水稻抗稻瘟病分子机制研究进展

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2019.8126

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

稻瘟病是危害世界水稻生产最严重的真菌病害之一。稻瘟病菌生理小种变异快,水稻品种的抗性一般仅能维持3~5年。培育和种植抗性品种是目前最经济有效的措施。近年来,对稻瘟病菌致病机制和抗性基因分子机理的系统研究,加深了对该病原菌-宿主系统中病原相关分子模式诱导的免疫反应机制和病原菌效应蛋白诱导的免疫反应机制的了解。本文综述了水稻抗稻瘟病的两种天然免疫机制研究的最新进展,并对目前水稻抗稻瘟病分子机制研究中急需解决的问题和挑战进行探讨和展望。

关键词: 水稻, 稻瘟病, 抗病基因, 无毒基因, 分子机制

Abstract:

Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, threatens global food security. Owning to the rapid evolution of M. oryzae isolates, resistant cultivars always become susceptible in 3-5 years. Breeding and planting durable resistant cultivars is the most effective method. Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of M. oryzae and rice resistance mechanisms led to a deeper understanding of PAMPs- and effector- triggered immunity in this pathosystem. This review summarizes the recent progresses for PTI, the cloned rice blast R genes, cloned Avr genes of M. oryzae and the interaction between them. We also discussed some of the major unanswered questions for this pathosystem and the opportunities for future investigations.

Key words: rice, rice blast, disease resistance gene, avirulence gene, molecular mechanism

中图分类号:

曹妮, 陈渊, 季芝娟, 曾宇翔, 杨长登, 梁燕. 水稻抗稻瘟病分子机制研究进展[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2019, 33(6): 489-498.

Ni CAO, Yuan CHEN, Zhijuan JI, Yuxiang ZENG, Changdeng YANG, Yan LIANG. Recent Progress in Molecular Mechanism of Rice Blast Resistance[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2019, 33(6): 489-498.

图/表 1

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抗性基因Resistant gene				无毒基因Avirulence gene				参考文献 Reference
稻瘟病抗性基因 R gene		编码蛋白类型 Encoding protein		稻瘟菌无毒基因 Avr gene		编码蛋白类型 Encoding protein		参考文献 Reference
Pi1	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[40]
Pi2	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[33]
Pi5	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[42]
Pi9	NBS-LRR蛋白		AvrPi9		分泌蛋白		[32][43]
Pi25	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[44]
Pi33	-		ACE1		聚酮合成酶		[45]
Pi35	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[46]
Pi36	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[47]
Pi37	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[48]
Pi50	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		分泌蛋白		[49]
Pi56	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		分泌蛋白		[50]
Pi64	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		分泌蛋白		[51]
Piz-t	NBS-LRR蛋白		AvrPiz-t		分泌蛋白		[35][52]
Pit	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[37]
Pit-a	NBS-LRR蛋白		AvrPi-ta		分泌蛋白		[41][53]
Pia	NBS-LRR蛋白		Avr-Pia		分泌蛋白		[54][55]
Pib	NBS-LRR蛋白		Avr-Pib		分泌蛋白		[56][57]
Pish	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[58]
Pb1	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[59]
Pik	NBS-LRR蛋白		Avr-Pik/km/kp		分泌蛋白		[55][60]
Pik-m	NBS-LRR蛋白		Avr-Pik/km/kp		分泌蛋白		[55][61]
Pik-p	NBS-LRR蛋白		Avr-Pik/km/kp		分泌蛋白		[55][62]
Pid3	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[63]
Pi-d2	B-lectin蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[27]
Pi21	富含脯氨酸类蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[28]
Ptr	ARM蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[29]
Pi-CO39	NBS-LRR蛋白		AvrPi-CO39		分泌蛋白		[64]
Pigm	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知 Unknown		-		[34]
Pii	-		Avr-Pii		分泌蛋白		[55]
Pi54	NBS-LRR蛋白		AvrPi54		分泌蛋白		[39]
Pi63	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[65]
Pid3-A4	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[66]
Pi54rh	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[67]
Pi54of	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[68]
Pike	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[69]
Piks	-		未知Unknown		-		GeneBank: AET36547.1, AET36548.1
未知Unknown	-		PWL1		分泌蛋白		[70]
未知Unknown	-		PWL2		分泌蛋白		[71]
bsr-k1	TPRs蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[30]

抗性基因Resistant gene				无毒基因Avirulence gene				参考文献 Reference
稻瘟病抗性基因 R gene		编码蛋白类型 Encoding protein		稻瘟菌无毒基因 Avr gene		编码蛋白类型 Encoding protein		参考文献 Reference
Pi1	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[40]
Pi2	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[33]
Pi5	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[42]
Pi9	NBS-LRR蛋白		AvrPi9		分泌蛋白		[32][43]
Pi25	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[44]
Pi33	-		ACE1		聚酮合成酶		[45]
Pi35	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[46]
Pi36	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[47]
Pi37	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[48]
Pi50	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		分泌蛋白		[49]
Pi56	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		分泌蛋白		[50]
Pi64	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		分泌蛋白		[51]
Piz-t	NBS-LRR蛋白		AvrPiz-t		分泌蛋白		[35][52]
Pit	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[37]
Pit-a	NBS-LRR蛋白		AvrPi-ta		分泌蛋白		[41][53]
Pia	NBS-LRR蛋白		Avr-Pia		分泌蛋白		[54][55]
Pib	NBS-LRR蛋白		Avr-Pib		分泌蛋白		[56][57]
Pish	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[58]
Pb1	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[59]
Pik	NBS-LRR蛋白		Avr-Pik/km/kp		分泌蛋白		[55][60]
Pik-m	NBS-LRR蛋白		Avr-Pik/km/kp		分泌蛋白		[55][61]
Pik-p	NBS-LRR蛋白		Avr-Pik/km/kp		分泌蛋白		[55][62]
Pid3	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[63]
Pi-d2	B-lectin蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[27]
Pi21	富含脯氨酸类蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[28]
Ptr	ARM蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[29]
Pi-CO39	NBS-LRR蛋白		AvrPi-CO39		分泌蛋白		[64]
Pigm	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知 Unknown		-		[34]
Pii	-		Avr-Pii		分泌蛋白		[55]
Pi54	NBS-LRR蛋白		AvrPi54		分泌蛋白		[39]
Pi63	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[65]
Pid3-A4	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[66]
Pi54rh	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[67]
Pi54of	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[68]
Pike	NBS-LRR蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[69]
Piks	-		未知Unknown		-		GeneBank: AET36547.1, AET36548.1
未知Unknown	-		PWL1		分泌蛋白		[70]
未知Unknown	-		PWL2		分泌蛋白		[71]
bsr-k1	TPRs蛋白		未知Unknown		-		[30]