Abstract: The plant height, heading date, yield and yield components of a set of 265 “Lemont×Teqing” recombinant inbred lines(RIL) were investigated by variance analysis, correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that significant differences between the parents were detected for all measure traits except plant height and panicle number. The frequency of all traits except panicle number in the RIL populations was approximately normally distributed with slight skew. The tremendous transgressive segregation for all traits was observed in the populations. The correlations between grain weight per plant and seed setting rate, grains per panicle, filled grains per panicle, plant height respectively were significantly positive. All traits except 1000 grain weight exhibited a significant positive correlation with plant height. The sequence of characters contribution to the grain weight per plant were as follows: seed setting rate, panicles per plant, grains per panicle, and 1000 grain weight. These four traits contributed 90.7% of genetic variation of the grain weight per plant. Six elite RILs were selected and evaluated the main agronomic traits. These results could be provided some useful information for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and rice breeding.

Key words: rice, recombinant inbred line, agronomic trait, correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis

摘要： 采用方差分析、相关分析和多元逐步回归分析等方法对籼粳交（Lemont×特青）构建的一套包括265个重组自交系（RIL）群体(F14)的株高、生育期、产量和产量构成因子等10个重要农艺性状进行了研究。结果表明，除株高和有效穗以外，8个农艺性状在双亲之间均存在显著或极显著差异。各性状在RIL群体中呈连续变异，分布频率大致接近正态分布，同时存在双向超亲分离现象。单株产量与结实率、粒数和株高呈极显著相关；除千粒重外，所有性状均与株高具有相关性。对单株产量作用大的性状依次为结实率、有效穗、每穗粒数和千粒重，这4个性状解释了单株产量90.7%的变异。另外还对6份优良株系进行了评价。这些结果可为水稻数量性状基因定位分析提供有用的信息，也为水稻育种改良提供理论依据。

关键词: 水稻, 重组自交系, 农艺性状, 相关分析, 逐步回归分析