Chinese Journal of Rice Science

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Effects of Drought Stress at Different Growth Stages on Grain Yield and Milling Quality of Rice

WANG Cheng-ai , WANG Bo-lun , ZHANG Wen-xiang , ZHAO Lei , ZHAO Xiu-zhe , GAO Lian-wen , HOU Wen-ping   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-11-10 Published:2007-11-10

不同生育时期干旱胁迫对水稻产量与碾米品质的影响

王成瑷1,*;王伯伦2;张文香1;赵磊1;赵秀哲1;高连文1;侯文平1   

  1. 1南京农业大学 植物保护学院/农业部病虫监测与治理重点开放实验室, 江苏 南京 210095; 2宁夏大学 农学院, 宁夏 银川 750021

Abstract: The effects of soil drought stress(soil water potential,SWP)on grain yield and milling quality of rice were investigated using Nongda 3,a japonica variety,as material through a pot experiment under artificially-controlled soil water potential with a tension-meter.The result indicated that the yield decreased when SWP was reduced to-75 kPa at different growth stages.The sensitivity degree ranked as follows:mid-booting stage(11-20 d before heading)> late booting stage(1-10 d before heading)> mid-tillering stage(11-20 d after transplanting)>early booting stage(21-30 d before heading)> early tillering stage(1-10 d after transplanting)> late tillering stage(21-30 d after transplanting)> milky stage(31-40 d after heading)>heading stage(1-10 d after heading)> filling stage(21-30 d after heading)> wax ripening stage(41-50 d after heading).The sensitive periods to drought before heading were at mid-booting,late booting and mid-tillering stages,and after heading,it was more sensitive from heading to milky stage than at wax ripening stage,but less sensitive than before heading.Mid-booting stage was the most crucial stage affecting brown and milled rice rates,followed by late booting stage.Meanwhile,11-40 d after heading and 1-20 d before heading were the sensitive stages when drought stress might greatly influence head rice rate,although drought stress at other stages also affected head rice rate.

Key words: rice, yield, drought stress, sensitive period

摘要: 以粳稻品种农大3号为材料,利用盆栽的方式人工控制土壤水分(水势),研究了不同生育时期干旱胁迫对水稻产量及碾米品质的影响。各时期干旱均导致产量下降,其敏感程度依次为:孕穗中期(抽穗前11~20 d)>孕穗后期(抽穗前1~10 d)>分蘖中期(移栽后11~20 d)>孕穗前期(抽穗前21~30 d)>分蘖初期(移栽后1~10 d)>分蘖后期(移栽后21~30 d)>乳熟期(抽穗后31~40 d)>抽穗开花期(抽穗后1~10 d)>灌浆期(抽穗后21~30 d)>蜡熟期(抽穗后41~50 d)。抽穗前干旱胁迫的敏感时期主要是孕穗中期、孕穗后期和分蘖中期。抽穗后,抽穗到乳熟期均较蜡熟期对干旱敏感,但对土壤水分变化较抽穗前迟钝。抽穗前干旱胁迫对糙米率和精米率影响最大的时期为孕穗中期,其次为孕穗后期。灌浆期到蜡熟期干旱胁迫,糙米率和精米率明显下降,抽穗后11~40 d干旱胁迫对整精米率的影响最大,其次为抽穗前1~20 d,其他时期干旱虽对整精米率有一定影响,但影响较小。

关键词: 水稻, 产量, 干旱胁迫, 敏感时期, 碾米品质