Chinese Journal OF Rice Science ›› 2019, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 553-564.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2019.9061
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Zhenghong ZHAO1,2,*(), Li DAI2, Jianliang HUANG3, Xiaohua PAN4, Aiqing YOU5, Quanzhi ZHAO6, Guanghui CHEN1, Zheng ZHOU2, Wenbin HU2, Long JI7
Received:
2019-06-03
Revised:
2019-08-04
Online:
2019-11-10
Published:
2019-11-10
Contact:
Zhenghong ZHAO
赵正洪1,2,*(), 戴力2, 黄见良3, 潘晓华4, 游艾青5, 赵全志6, 陈光辉1, 周政2, 胡文彬2, 纪龙7
通讯作者:
赵正洪
基金资助:
CLC Number:
Zhenghong ZHAO, Li DAI, Jianliang HUANG, Xiaohua PAN, Aiqing YOU, Quanzhi ZHAO, Guanghui CHEN, Zheng ZHOU, Wenbin HU, Long JI. Status, Problems and Solutions in Rice Industry Development in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2019, 33(6): 553-564.
赵正洪, 戴力, 黄见良, 潘晓华, 游艾青, 赵全志, 陈光辉, 周政, 胡文彬, 纪龙. 长江中游稻区水稻产业发展现状、问题与建议[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2019, 33(6): 553-564.
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URL: http://www.ricesci.cn/EN/10.16819/j.1001-7216.2019.9061
地区Area | 调查样本量 Survey sample size | 种植面积Planting area / hm2 | 比上年变化率 Change rate as compared to the last year/% | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | 2018 | 2019年意向 Intended planting area in 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | |||
湖南 Hunan Province | 28县317户 317 families in 28 counties | 16 050.3 | 15 307.8 | 14 867.5 | -4.63 | -2.88 | |
江西 Jiangxi Province | 6县56户56 families in 6 counties | 2 370.8 | 2 352.1 | 2 283.1 | -0.79 | -2.93 | |
河南 Henan Province | 3县31户31 families in 3 counties | 1 567.1 | 1 832.5 | 1 907.3 | 16.94 | 4.08 | |
湖北 Hubei Province | 2县22户22 families in 2 counties | 477.0 | 478.0 | 553.7 | 0.21 | 15.84 | |
长江中游稻区 the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River | 39县426户 426 families in 39 counties | 20 465.1 | 19 970.4 | 19 611.5 | -2.42 | -1.80 |
Table 1 Production Condition of Rice in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River.
地区Area | 调查样本量 Survey sample size | 种植面积Planting area / hm2 | 比上年变化率 Change rate as compared to the last year/% | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | 2018 | 2019年意向 Intended planting area in 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | |||
湖南 Hunan Province | 28县317户 317 families in 28 counties | 16 050.3 | 15 307.8 | 14 867.5 | -4.63 | -2.88 | |
江西 Jiangxi Province | 6县56户56 families in 6 counties | 2 370.8 | 2 352.1 | 2 283.1 | -0.79 | -2.93 | |
河南 Henan Province | 3县31户31 families in 3 counties | 1 567.1 | 1 832.5 | 1 907.3 | 16.94 | 4.08 | |
湖北 Hubei Province | 2县22户22 families in 2 counties | 477.0 | 478.0 | 553.7 | 0.21 | 15.84 | |
长江中游稻区 the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River | 39县426户 426 families in 39 counties | 20 465.1 | 19 970.4 | 19 611.5 | -2.42 | -1.80 |
地区Area | 稻谷总产 Total output of grain/t | 已销售稻谷Sold grain amount/t | 销售率 Selling rate until November/% | 销售价格 Rice price /(Yuan∙kg-1) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 2017 | |||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 普通稻Common rice | 优质稻High-quality rice | 普通稻 Common rice | 优质稻High-quality rice | |||||
湖南1)Hunan Province1) | 126 089.2 | 108 184.5 | 85.8 | 99.6 | 2.18 | 2.64 | 2.48 | 2.70 | ||
江西Jiangxi Province | 20 750.9 | 18 089.9 | 87.2 | 100.0 | 2.32 | 2.98 | 2.48 | 2.94 | ||
河南Henan Province | 16 283.2 | 7 630.1 | 46.9 | - | 2.32 | 2.32 | ||||
湖北Hubei Province | 4 198.7 | 3 822.7 | 91.0 | 94.9 | 2.40 | 2.60 | ||||
长江中游稻区 the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River | 167 322.0 | 137 727.2 | 82.3 | 98.22) | 2.30 | 2.80 | 2.48 | 2.82 |
Table 2 Sales condition of rice grain in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in 2018.
地区Area | 稻谷总产 Total output of grain/t | 已销售稻谷Sold grain amount/t | 销售率 Selling rate until November/% | 销售价格 Rice price /(Yuan∙kg-1) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 2017 | |||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 普通稻Common rice | 优质稻High-quality rice | 普通稻 Common rice | 优质稻High-quality rice | |||||
湖南1)Hunan Province1) | 126 089.2 | 108 184.5 | 85.8 | 99.6 | 2.18 | 2.64 | 2.48 | 2.70 | ||
江西Jiangxi Province | 20 750.9 | 18 089.9 | 87.2 | 100.0 | 2.32 | 2.98 | 2.48 | 2.94 | ||
河南Henan Province | 16 283.2 | 7 630.1 | 46.9 | - | 2.32 | 2.32 | ||||
湖北Hubei Province | 4 198.7 | 3 822.7 | 91.0 | 94.9 | 2.40 | 2.60 | ||||
长江中游稻区 the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River | 167 322.0 | 137 727.2 | 82.3 | 98.22) | 2.30 | 2.80 | 2.48 | 2.82 |
地区Area | 总成本 Total cost/(Yuan∙hm-2) | 人工成本Labor cost /(Yuan∙person-1 d-1) | 土地租金Land rent /(Yuan∙hm-2) | 投入品尿素价格 Urea price/(Yuan∙t-1) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | 2018 | 2017 | 2018 | 2017 | 2018 | 2017 | 2018 | ||||
湖南Hunan Province | 14101.5 | 14640 | 133.2 | 137.8 | 4672.5 | 4740.0 | 2014 | 2120 | |||
江西Jiangxi Province | 16341.0 | 16851 | 128.9 | 141.6 | 6906.0 | 6937.5 | 1970 | 2222 | |||
河南Henan Province | 13284.0 | 14154 | 105.5 | 117.6 | 4647.0 | 4965.0 | 38081) | 41881) | |||
湖北Hubei Province | 10036.5 | 10755 | 134.1 | 147.5 | 5379.0 | 5791.5 | 1754 | 1988 | |||
长江中游稻区 the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River | 13441.5 | 14100 | 125.4 | 136.1 | 5401.5 | 5608.5 | 19122) | 21102) |
Table 3 Cost of rice grain production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River.
地区Area | 总成本 Total cost/(Yuan∙hm-2) | 人工成本Labor cost /(Yuan∙person-1 d-1) | 土地租金Land rent /(Yuan∙hm-2) | 投入品尿素价格 Urea price/(Yuan∙t-1) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | 2018 | 2017 | 2018 | 2017 | 2018 | 2017 | 2018 | ||||
湖南Hunan Province | 14101.5 | 14640 | 133.2 | 137.8 | 4672.5 | 4740.0 | 2014 | 2120 | |||
江西Jiangxi Province | 16341.0 | 16851 | 128.9 | 141.6 | 6906.0 | 6937.5 | 1970 | 2222 | |||
河南Henan Province | 13284.0 | 14154 | 105.5 | 117.6 | 4647.0 | 4965.0 | 38081) | 41881) | |||
湖北Hubei Province | 10036.5 | 10755 | 134.1 | 147.5 | 5379.0 | 5791.5 | 1754 | 1988 | |||
长江中游稻区 the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River | 13441.5 | 14100 | 125.4 | 136.1 | 5401.5 | 5608.5 | 19122) | 21102) |
年份 Year | 开工 天数Working days/d | 产能Capacity / (×104 t) | 收购量Purchasing amount | 优质稻 High quality rice | 普通稻 Common rice | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交稻 Hybrid rice / (×104 t) | 常规稻 Conventional rice / (×104 t) | 稻谷收购量Purchasing amount /(×104 t) | 稻谷收购价Purchasing price / (Yuan∙t-1) | 稻米批发价Wholesale price of rice /(Yuan∙t-1) | 稻谷收购量Purchasing amount /(×104 t) | 稻谷收购价Purchasing price /(Yuan∙t-1) | 稻米批发价Wholesale price of rice /(Yuan∙t-1) | |||
2017 | 231.0 | 178.33 | 79.77 | 36.57 | 137.87 | 2795.2 | 6079.5 | 59.8 | 2551.3 | 4184.8 |
2018 | 243.5 | 183.56 | 72.94 | 37.96 | 76.80 | 2749.0 | 5986.7 | 45.2 | 2406.8 | 3992.1 |
差值 Change | 12.5 | 5.23 | -6.83 | 1.39 | -61.07 | -46.2 | -92.8 | -14.6 | -144.5 | -192.7 |
变化率 5.4 Rate of change% | 2.90 | -8.60 | 3.80 | -44.30 | -1.7 | -1.5 | -24.5 | -5.7 | -4.6 |
Table 4 Rice grain purchasing condition of 38 rice processing enterprises in Hunan Province.
年份 Year | 开工 天数Working days/d | 产能Capacity / (×104 t) | 收购量Purchasing amount | 优质稻 High quality rice | 普通稻 Common rice | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交稻 Hybrid rice / (×104 t) | 常规稻 Conventional rice / (×104 t) | 稻谷收购量Purchasing amount /(×104 t) | 稻谷收购价Purchasing price / (Yuan∙t-1) | 稻米批发价Wholesale price of rice /(Yuan∙t-1) | 稻谷收购量Purchasing amount /(×104 t) | 稻谷收购价Purchasing price /(Yuan∙t-1) | 稻米批发价Wholesale price of rice /(Yuan∙t-1) | |||
2017 | 231.0 | 178.33 | 79.77 | 36.57 | 137.87 | 2795.2 | 6079.5 | 59.8 | 2551.3 | 4184.8 |
2018 | 243.5 | 183.56 | 72.94 | 37.96 | 76.80 | 2749.0 | 5986.7 | 45.2 | 2406.8 | 3992.1 |
差值 Change | 12.5 | 5.23 | -6.83 | 1.39 | -61.07 | -46.2 | -92.8 | -14.6 | -144.5 | -192.7 |
变化率 5.4 Rate of change% | 2.90 | -8.60 | 3.80 | -44.30 | -1.7 | -1.5 | -24.5 | -5.7 | -4.6 |
调查样本 Survey sample size | 种植面积 Rice planting area / (×104 hm2) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | 2018 | 优质稻 High quality rice | 普通稻Common rice | 常规稻Conventional rice | 杂交稻 Hybrid rice | 籼稻 indica rice | 粳稻 japonica rice | ||
湖南全省 The whole Hunan Province | 404.9 | 382.6 | 268.9 | 113.7 | 122.6 | 260.0 | 381.9 | 0.7 | |
江西全省 The whole Jiangxi Province | 330.5 | 323.4 | 59.1 | 264.3 | 156.7 | 166.7 | 320.7 | 2.7 | |
湖南25县25 counties in Hunan Province | |||||||||
2017 | 153.0 | - | 94.4 | 58.8 | 45.4 | 108.1 | 152.4 | 0.9 | |
2018 | - | 147.6 | 94.5 | 52.9 | 44.2 | 103.3 | 147.1 | 0.5 | |
江西8县Eight counties in Jiangxi Province PvPProProvince | 65.5 | 64.9 | 33.3 | 31.4 | 29.5 | 35.1 | 64.1 | 0.8 | |
河南4县Four counties in Henan Province | - | 18.7 | 16.7 | 2.0 | 3.7 | 15.0 | 14.9 | 3.8 | |
湖北4县Four counties in Hubei Province | 16.8 | 19.6 | 15.1 | 4.0 | 12.6 | 7.0 | 18.7 | 0.9 | |
长江中游稻区41县 41 counties in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River | 235.41) | 250.91) | 159.6 | 90.2 | 90.1 | 160.5 | 244.8 | 6.1 |
Table 5 Cultivars planting structure condition of rice in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River.
调查样本 Survey sample size | 种植面积 Rice planting area / (×104 hm2) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | 2018 | 优质稻 High quality rice | 普通稻Common rice | 常规稻Conventional rice | 杂交稻 Hybrid rice | 籼稻 indica rice | 粳稻 japonica rice | ||
湖南全省 The whole Hunan Province | 404.9 | 382.6 | 268.9 | 113.7 | 122.6 | 260.0 | 381.9 | 0.7 | |
江西全省 The whole Jiangxi Province | 330.5 | 323.4 | 59.1 | 264.3 | 156.7 | 166.7 | 320.7 | 2.7 | |
湖南25县25 counties in Hunan Province | |||||||||
2017 | 153.0 | - | 94.4 | 58.8 | 45.4 | 108.1 | 152.4 | 0.9 | |
2018 | - | 147.6 | 94.5 | 52.9 | 44.2 | 103.3 | 147.1 | 0.5 | |
江西8县Eight counties in Jiangxi Province PvPProProvince | 65.5 | 64.9 | 33.3 | 31.4 | 29.5 | 35.1 | 64.1 | 0.8 | |
河南4县Four counties in Henan Province | - | 18.7 | 16.7 | 2.0 | 3.7 | 15.0 | 14.9 | 3.8 | |
湖北4县Four counties in Hubei Province | 16.8 | 19.6 | 15.1 | 4.0 | 12.6 | 7.0 | 18.7 | 0.9 | |
长江中游稻区41县 41 counties in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River | 235.41) | 250.91) | 159.6 | 90.2 | 90.1 | 160.5 | 244.8 | 6.1 |
地区Area | 移栽技术应用面积 Areas of different transplanting technologies/(×104 hm2) | 绿色高质高效技术模式应用面积 Areas of different technology modes/(×104 hm2) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
机插秧 Mechanical- transplanted | 机直播 Mechanical- direct seeding | 人工直播 Artificial direct seeding | 手插Artificial transplanting | 抛秧Broad- casting | 再生稻Ratoon rice | 稻渔Rice-fish culture | 稻鸭Rice-duck culture | 稻经 Rice and industrial crop rotation | 其他Others | ||
湖南全省The whole Hunan | 121.34 | 13.33 | 20.00 | 80.00 | 147.94 | 8.00 | 23.33 | 1.33 | 133.34 | 0.00 | |
江西全省The whole Jiangxi | 26.10 | 0.83 | 57.73 | 65.39 | 173.36 | 3.19 | 6.13 | 1.53 | 1.14 | 0.10 | |
湖南2017 Hunan 2017 | 31.95 | 9.49 | 23.95 | 38.38 | 49.23 | 2.81 | 4.93 | 1.27 | 11.61 | 19.17 | |
湖南2018 Hunan 2018 | 33.60 | 8.72 | 22.83 | 34.87 | 47.58 | 3.66 | 6.67 | 1.78 | 12.69 | 19.91 | |
江西Jiangxi | 30.91 | 1.20 | 79.30 | 71.96 | 204.57 | 3.83 | 9.26 | 2.00 | 1.54 | 0.31 | |
河南Henan | 8.91 | 1.361) | 8.19 | 0.47 | 0.15 | 1.062) | 0.00 | ||||
湖北Hubei | 2.07 | 0.00 | 2.54 | 1.06 | 0.23 | 0.01 | 4.00 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 1.84 | |
长江中游稻区 the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River | 75.48 | 9.923) | 104.673) | 116.08 | 252.85 | 7.65 | 19.933) | 3.793) | 14.27 3) | 22.05 |
Table 6 Rice production technologies in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River.
地区Area | 移栽技术应用面积 Areas of different transplanting technologies/(×104 hm2) | 绿色高质高效技术模式应用面积 Areas of different technology modes/(×104 hm2) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
机插秧 Mechanical- transplanted | 机直播 Mechanical- direct seeding | 人工直播 Artificial direct seeding | 手插Artificial transplanting | 抛秧Broad- casting | 再生稻Ratoon rice | 稻渔Rice-fish culture | 稻鸭Rice-duck culture | 稻经 Rice and industrial crop rotation | 其他Others | ||
湖南全省The whole Hunan | 121.34 | 13.33 | 20.00 | 80.00 | 147.94 | 8.00 | 23.33 | 1.33 | 133.34 | 0.00 | |
江西全省The whole Jiangxi | 26.10 | 0.83 | 57.73 | 65.39 | 173.36 | 3.19 | 6.13 | 1.53 | 1.14 | 0.10 | |
湖南2017 Hunan 2017 | 31.95 | 9.49 | 23.95 | 38.38 | 49.23 | 2.81 | 4.93 | 1.27 | 11.61 | 19.17 | |
湖南2018 Hunan 2018 | 33.60 | 8.72 | 22.83 | 34.87 | 47.58 | 3.66 | 6.67 | 1.78 | 12.69 | 19.91 | |
江西Jiangxi | 30.91 | 1.20 | 79.30 | 71.96 | 204.57 | 3.83 | 9.26 | 2.00 | 1.54 | 0.31 | |
河南Henan | 8.91 | 1.361) | 8.19 | 0.47 | 0.15 | 1.062) | 0.00 | ||||
湖北Hubei | 2.07 | 0.00 | 2.54 | 1.06 | 0.23 | 0.01 | 4.00 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 1.84 | |
长江中游稻区 the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River | 75.48 | 9.923) | 104.673) | 116.08 | 252.85 | 7.65 | 19.933) | 3.793) | 14.27 3) | 22.05 |
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