Abstract: The development and substance accumulation of rice caryopsis were studied by using the transgenic japonica and indica rice lines with antisense Wx gene. The weights of caryopses in the transgenic rice were lower than those of the non-transgenic ones, and the reduction of weight was significantly correlated with the degree of reduction in amylose content. In the caryopsis of the transgenic rice, the number of endosperm cells was less, but the proliferation speed was obviously higher compared with non-transgenic ones during the first six days after flowering (DAF). During the first nine DAF, the content of soluble sugar in the caryopsis of the transgenic rice was less than that in non-transgenic ones, but it was reversed after 9 DAF. With the decrease of amylose content in the caryopsis of the transgenic rice, the total starch content also declined while the amylopectin content increased accordingly, so the composition of starch in caryopsis was changed, but it did not affect the accumulation of protein in the caryopsis of the transgenic rice.

Key words: rice, transgene, caryopsis, development, substance accumulation, waxy gene

摘要： 以转反义Wx基因粳稻和籼稻品系为材料，研究其颖果的发育和物质积累。结果表明，直链淀粉含量降低后的转基因水稻品系籽粒的粒重会有所下降，而且直链淀粉含量下降越多，粒重的下降幅度也越大。单个颖果胚乳细胞的数目也有不同程度的下降，但在籽粒发育早期（花后6 d前），转基因水稻的胚乳细胞增殖速率明显高于其亲本。直链淀粉降低后的转基因品系籽粒可溶性糖含量在发育初期（花后9 d前）低于其同时期的亲本，而花后9 d后则明显高于其亲本。转基因水稻籽粒中的总淀粉含量有不同程度的下降，而支链淀粉的含量却相对增加，从而改变了籽粒中淀粉的组成，但对籽粒中蛋白质的积累没有显著影响。

关键词: 水稻, 转基因, 颖果, 发育, 物质积累, 蜡质基因