Abstract: In order to realize the precise management for rice production, a model and GISbased decision support system for rice production and management (MGDSSRM) was developed, which was guided by the system engineering theory and software technology, using rice precision management knowledge model as intelligentized and digital decision support, with GIS as spatial data management platform. The system realized the functions as basic map handling, information management, cultural plan design, fertilizer and water management, pestdiseaseweed management, suitable dynamic indices design, realtime regulation based on growth status, expert consultation, and system help, etc. Case studies on the system in the rice field experiments in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, China indicated that the average yield under the precision management plan was 10 464.8 kg/hm2, 12.53% over that in the general plan (9 299.5 kg/hm2). Moreover, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer decreased by 31.5 kg/hm2, as comparing to the general plan. The present work has provided a modeling and systematized decision tool for the design of rice production management prescription, and a basal framework for developing other crop management decision support system.

Key words: rice, precise management, knowledge model, geographic information system, decision support system

摘要： 为实现水稻生产过程的精确化管理，以水稻精确管理知识模型为管理决策的智能依托，以GIS为空间数据管理平台，应用系统工程思想和软构件技术，设计实现了基于模型和GIS的水稻生产管理决策支持系统。该系统具有基本地图操作、信息管理、栽培方案设计、肥水运筹、病虫草害管理、适宜生长指标设计、因苗实时调控、专家咨询以及系统帮助等功能。系统在江苏和浙江部分水稻生产区的应用结果表明，精确管理田块平均产量达10 464.8 kg/hm2，较常规管理田块增产1253%，减少氮肥投入31.5 kg/hm2。系统的建立为水稻生产全过程变量管理处方的生成提供了模型化和系统化的决策工具，也为其他作物管理决策支持系统的构建提供了基础框架。

关键词: 水稻, 精确管理, 知识模型, 地理信息系统, 决策支持系统