关键词: 水稻, 免耕套种, 秸秆还田, 产量, 品质, 保护性耕作

Abstract: Effects of interplanting with zero tillage and wheat straw manuring(ZIS) on rice growth and grain quality were studied in a wheat-rice cropping system. Results showed that ZIS reduced the plant height,leaf area per tiller and the biomass of rice, but the biomass accumulation of rice at the late stage was quicker than that under the transplanting cultivation. In the first year, the grain yield was the highest in ZIS, and the yield in transplanting with plowing and wheat straw manuring was higher than that without straw manuring. However, grain yield decreased in interplanting with zero tillage in the second year. Compared with other treatments with the similar number of panicles per unit area, the number of filled grains per panicle was the lowest but 1000-grain weight was the highest in interplanting with zero tillage, which was the main factor to higher yield. Interplanting with zero tillage improved the milling and appearance grain quality of rice. The rates of brown, milled and head rice increased while chalky rice rate and chalkiness decreased in interplanting with zero tillage. Transplanting with plowing and straw manuring also increased the head rice rate and slightly reduced the chalky rice rate and chalkiness. The cooking quality of rice in ZIS was improved due to the increase of protein, decline of amylose content and increase of gel consistency, while transplanting with straw manuring increased both the protein and amylose contents and decreased the gel consistency, which resulted in the decline of cooked rice quality.

Key words: rice, zero tillage and interplanting, straw manuring, yield, grain quality, conservation tillage