硅对镉胁迫下水稻苗期抗氧化酶系统及镉离子吸收和转运相关基因表达水平的影响

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2023.230203

中国水稻科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 486-496.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2023.230203

硅对镉胁迫下水稻苗期抗氧化酶系统及镉离子吸收和转运相关基因表达水平的影响

黄奇娜¹^,^#, 徐有祥²^,^#, 林光号³, 党洪阳³, 郑振权¹, 张燕¹, 王晗¹, 邵国胜¹^,^*(), 尹献远⁴^,^*()

¹中国水稻研究所，杭州 310006
²龙游县农业农村局，浙江衢州 324400
³常山县农业农村局，浙江衢州 324200
⁴衢州市农业农村局，浙江衢州 324000

收稿日期:2023-02-14 修回日期:2023-03-22 出版日期:2023-09-10 发布日期:2023-09-13
通讯作者: *email: shaoguosheng@caas.cn；yyxxyy1688@163.com
作者简介:第一联系人：
#共同第一作者
基金资助:
浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(LZ22D030001);浙江省自然科学基金探索项目(LQ22C130002);龙游县受污染耕地安全利用示范项目(QZZCZB2023－042);受污染耕地安全利用田间试验项目(CSZZ-GK-2022007);中国水稻研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202121);中国水稻研究所所级重点研发项目(CNRRI-2020-05)

Effects of Silicon on Antioxidant Enzyme System and Expression Levels of Genes Related to Cd²⁺ Uptake and Transportation in Rice Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress

HUANG Qina¹^,^#, XU Youxiang²^,^#, LIN Guanghao³, DANG Hongyang³, ZHENG Zhenquan¹, ZHANG Yan¹, WANG Han¹, SHAO Guosheng¹^,^*(), YIN Xianyuan⁴^,^*()

¹China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
²Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Longyou County, Quzhou 324400, China
³Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Changshan County, Quzhou 324200, China
⁴Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China

Received:2023-02-14 Revised:2023-03-22 Online:2023-09-10 Published:2023-09-13
Contact: *email: shaoguosheng@caas.cn; yyxxyy1688@163.com
About author:First author contact:
#These authors contributed equally to this work

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 探究在镉(Cadmium，Cd)胁迫下，外源硅(Silicon，Si)对水稻株高、干物质量、抗氧化酶系统及对Cd²⁺相关基因表达水平的影响，以期为阐明Si缓解Cd对水稻毒害作用机理提供理论依据。【方法】 以辐品36(FP36)和中嘉早17(ZJZ17)为研究对象，通过设置不同Cd胁迫浓度(0、5 µmol/L)和Si处理(0、10 µmol/L、1 mmol/L)进行水培实验，重点分析处理后水稻农艺性状和抗氧化酶活性，以及Cd²⁺吸收、转运相关基因表达水平的差异。【结果】 Cd胁迫可以显著抑制水稻株高、干物质量和抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT和APX)活性；但Si能有效缓解Cd毒害，显著提高水稻生物量，增强抗氧化酶活性，其中1 mmol/L Si缓解效果更佳。此外，Si还能有效增加可溶性蛋白并降低MDA含量。Cd胁迫显著增加了FP36和ZJZ17不同组织的重金属含量，其中，根系中Cd积累量显著高于地上部。在添加较低浓度Si(10 µmol/L)后，水稻根系和地上部Cd含量无显著差异；但1 mmol/L Si能显著降低水稻根系和地上部Cd含量。OsNRAMP1、OsNRAMP5、OsIRT1、OsHMA2、OsHMA3等Cd²⁺吸收和转运相关基因的表达水平在镉胁迫和Si处理后呈不同的变化趋势。其中，OsNRAMP1、OsIRT1、OsHMA2的表达量受Cd胁迫影响有所上调，OsNRAMP5表达量呈下调趋势，而OsHMA3则无显著变化。而外源添加1 mmol/L Si可显著下调上述Cd²⁺吸收和转运相关基因的表达水平，重金属镉积累量下降。【结论】 Si通过改善水稻的农艺性状、激活抗氧化系统，以及调控重金属Cd²⁺吸收和转运相关基因的表达水平来缓解镉对水稻的毒害作用。

关键词: 水稻, 镉胁迫, 硅, 抗氧化酶系统, 基因表达水平

Abstract:

【Objective】 To elucidate the effects of exogenous silicon (Si) on plant height, dry weight, antioxidant enzyme system, and the expression levels of Cd²⁺ related genes in rice under cadmium (Cd) stress, so as to lay a theoretical basis for clarifying the mechanism of Si in alleviating Cd toxicity in rice. 【Method】 Indica rice Fupin 36 (FP36) and Zhongjiazao 17 (ZJZ17) were hydrocultured under two Cd²⁺ concentrations (0, 5 µmol/L) and three Si treatments (0, 10 µmol/L, 1 mmol/L). The agronomic traits, antioxidant enzyme activities, and the expression levels of Cd²⁺uptake/transport-related genes were analyzed. 【Result】 Cadmium stress significantly inhibited the agronomic traits and activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbic acid oxidase) of ZJZ17 and FP36, but exogenous Si addition could effectively alleviate the toxicity of Cd to rice, and enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, 1 mmol/L Si treatment exerted a better alleviating effect on Cd stress than 10 µmol/L Si. In addition, Cd stress also affected the contents of soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rice, while Si exposure increased soluble protein content but decreased the MDA content, respectively. Cd intervention significantly increased Cd content in different tissues of FP36 and ZJZ17, and its accumulation in roots was significantly higher than that in shoots. However, there was no significant difference in Cd content in rice plants under 10 µmol/L Si addition; and Cd accumulation in rice was significantly decreased as exposed to 1 mmol/L Si at 5 µmol/L Cd²⁺ concentration, indicating that the Cd accumulation in shoots was higher than that in roots. The expression levels of Cd²⁺uptake/transport-related genes followed different trends as subjected to Cd stress and Si treatments. Compared with zero-Cd treatment, the expression levels of OsNRAMP1, OsIRT1 and OsHMA2 were up-regulated under Cd stress, while OsNRAMP5 expression tended to be down-regulated, and the expression level of OsHMA3 remained unchanged. Moreover, the expression levels of OsNRAMP1, OsNRAMP5, OsIRT1, OsHMA2, OsHMA3 were significantly decreased at 1 mmol/L Si concentration. 【Conclusion】 Silicon alleviates the toxicity of Cd to rice by improving the agronomic traits, activating the antioxidant system, and regulating the expression levels of Cd²⁺ uptake/transport-related genes.

Key words: rice, cadmium stress, silicon, antioxidase system, relative expression of genes

黄奇娜, 徐有祥, 林光号, 党洪阳, 郑振权, 张燕, 王晗, 邵国胜, 尹献远. 硅对镉胁迫下水稻苗期抗氧化酶系统及镉离子吸收和转运相关基因表达水平的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2023, 37(5): 486-496.

HUANG Qina, XU Youxiang, LIN Guanghao, DANG Hongyang, ZHENG Zhenquan, ZHANG Yan, WANG Han, SHAO Guosheng, YIN Xianyuan. Effects of Silicon on Antioxidant Enzyme System and Expression Levels of Genes Related to Cd²⁺ Uptake and Transportation in Rice Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2023, 37(5): 486-496.

图/表 5

表1 不同Cd胁迫和Si处理下FP36和ZJZ17的株高和干物质量

Table 1. Agronomic traits of FP36 and ZJZ17 under different Cd stress and Si treatments.

品种 Variety	Cd浓度 Cd concentration/(µmol·L⁻¹)	Si浓度 Si concentration/(µmol·L⁻¹)	株高 Plant height/cm	地上部干物质量 Shoot dry weight/g
FP36	0	0	66.7 ± 1.0 b	5.32 ± 0.44 b
		10	67.2 ± 0.6 b	5.46 ± 0.02 b
		1000	70.5 ± 1.0 a	6.05 ± 0.05 a
	5.0	0	44.3 ± 0.4 e	3.65 ± 0.19 cd
		10	47.8 ± 1.7 d	3.28 ± 0.36 d
		1000	50.4 ± 2.3 c	3.73 ± 0.04 c
ZJZ17	0	0	64.6 ± 0.3 B	6.52 ± 0.02 BC
		10	70.6 ± 2.0 A	7.06 ± 0.49 AB
		1000	72.7 ± 2.4 A	7.22 ± 0.52 A
	5.0	0	58.5 ± 1.4 D	4.81 ± 0.16 D
		10	57.7 ± 2.5 D	5.08 ± 0.28 D
		1000	60.9 ± 1.4 C	6.04 ± 0.53 C

图1 不同Cd和Si处理下水稻FP36和ZJZ17根系中的抗氧化酶活性 A－超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）；B－过氧化物酶（POD）；C－过氧化氢酶（CAT）；D－抗坏血酸氧化酶（APX）。平均数±标准差（n=3）。不同大小写字母分别表示不同Cd和Si处理下ZJZ17和FP36在P < 0.05水平上差异显著。

Fig. 1. Antioxidant enzyme activities in roots of FP36 and ZJZ17 under different Cd and Si treatments. A, Superoxide dismutase (SOD); B, Peroxidase (POD); C, Catalase (CAT); D, Ascorbic acid oxidase (APX). Data are means ± standard deviation (SD) from three replicated experiments (n = 3). Different uppercase and lowercase letters above the error bars represent significant differences of ZJZ17 and FP36, respectively under different Cd and Si treatments (P < 0.05).

表2 在不同Cd和Si处理下水稻FP36和ZJZ17根系中可溶性蛋白和MDA含量

Table 2. Soluble protein and MDA contents in roots of FP36 and ZJZ17 under different Cd and Si treatments.

品种 Variety	Cd浓度 Cd concentration/(µmol·L⁻¹)	Si浓度 Si concentration/(µmol·L⁻¹)	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein contents/(mg·g⁻¹)	MDA含量 Malondialdehyde content/(µmol·g⁻¹)
FP36	0	0	30.89 ± 0.46 c	29.68 ± 0.81 b
		10	34.62 ± 0.25 a	25.27 ± 0.84 cd
		1000	33.60 ± 0.62 b	19.68 ± 1.49 e
	5.0	0	18.69 ± 0.20 f	37.10 ± 4.24 a
		10	23.72 ± 0.06 e	28.50 ± 3.00 bc
		1000	28.16 ± 0.81 d	22.91 ± 2.18 de
ZJZ17	0	0	32.89 ± 4.01 AB	22.15 ± 2.02 B
		10	36.79 ± 3.84 A	22.26 ± 1.59 B
		1000	36.46 ± 4.76 A	15.70 ± 1.33 D
	5.0	0	19.62 ± 0.60 C	25.81 ± 1.70 A
		10	23.32 ± 0.50 C	24.30 ± 1.58 AB
		1000	30.36 ± 1.79 B	19.25 ± 0.44 C

图2 不同Cd胁迫和Si处理下水稻FP36和ZJZ17地上部（A，C）和根系（B，D）中Cd含量

Fig. 2. Cd content in shoots (A, C) and roots (B, D) of FP36 and ZJZ17 under different Cd stress and Si treatments.

图3 不同Cd和Si处理下水稻 FP36和ZJZ17 根系中Cd2+吸收和转运相关基因的表达水平数值表示平均数±SD（n=3）。A~E分别表示OsNRAMP1、OsNRAMP5、OsIRT1、OsHMA2、OsHMA3基因的表达水平。

Fig. 3. Relative expression of Cd2+ uptake/transport-related genes in roots of FP36 and ZJZ17 under different Cd and Si treatments. Data are means ± standard deviation (SD) from three replicated experiments (n = 3). A-E mean the relative expression of OsNRAMP1, OsNRAMP5, OsIRT1, OsHMA2, OsHMA3.

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硅对镉胁迫下水稻苗期抗氧化酶系统及镉离子吸收和转运相关基因表达水平的影响

Effects of Silicon on Antioxidant Enzyme System and Expression Levels of Genes Related to Cd²⁺ Uptake and Transportation in Rice Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress

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硅对镉胁迫下水稻苗期抗氧化酶系统及镉离子吸收和转运相关基因表达水平的影响

Effects of Silicon on Antioxidant Enzyme System and Expression Levels of Genes Related to Cd2+ Uptake and Transportation in Rice Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress

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Effects of Silicon on Antioxidant Enzyme System and Expression Levels of Genes Related to Cd²⁺ Uptake and Transportation in Rice Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress