再生稻稻米品质研究进展

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2025.240412

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

再生稻是一种绿色高效的种植模式，对提高水稻种植效益和保障我国粮食安全具有重要意义，具有广阔发展前景。再生稻头季和再生季生长环境以及栽培管理措施不同，导致头季和再生季稻米品质有显著差异，再生季稻米品质通常优于头季稻米。再生特性、环境温度、水肥管理等都可通过调控源库关系、灌浆过程、籽粒营养物质合成、淀粉粒物理化学特征等影响稻米品质形成。目前虽然已经从再生力和产量角度选育了一批适宜作再生稻种植的优质高产水稻品种，但提高再生稻头季和再生季稻米品质仍然是制约再生稻发展的一个重要因子。本文简要介绍了再生稻头季和再生季稻米品质特征及其差异，结合稻米品质形成的过程及影响因素，分析了影响再生稻稻米品质的因素及栽培调控措施，旨在为再生稻优质高产发展提供理论基础。

关键词: 再生稻, 稻米品质, 再生特性, 温度, 栽培措施

Abstract:

Ratoon rice is a green and efficient planting method that is significant for enhancing the profitability of rice cultivation and ensuring food security in China. Due to differences in growth environments and cultivation management practices, there are notable variations in rice quality between the main season and the ratoon season. Typically, the quality of rice in the ratoon season is superior to that of the main season. Factors such as ratooning characteristics, environmental temperature, and water and fertilizer management can influence rice quality by regulating source-sink relationships, the grain filling process, the synthesis of grain nutrients, and the physicochemical characteristics of starch granules. Numerous high-quality and high-yield rice varieties have been identified as suitable for ratoon rice cultivation, considering their ratooning capacity and yields. However, the quality of rice in both the main and ratoon seasons remains a limiting factor for ratoon rice production. This work briefly introduces the rice quality characteristics of the main and ratoon seasons and reviews the factors affecting the quality of ratoon rice and its cultivation regulations in terms of the formation process of rice quality. This review may lay a theoretical basis for the production of high-quality and high-yield ratoon rice.

Key words: ratoon rice, rice quality, ratooning characteristics, temperature, cultivation measures

肖无为, 朱辰光, 王飞, 熊栋梁, 黄见良, 彭少兵, 崔克辉. 再生稻稻米品质研究进展[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2025, 39(1): 33-46.

XIAO Wuwei, ZHU Chenguang, WANG Fei, XIONG Dongliang, HUANG Jianliang, PENG Shaobing, CUI Kehui. Research Progress in Rice Quality of Ratoon Rice[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2025, 39(1): 33-46.

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控制性状 Trait	基因名 Gene name	编码产物 Encoded protein	参考文献 Reference
粒型 Grain shape	GS3	异三聚体G蛋白γ亚基 Heterotrimeric G-protein γ subunit	[28]
	GW2	E3泛素连接酶 E3 ubiquitin ligase	[29]
	TGW2	细胞数目调节因子1 Cell number regulator 1	[22]
	GL3-1	丝氨酸/苏氨酸磷酸酶 Serine/threonine phosphatase	[30]
	GS2	生长调节因子4 Growth-regulator factor 4	[31]
	GL7	LONGIFOLIA蛋白 LONGIFOLIA protein	[32]
	GW5	钙调素结合蛋白 Calmodulin-binding protein	[33]
	GS5	丝氨酸羧肽酶 Serine carboxypeptidase	[34]
	GW8/OsSPL16	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白 Squamosa promoter-binding protein	[35]
	GIF1	细胞壁转化酶 Cell wall invertase	[36]
	GE/BG2	CYP78A13蛋白/细胞色素P450 CYP78A13 protein / Cytochrome P450	[37]
垩白Chalkiness	Chalk5	液泡膜质子转运焦磷酸酶 Vacuolar membrane proton-transporting pyrophosphatase	[23]
蒸煮食味品质 Eating and cooking quality	Wx^a	颗粒结合型淀粉合酶 Granule-bound starch synthase	[24⇓-26]
	Wx^b	颗粒结合型淀粉合酶 Granule-bound starch synthase	[24⇓-26]
	Wxⁱⁿ	颗粒结合型淀粉合酶 Granule-bound starch synthase	[24⇓-26]
	DU1	Prp1蛋白 Prp1 protein	[38]
	ALK/OsSSSIIa	可溶性淀粉合酶Ⅱ Soluble starch synthaseⅡ	[39]
	SSSI	可溶性淀粉合酶Ⅰ Soluble starch synthaseⅠ	[40]
	SSSIIIa	可溶性淀粉合酶Ⅲ Soluble starch synthase Ⅲ	[41]
	OsAGPL3	腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶大亚基 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit	[42]
	OsAPS1	腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶小亚基 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit	[43]
	OsAPS2	腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶小亚基 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit	[44]
	OsAGPL1	腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶大亚基 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit	[45]
	BEIIb	淀粉分支酶Ⅱb Starch branching enzyme Ⅱb	[46]
营养品质 Nutritional quality	qPC-1/OsAAP6	氨基酸通透酶 Amino acid permease	[27]
	OsAAP10	氨基酸通透酶 Amino acid permease	[47]
	OsBADH2/fgr	甜菜碱醛脱氢酶 Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	[48]
	qGPC-10/OsGluA2	谷蛋白A2 Glutelin type-A2 precursor	[49]
	OsAAP3	氨基酸转运蛋白 Amino acid transporter	[50]
	OsAAP1	氨基酸转运蛋白 Amino acid transporter	[51]
	OsLHT1	氨基酸转运蛋白 Amino acid transporter	[52]
	AK2	天冬氨酸激酶 Aspartate kinase	[53]
	OsLTPL36	植物非特异的脂质转运蛋白 Plant nonspecific lipid transfer protein	[54]

控制性状 Trait	基因名 Gene name	编码产物 Encoded protein	参考文献 Reference
粒型 Grain shape	GS3	异三聚体G蛋白γ亚基 Heterotrimeric G-protein γ subunit	[28]
	GW2	E3泛素连接酶 E3 ubiquitin ligase	[29]
	TGW2	细胞数目调节因子1 Cell number regulator 1	[22]
	GL3-1	丝氨酸/苏氨酸磷酸酶 Serine/threonine phosphatase	[30]
	GS2	生长调节因子4 Growth-regulator factor 4	[31]
	GL7	LONGIFOLIA蛋白 LONGIFOLIA protein	[32]
	GW5	钙调素结合蛋白 Calmodulin-binding protein	[33]
	GS5	丝氨酸羧肽酶 Serine carboxypeptidase	[34]
	GW8/OsSPL16	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白 Squamosa promoter-binding protein	[35]
	GIF1	细胞壁转化酶 Cell wall invertase	[36]
	GE/BG2	CYP78A13蛋白/细胞色素P450 CYP78A13 protein / Cytochrome P450	[37]
垩白Chalkiness	Chalk5	液泡膜质子转运焦磷酸酶 Vacuolar membrane proton-transporting pyrophosphatase	[23]
蒸煮食味品质 Eating and cooking quality	Wx^a	颗粒结合型淀粉合酶 Granule-bound starch synthase	[24⇓-26]
	Wx^b	颗粒结合型淀粉合酶 Granule-bound starch synthase	[24⇓-26]
	Wxⁱⁿ	颗粒结合型淀粉合酶 Granule-bound starch synthase	[24⇓-26]
	DU1	Prp1蛋白 Prp1 protein	[38]
	ALK/OsSSSIIa	可溶性淀粉合酶Ⅱ Soluble starch synthaseⅡ	[39]
	SSSI	可溶性淀粉合酶Ⅰ Soluble starch synthaseⅠ	[40]
	SSSIIIa	可溶性淀粉合酶Ⅲ Soluble starch synthase Ⅲ	[41]
	OsAGPL3	腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶大亚基 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit	[42]
	OsAPS1	腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶小亚基 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit	[43]
	OsAPS2	腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶小亚基 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit	[44]
	OsAGPL1	腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶大亚基 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit	[45]
	BEIIb	淀粉分支酶Ⅱb Starch branching enzyme Ⅱb	[46]
营养品质 Nutritional quality	qPC-1/OsAAP6	氨基酸通透酶 Amino acid permease	[27]
	OsAAP10	氨基酸通透酶 Amino acid permease	[47]
	OsBADH2/fgr	甜菜碱醛脱氢酶 Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	[48]
	qGPC-10/OsGluA2	谷蛋白A2 Glutelin type-A2 precursor	[49]
	OsAAP3	氨基酸转运蛋白 Amino acid transporter	[50]
	OsAAP1	氨基酸转运蛋白 Amino acid transporter	[51]
	OsLHT1	氨基酸转运蛋白 Amino acid transporter	[52]
	AK2	天冬氨酸激酶 Aspartate kinase	[53]
	OsLTPL36	植物非特异的脂质转运蛋白 Plant nonspecific lipid transfer protein	[54]