优质稻核心种质黄华占及其衍生系统理想模式研究

中国水稻科学

优质稻核心种质黄华占及其衍生系统理想模式研究

周少川^1，2，*,李宏¹,黄道强¹,卢德城¹,赖穗春¹,周德贵¹,王志东¹,付崇允¹,李康活¹

¹广东省农业科学院，广东广州 510640； ²湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南长沙 410128；* 通讯联系人， E-mail: xxs123@163.com

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-03-10 发布日期:2009-03-10

Ideal Type of Rice Core Germplasm Huanghuazhan and Its Derivatives with Good Grain
Quality

ZHOU Shaochuan^1,2,*, LI Hong¹, HUANG Daoqiang¹, LU Decheng¹, LAI Suichun¹, ZHOU Degui¹, WANG Zhidong¹, FU Chongyun¹, LI Kanghuo¹

¹Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Guangzhou 510640, China；² College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; *Corresponding author, E-mail: xxs123@163.com

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-03-10 Published:2009-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了构建优质稻核心种质黄华占及其衍生系统理想模式，指导黄华占及其衍生系统品种的进一步遗传改良，2007年早季和晚季在广州进行大田试验，设计随机区组试验考查黄华占及其衍生品种的综合农艺性状，整合黄华占及其衍生品种在南方稻区省级水稻区试结果，构建黄华占及其衍生系统理想模式。黄华占及其衍生系统的早季产量与每穗总粒数和倒2叶长呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.716和0.825；与每株有效穗数呈显著负相关，相关系数为-0.795。早季总粒数因子增加1个单位，产量增加3.17个单位。晚季产量与千粒重呈显著正相关，相关系数为0.734；食味品质与剑叶长、倒2叶长、倒3叶长呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.798、0.794和0.831。晚季剑叶宽因子减少1个单位，产量增加2.06个单位。广州地区优质稻核心种质黄华占及其衍生系统理想模式早晚季有所不同，早季应注重选育大穗、长穗、较长上3叶的株（品）系；在晚季应注重较高千粒重和较窄上3叶的株（品）系。

关键词: 水稻, 核心种质, 理想模式, 育种

Abstract: To construct the ideal type of core germplasm Huanghuazhan and its derivatives, the performances of Huanghuazhan and its pedigree varieties were investigated in early and latecropping seasons of 2007 in Guangzhou, China （113°17′E, 23°8′N）. In earlycropping season, the yield was significantly and positively correlated to spikelet number per panicle (r=0716) and the length of the 2nd top leaf (r=0.825), and significantly negatively correlated to productive panicle number per plant (r=-0.795). Every 1 unit increase in the spikelet number factor caused an increase of 3.17 unit in yield. In latecropping season, the yield was significantly and positively correlated to 1000grain weight (r=0.734). Eating quality was significantly and positively correlated to length of flag leaf, length of the 2nd top leaf and length of the 3rd top leaf, with correlation coefficients of 0.798, 0.794 and 0.831, respectively. Every 1 unit decrease in the flag leaf width factor had a 2.06 unit increase in yield. Ideal type of the core germplasm Huanghuazhan and its derivatives for early cropping season was different from that for latecropping season. Emphasis should be paid on selection of the plant type with fewer panicles, bigger and longer panicle, and longer functional leaves in earlycropping season and higher 1000grain weight, longer and narrower functional leaves in latecropping season in the breeding nursery in Guangzhou, China.

Key words: rice, core germplasm, ideal type, breeding

周少川,李宏,黄道强,卢德城,赖穗春,周德贵,王志东,付崇允,李康活. 优质稻核心种质黄华占及其衍生系统理想模式研究[J]. 中国水稻科学 2009,23(2): 153-153～159 . .

ZHOU Shaochuan,LI Hong,HUANG Daoqiang,LU Decheng,LAI Suichun,ZHOU Degui,WANG Zhidong,FU Chongyun,LI Kanghuo. Ideal Type of Rice Core Germplasm Huanghuazhan and Its Derivatives with Good Grain
Quality
[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science 2009,23(2): 153-153～159 ..

参考文献

[1]林世成, 闵绍楷. 中国水稻品种及其系谱. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 1991.

[2]黄耀祥. 水稻生态育种科学体系的构建和新进展: 两源并举“超优势稻”的选育. 世界科技研究与发展, 2003, 25（2）: 1-8.

[3]屠曾平. 水稻光合特性研究与高光效育种. 中国农业科学, 1997, 30(3): 28-35.

[4]屠曾平, 林秀珍, 黄秋妹, 等. 水稻中的光抑制现象及其品种间差异. 中国水稻科学, 1988, 2(1): 8-16.

[5]屠曾平, 林秀珍, 蔡惟涓, 等. 水稻高光效育种的再探索. 植物学报, 1995(8): 641-651.

[6]屠曾平, 林秀珍, 蔡惟涓, 等.通过组配杂种稻途径改进整体光合能力. 中国水稻科学, 1997, 11(3): 136-140.

[7]周少川, 柯苇, 李宏, 等. 优质稻核心种质创建的实践与探讨//21世纪水稻遗传育种国际学术讨论会文集. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 1999: 182-186.

[8]周少川, 柯苇, 李宏, 等. 优质稻核心种质绿珍占8号的创建与利用. 中国水稻科学, 2000, 14（3）: 170-172.

[9]周少川, 缪若维, 李宏, 等. 优质稻核心种质丰八占1号的创建与利用//王肇庆. 走向未来启示集. 中国新时期人文科学优秀成果精选. 北京:中国经济出版社, 2002: 542-544.

[10]周少川, 李宏, 黄道强, 等. 水稻核心种质育种. 科技导报, 2005, 23(11): 23-26.

[11]周少川, 王家生, 李宏, 等. 优质稻核心种质青六矮1号及其衍生品种的性状相关性研究. 作物学报, 2003, 29（1）: 97-104.

[12]周少川, 李宏, 黄道强, 等. 优质稻核心种质丰八占衍生系统的育种成效和理想株型模式研究//中国青年农业科学学术年报. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 2004: 1-10.

[13]周少川, 李宏, 黄道强, 等. 优质稻核心种质绿珍占8号及其衍生系统的株型和品质理想模式研究. 中国水稻科学, 2004,18（5）: 407-414.

[14]周少川, 李宏, 李康活. 水稻核心种质育种体系的构建. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2007, 38(5): 688-694.

[15]周少川, 李宏, 朱小源, 等. 丰八占及其衍生系列品种的选育和育种效应综合分析. 广东农业科学, 2007(5): 5-11.

[16]周少川, 李宏, 黄道强, 等. 水稻核心种质的育种成效. 中国水稻科学, 2008, 22(1): 51-56.

[17]周少川. 华南籼稻品种的食味及其育种//崔晶, 森田茂纪. 水稻食味学. 天津: 天津教育出版社, 2007: 119-137.

[18]Donald C M. The breeding of crop ideotypes. Euphytica, 1968, 17: 385-403.

[19]Peng S B, Khush G S, Cassman K G. Evolution of the new plant ideotype for increased rice potential//Cassman K G. Breaking the Yield Barrier. Manila: IRRI, 1994: 5-20.

[20]Yuan L P. Super hybrid rice. Chinese Rice Res Newsl, 2000, 8 (1): 13-15.

[21]Chen W F, Xu Z J, Zhang W Z, et al. Creation of new plant type and breeding rice for super high yield. Acta Agron Sin, 2001, 27(5):665-672.

[22]杨守仁. 水稻超高产育种的新动向: 理想株型与优势利用相结合. 沈阳农业大学学报, 1987, 18(1): 1-5.

[23]黄耀祥. 水稻超高产育种研究. 作物杂志, 1990(2): 1-2.

[24]周开达, 马玉清, 刘太清, 等. 杂交水稻亚种间重穗型组合的选育: 杂交水稻超高产育种的理论和实践. 四川农业大学学报, 1995, 13(4): 401-407.

[25]袁隆平. 杂交水稻超高产育种. 杂交水稻, 1999, 12(6): 1-3.