日期:2015-05-18 出版日期:2016-01-10 发布日期:2016-01-10
通讯作者: 陶龙兴
作者简介:
# 共同第一作者;
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31501264.31101116);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LQ15C130003);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203029);国家水稻产业体系项目(CARS-01-27);比尔和梅琳达盖茨基金资助项目;中央级公益性科研院所专项资金资助项目(2014RG004-4)

Mechanism Behind the Effects of GA₃and PP₃₃₃ on Grain Yield Formation of Super Rice Yongyou 12

Xue-qin YANG, Ting-ting CHEN, Xia ZHAO, Cai-xia ZHANG, Yong-jie YANG, Guan-fu FU, Long-xing TAO^*()

State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China;

Received:2014-11-26 Revised:2015-05-18 Online:2016-01-10 Published:2016-01-10
Contact: Long-xing TAO
About author:
# These authors contributed equally to this work;

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以超级稻甬优12为材料,于水稻抽穗后3 d喷施3.2%赤霉素·多效唑(俗名粒粒饱,LLB),分析3.2%赤霉素·多效唑对超级稻甬优12产量形成的影响,并探讨其作用途径。研究表明,3.2%赤霉素·多效唑可在一定程度上提高水稻产量,2012-2013年的实际产量比对照(CK)分别高4.41%和4.31%,理论产量比对照分别高9.21%和6.26%。结实率和千粒重的增加是3.2%赤霉素·多效唑提高超级稻甬优12产量的主要因素。3.2%赤霉素·多效唑处理的结实率分别比对照高9.94%(2012年)和4.46%(2013年),而柱头花粉粒萌发率的提高是结实率增加的主要原因,因为和对照相比,3.2%赤霉素·多效唑处理对水稻花粉粒育性及柱头花粉粒数的影响不大,处理间差异不显著,但其柱头花粉萌发率显著高于对照。与对照相比,3.2%赤霉素·多效唑处理的千粒重分别增加0.39 g(2012年)和0.46 g(2013年),尤其弱势粒,其粒重增幅明显大于强势粒。此外,研究还表明,3.2%赤霉素·多效唑处理的剑叶叶绿素含量、光合速率及叶片比叶重在籽粒灌浆后期高于对照,而其籽粒和叶片可溶性糖含量比值低于对照,表明3.2%赤霉素·多效唑不仅可延缓叶片衰老,还可以促进光合同化物(可溶性糖)向籽粒转运。

关键词: 3.2%赤霉素·多效唑, 超级稻, 产量, 结实率, 千粒重

Abstract:

In order to improve spikelet fertility and grain weight of inferior spikelets in super rice, 3.2%GA₃·PP₃₃₃ (Lilibao,LLB) were sprayed on super rice Yongyou 12 three days after heading. We investigated the effect of LLB on grain yield and the underlying mechanisms. The results indicated that LLB increased the grain yield by 4.41% and 4.31% in 2012 and 2013, respectively compared to corresponding controls, while the theoretical yield showed 9.21% and 6.26% increment. This may be ascribed to increased seed-setting rate and grain weight under LLB treatment compared with the control. It had been observed that there was no significant difference in pollen viability and pollen numbers on stigma between the LLB treatment and control, while the LLB treatment significantly increased the pollen germination on stigma, which was responsible for the improvement in seed-setting rate. Additionally, the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and specific leaf weight of flag leaf in the LLB treatment were higher, while the ratios of soluble sugar content in leaf to grain were lower than those of the control in the late grain filling period, indicating that LLB could not only delay the leaf senescence but also promote transportation of assimilates to grains.

Key words: 3.2%GA3·PP333, super rice, grain yield, spikelet fertility, 1000-grain weight

中图分类号:

杨雪芹, 陈婷婷, 赵霞, 张彩霞, 杨永杰, 符冠富, 陶龙兴. 赤霉素与多效唑协同影响超级稻甬优12产量形成的作用途径分析[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2016, 30(1): 53-61.

Xue-qin YANG, Ting-ting CHEN, Xia ZHAO, Cai-xia ZHANG, Yong-jie YANG, Guan-fu FU, Long-xing TAO. Mechanism Behind the Effects of GA₃and PP₃₃₃ on Grain Yield Formation of Super Rice Yongyou 12[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2016, 30(1): 53-61.

图/表 7

表1 3.2%赤霉素·多效唑对超级稻甬优12产量及其构成的影响

Table 1 Effect of 3.2%GA3·PP333 on the grain yield and its components in super rice Yongyou 12.

年份 Years	处理 Treatments	单位面积穗数 Panicle number (×10⁶·hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Grain number per panicle	结实率 Seed-setting rate/%	千粒重 1000-grain weight/g	理论产量 Theoretical grain yield /(t·hm^-2)	实际产量 Actual grain yield /( t·hm^-2)
2012	对照CK	1.56±0.134 a	456.36±29.88 a	71.75±1.68 b	21.06±0.35 a	10.75±0.56 b	11.19±0.04 b
	LLB	1.51±0.081 a	444.00±17.28 b	81.69±2.20 a	21.45±0.21 a	11.74±0.38 a	11.68±0.09 a
2013	对照CK	1.71±0.053 a	440.02±0.90 b	78.59±1.87 b	21.13±0.15 b	12.47±0.43 b	11.60±0.18 b
	LLB	1.55±0.092 a	476.89±23.77 a	83.23±1.15 a	21.62±0.08 a	13.25±0.03 a	12.10±0.11 a

图1 3.2%赤霉素·多效唑对水稻花粉粒育性(A、D、H)、柱头花粉粒数(B、E、I)及柱头花粉萌发率(C、F、J)的影响柱上相同小写字母者表示在P=0.05水平上差异不显著(最小值显著差法,n=30)。

Fig. 1. Effect of 3.2% GA3·PP333 (LLB) on the pollen viability (A,D,H), pollen numbers on the stigma (B,E,I) and pollen germination rate on the stigma (C,F,J) of rice. The same lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant difference at 0.05 level(by LSD, n=30).

图2 3.2%赤霉素·多效唑对甬优12籽粒灌浆动态(A)及灌浆速率(B)的影响

Fig. 2. Effect of 3.2%GA3·PP333(LLB) on the grain-filling dynamics (A) and grain-filling rate (B) in rice.

表2 3.2%赤霉素·多效唑对超级稻甬优12籽粒灌浆参数的影响

Table 2 Effect of 3.2%GA3·PP333(LLB) on the grain filling parameters of rice.

粒位 Grain position	处理 Treatments	A	b	k	m	R²
强势粒Superior grain	对照CK	21.92	2.29	0.29	1.24	0.9900
	LLB	22.32	0.94	0.24	0.84	0.9818
弱势粒Inferior grain	对照CK	18.98	1.06	0.18	0.53	0.9584
	LLB	19.89	2.49	0.20	1.06	0.9669

图3 3.2%赤霉素·多效唑对水稻剑叶叶绿素含量(A)、光合速率(B)及叶片比叶重(C)的影响

Fig. 3. Effect of 3.2%GA3·PP333(LLB) on the chlorophyll content(A), net photosynthetic rate(B) and specific leaf weight(C) flag leaf in rice.

图4 3.2%赤霉素·多效唑对水稻剑叶和籽粒可溶性糖含量及其比值的影响 S/F表示强势粒与剑叶可溶性糖含量的比值; I/F表示弱势粒与剑叶可溶性糖含量的比值。

Fig. 4. Effect of 3.2%GA3·PP333 (LLB) on soluble sugar contents in flag leaf and grains of rice. S/F, The ratio of soluble sugar concents in flag leaf to those in superier grains; I/F, The ratio of soluble sugar contents in flag leaf to those in inferier grains.

图5 3.2%赤霉素·多效唑对水稻干物质积累及收获指数的影响

Fig. 5. Effect of 3.2%GA3·PP333(LLB) on the dry matter accumulation and harvest index of rice.

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赤霉素与多效唑协同影响超级稻甬优12产量形成的作用途径分析

Mechanism Behind the Effects of GA₃and PP₃₃₃ on Grain Yield Formation of Super Rice Yongyou 12

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赤霉素与多效唑协同影响超级稻甬优12产量形成的作用途径分析

Mechanism Behind the Effects of GA3 and PP333 on Grain Yield Formation of Super Rice Yongyou 12

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Mechanism Behind the Effects of GA₃and PP₃₃₃ on Grain Yield Formation of Super Rice Yongyou 12