中国水稻科学

中国水稻科学 ›› 2011, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (4): 370-380.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2011.04.005

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻同核异质雄性不育系的细胞质遗传效应与细胞学研究

黄兴国1, 2,汪广勇1,#,余金洪1,丁毅1,*   

  1. 1杂交水稻国家重点实验室/武汉大学  生命科学学院，  湖北  武汉 430072； 2武汉武大天源生物科技股份有限公司，湖北  武汉 430072； #共同第一作者
  • 收稿日期:2010-09-28 修回日期:2010-12-05 出版日期:2011-07-10 发布日期:2011-07-10
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(30971740; 30821064)；  国家973计划资助项目(2007CB108705)； 湖北省自然科学基金重点项目（2011002923388）。

Cytoplasmic Genetic Effects  and Cytological Study  of Isonuclear  Alloplasmic  Male Sterile  Lines  in Rice 

HUANG  Xing-Guo1, 2 ,WANG  Guang-yong1,#, YU  Jin-hong1, DING  Yi1,*   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/College  of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; 2Wuhan Wuda Tianyuan  BioTech Co., LTD, Wuhan 430072, China; #These authors contributed equally to this paper
  • Received:2010-09-28 Revised:2010-12-05 Online:2011-07-10 Published:2011-07-10

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被引次数

13

摘要： 对所构建的7种水稻同核异质雄性不育系进行细胞质遗传效应研究，包括主要生长特性和农艺性状、与恢复系测配的影响以及花粉发育的细胞学观察。结果表明，7种同核异质不育系的播始历期为81~83 d，剑叶长为25.10 ~29.40 cm，穗长为21.45 ~24.30 cm，株高为80.60 ~94.13 cm，每穗粒数在163.2~222.1。与恢复系辐恢838和绵恢725进行测配，结果表明用绵恢725配组时，各组合的生育期为113~115 d，剑叶长和剑叶宽2个性状与用辐恢838配组时类似。最主要的差别在株高、有效穗、每穗粒数、每穗实粒数、结实率和千粒重等几个性状。总体看株高明显下降，每穗粒数和实粒数显著增加，而结实率和千粒重多数不如用辐恢838配组的组合。用7种同核异质雄性不育系混合后与单一恢复系配组，在实践中是可行的。细胞学观察结果表明，同核异质雄性不育系花粉粒败育开始在单核期，92%以上为典败。花粉粒败育时，维管束的结构被彻底破坏。由此推断，所用的同核异质雄性不育系的败育应该同维管束的不正常发育有关，其败育机理应该是相同的。

关键词: 水稻, 同核异质雄性不育系, 农艺性状, 微卫星标记, 细胞学观察

Abstract: The cytoplasmic  genetic  effects, including the growth characteristics and agronomic traits of the seven  types of isonuclear  alloplasmic male sterile lines (IAMSLs) and of the  combinations derived from  the IAMSLs  and the restorer lines，were analyzed  and the cytological  study of the pollen development   was also carried out. The IAMSLs were 81-83 days in duration from seeding to heading, 25.10-29.  40 cm   in flag leaf length, 21.45-24.30 cm  in panicle   length, 80.60 to 94.13 cm   in plant   height, and 163.2-222.1   in grain  number per panicle. Compared with  the   combinations of the IAMSLs and the   restorer line Fuhui 838,  the combinations derived from the IAMSLs and Mianhui 725  showed the same tendency in the traits of flag leaf length and width,  as well as  the  growth duration of  113-115 days. The major differences  between them were the plant height, effective panicle number, total grain number per panicle,  number of filled grains  per panicle, seed setting rate and 1000grain weight. In general, the   combinations orignated from Mianhui 725, the total grain number per panicle,  number of filled grains  per panicle and seed setting rate were gradually  increased, but the seed setting rate and the 1000grain weight were lower than the    combinations   derived from Fuhui 838. Furthermore, it had been proved that  crossing the mixture of   seven types of IAMSLs   with a single restorer line was feasible in practice.   Based on the cytological observation, the cell nucleuses of the seven types of IAMSLs began  degradation at the uninucleate stage with an  abortion rate  above 92%. The anther vasculars were  quietly  destroyed during the pollen development  in the male sterile lines. It was  concluded that  the sterility of the seven types of IAMSLs was closely related  to  the abnormal  development of vascular tissues and might have  the same abortion mechanism  in pollen development  in these male sterile lines of rice.

Key words: rice, isonuclear , alloplasmic male sterile line, agronomic trait, simple sequence repeat, cytological observation

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