中国水稻科学

中国水稻科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 523-531.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2019.9084

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近40年我国水稻育成品种分析

鄂志国, 程本义, 孙红伟, 汪玉军, 朱练峰, 林海, 王磊, 童汉华*(), 陈红旗*()   

  1. 中国水稻研究所 水稻生物学国家重点实验室,杭州 310006
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-17 修回日期:2019-09-12 出版日期:2019-11-10 发布日期:2019-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 童汉华,陈红旗
  • 基金资助:
    农业农村部重点财政专项“南方稻区国家水稻品种试验”;浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY15C130006);浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02050-1)

Analysis on Chinese Improved Rice Varieties in Recent Four Decades

Zhiguo E, Benyi CHENG, Hongwei SUN, Yujun WANG, Lianfeng ZHU, Hai LIN, Lei WANG, Hanhua TONG*(), Hongqi CHEN*()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
  • Received:2019-07-17 Revised:2019-09-12 Online:2019-11-10 Published:2019-11-10
  • Contact: Hanhua TONG, Hongqi CHEN

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摘要：

目的 及时总结前人的育种经验,掌握育成品种的系谱,不仅有助于了解育种历史,而且对育种家选择亲本具有极其重要的参考价值,可以有效减少育种工作中的盲目性。方法 基于Asp. net和VB. net,编写程序算法,对数据库中收录的水稻品种数据进行分析,相关结果用R语言进行展示。结果 1979-2018年,我国省级以上共审定水稻品种9563个,生产上大面积应用品种4159个。籼稻骨干亲本多为杂交稻保持系和恢复系,但杂交稻的使用也降低了亲本多样性。结论 过去的40年,我国水稻育种取得了跨越式发展,育成品种层出不穷,品种的单产得到提高,食味品质提升,稻瘟病抗性和白叶枯病抗性也得到改良。

关键词: 育成品种, 骨干亲本, 亲本指数, 水稻, 数据库

Abstract:

【Objective】 Summarizing the breeding experience of predecessors in time and mastering the genealogies of the improved varieties will not only help understand the breeding history, but also provide breeders with an extremely important reference in parent screening, which can make breeding more targeted.【Method】 Based on the ASP. NET and VB. net, the program algorithm is compiled to analyze the variety data, and the relevant results are presented in R language.【Result】 From 1979 to 2018, 9563 rice varieties were approved by national or provincial approval authorities 4159 of which were widely applied. Most of the backbone parents of indica rice are maintainer and restorer lines of hybrid combinations, but the use of hybrids also reduces the diversity of parents.【Conclusion】 Over the past 40 years, rice breeding in China has made great strides, and bred varieties have emerged in endlessly. The yield per unit area of rice varieties has been increased as well as the edibility quality and the resistance to blast and bacterial blight improved.

Key words: improved variety, backbone parents, index of parents, rice, database

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