中国水稻科学

中国水稻科学

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

硅肥对北方粳稻产量和品质的影响

商全玉1,张文忠1,* ,韩亚东1,荣 蓉2,徐 海1,徐正进1,陈温福1   

  1. 1沈阳农业大学 水稻研究所/农业部作物生理生态遗传育种重点开放实验室/辽宁省北方粳稻遗传育种重点实验室， 辽宁 沈阳 110161；2黑龙江省呼玛县白银纳乡农业经济管理中心， 黑龙江 呼玛 165121； *通讯联系人， E-mail： zwzhong@126.com
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-11-10 发布日期:2009-11-10

Effect of Silicon Fertilizer Application on Yield and Grain Quality of japonica Rice from Northeast China

SHANG Quan-yu1, ZHANG Wen-zhong1,*, HAN Ya-dong1, RONG Rong2, XU Hai1, XU Zheng-jin1, CHEN Wen-fu1   

  1. 1Rice Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Breeding of Liaoning, Shenyang 110161, China; 2Baiyinna Agricultural Economy Management Center of Huma County, Heilongjiang Province,Huma 165121, China; *Corresponding author, E-mail：zwzhong@126.com
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-11-10 Published:2009-11-10

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摘要： 以沈农265和丰优2000为材料，在盆栽条件下，研究了硅肥不同施用量对水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明，施用硅肥能提高水稻产量，其中有效硅240 kg/hm2使沈农265显著增产，有效硅180 kg/hm2对丰优2000增产效果达到显著水平。从产量构成因素上看，施用硅肥能提高每穴穗数、一次枝梗上籽粒千粒重、二次枝梗上籽粒千粒重、每穗粒数。施用硅肥能显著改善稻米品质，主要表现为稻米的糙米率、精米率和整精米率显著提高，稻米的垩白粒率和垩白度显著降低。相关分析表明，两品种的精米率和整精米率与有效硅施用量呈正相关。沈农265的稻米脂肪酸含量与有效硅施用量呈正相关，食味值与有效硅施用量呈负相关。有效硅施量在0~240 kg/hm2内，两品种直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量与有效硅施用量相关不显著。综合考虑各处理稻米产量和品质，以180~240 kg/hm2的有效硅施用量较好。

关键词: 水稻, 硅肥, 产量, 品质

Abstract: The effect of silicon fertilizer rate on rice yield and quality was studied by using Shennong 265 and Fengyou 2000 as materials in a pot experiment. The rice grain yield increased with the application of silicon,especially at a silicon fertilizer rate of 240 kg/hm2 for Shennong 265 and at 180 kg/hm2 for Fengyou 2000, respectively. For the yield components, the number of panicles per plant, 1000grain weight of the grains on the primary rachis branches, 1000grain weight of the grains on the secondary rachis branches, number of grains per panicles were increased with the application of silicon. The rice quality was significantly improved especially for brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, chalky grain rate and chalkiness. Correlation analysis showed that the milled rice rate and head rice rate were significantly and positively correlated with silicon rate for the two varieties. In Shennong 265, the content of fatty acid was significantly and positively correlated with the silicon rate and taste value was significantly and negatively correlated with the silicon rate. There was no significant correlation between the content of amylose or protein and the silicon rate within a range of 0 to 240 kg/hm2. Considering the grain yield and quality together, 180 to 240 kg/hm2 silicon was suitable.

Key words: rice, silicon, yield, quality