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2003年, 第11卷, 第1-2期
刊出日期：2003-11-20 上一期    下一期
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Analysis of Introgressed Segments in Nearisogenic Lines for F1 Pollen Sterility in Rice (Oryza sativa) LI Wen-tao, ZENG Rui-zhen, ZHANG Ze-min, Akshay TALUKDAR, ZHANG Gui-quan 2003, 11(1-2): 1-1 .  摘要 ( )   One hundred and fiftyeight microsatellite markers showing polymorphism among parents were used to survey the introgressed segments in the 50 nearisogenic lines of F1 pollen sterility. Two hundred and sixty introgressed segments were detected in 50 nearisogenic lines, each carrying 5.2 introgressed segments on an average. Among the 260 segments, one hundred carrying F1 pollen sterility loci concentrated on the region of F1 pollen sterility genes, and the remaining one hundred and sixty without F1 pollen sterility loci distributed randomly over 12 chromosomes. Both the average number and length of the introgressed segments decreased along with the increase of backcross generations. The number of introgressed segments was less than four and the length was less than 20 cM in the nearisogenic lines after backcrossing for four or more times.

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SCAR Markers Assisted Selection for a Bentazon Susceptible Lethality Gene (ben) in Rice XIANG Tai-he, YANG Jian-bo, YANG Qian-jin, ZHU Qi-sheng, LI Li, HUANG Da-nian  2003, 11(1-2): 6-6 .  摘要 ( )   In progenies resulting from crosses involving rice cultivar Norin 8m susceptible to bentazon as the donor of ben gene, SCARs tightly linked to ben were utilized for selection of ben. The homozygous and heterozygous genotypes with ben could be identified with the SCARs. The molecular markers offer a powerful tool for indirect selection of ben and can accelerate the introgression of ben into current rice cultivars.

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Genetic Identification of a New Small Grain Dwarf Gene in Rice WU Cheng, LI Xiu-lan, DENG Xiao-jian, WANG Ping-rong, LI Ren-duan, YANG Zhi-rong 2003, 11(1-2): 11-11 .  摘要 ( )   The plant material used in the study was rice line 162d, a new small grain dwarf mutant. Polymorphic analysis of 221 SSR loci demonstrated that 162d derived from a semidwarf variety Shuhui 162 through mutation, and 162d and Shuhui 162 were just a pair of near isogenic lines. Genetic analysis of F1 and F2 populations suggested that dwarfism in 162d was controlled by a single recessive gene. phenotypic characteristics of the mutant gene were that plant height was about a quarter of normal height, grain size about a quarter of normal size, leaf was short and broad, and seed setting rate was very low, compared with the near isogenic line Shuhui 162. The mutant gene was sensitive to gibberellin (GA3) treatment and did not located on the region near the centromere of rice chromosome 5, where d1 gene located. Therefore, it was concluded that the mutant gene of 162d was a new small grain dwarf gene in rice.

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Comparison of Grain Quality Characteristics Between F1 Hybrids and Their Parents in Indica Hybrid Rice LIAO Fu-ming, ZHOU Kun-lu, YANG He-hua, XU Qiu-sheng 2003, 11(1-2): 16-16 .  摘要 ( )   Sixteen widespread elite indica parents including seven CMS lines and nine restorer lines, and their 63 F1 hybrids were chosen to compare the eleven traits of grain quality. Overall results showed that the frequency of negative overdominance, dominance and partial dominance was much higher than that of positive ones and heterosis, indicating that the values of F1 hybrids were generally lower than the means of their parents in quality characteristics. There existed apparent disparity in grain quality performance among F1 hybrids varied with the traits. The characteristics of chalky area percentage, chalky grain percentage, gel consistency and head rice recovery had a great variation in all kinds of tested heterosis indices including the midparent heterosis index, over highvalue parent heterosis index and over lowvalue parent heterosis index, which suggested that special attention should be paid to the selection of F1 hybrids in these traits in breeding. The mean values of F1 hybrids were significantly lower than those of their higher parents in all the traits but close to or significantly lower than those of their midparent values except for kernel length and amylose content; and significantly higher than those of their lower parents except for brown rice recovery, milled rice recovery and gel consistency.

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Distribution of the Classification Traits in the F2 Progeny of Two Crosses of indica/japonica in Rice (Oryza sativa) ZHANG Zai-jun, LIANG Cheng-ye, ZHU Ying-guo 2003, 11(1-2): 23-23 .  摘要 ( )   Comparison of seed setting rate, plant height and Cheng′s morphological traits were made between the F2 progeny of indicajaponica hybrids, 02428/Pei′ai 64 and Taichung 65/Teqing. There existed resemblance normal distribution in plant height, and the distribution had no relationship with the seed setting rate and plant height in F1 progeny, suggesting that there were no gametic selection for the plant height in the F2 progeny of indicajaponica hybrids. An average seed setting rate of the F2 was equal to the F1 populations in the recombination of 02428/Pei′ai 64 in which there was an excellent cross compatibility, but the remarkable increase in the seed setting rate from the F1 to F2 in Taichung 65/Teqing, indicating that gametic selection only took place in the indicajaponica crosses with low cross compatibility while null or little in the hybrids with high compatibility. There were many intermediate types among the leaf pubescence, color of hull at heading, and length of the first and second panicle internode, and these Cheng′s morphological traits was distributed normally; there were also a little intermediate types in hull hairness and phenol reaction with bipeak distribution; while length to width ratio of grain was inclined to the japonica types obviously showing a skewed distribution in the F2 population. Although Cheng′s morphological traits in F2 populations had inconsistent distribution types, Cheng′s morphological traits index showed normal distribution, which suggested that intermediate types, i.e. indicalinous or japonicalinous, were primary in F2 population.

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Changes in Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Rice Mutants Induced by High Hydrostatic Pressure BAI Cheng-ke, LI Gui-shuang, PENG Chang-lian, DUAN Jun 2003, 11(1-2): 29-29 .  摘要 ( )   Three mutants of rice (Oryza sativa L.), Mutant 1, Mutant 2 and Mutant 3, which were selected by high hydrostatic pressure (75 MPa), and their parent Yuexiangzhan were used to study the changes in chlorophyll fluorescence during different growth stages. In all the three mutants, the function of PSⅡ was improved, Fv/Fm ratio of mutants increased compared to their parent at tillering and heading stage, and ΦPSⅡ also improved except for Mutant 2 at heading stage. Similar to their parent, the mutants exhibited slight photoinhibition at noon and almost complete recovery to initial levels of 6:00 after 18:00 at heading stage. At milking stage, the photoinhibition in the mutants was obvious, and recovered rapidly compared to the parent. Yields of individual plant and grain/straw ratio were also higher in three mutants than the parent. Results indicated that characteristics of chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of mutants and their photoinhibition in the field had changed. It is suggested that high hydrostatic pressure induction could be applied as a new effective approach in highyield rice breeding in the future.

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Hybrid Rice Resistant to Bacterial Leaf Blight Developed By Marker Assisted Selection CAO Li-yong, ZHUANG Jie-yun, YUAN Shou-jiang, ZHAN Xiao-deng, ZHENG Kang-le, CHENG Shi-hua 2003, 11(1-2): 68-68 .  摘要 ( )   Through recurrent backcrossing in combination with molecular markerassisted selection (MAS), restorer lines R8006 and R1176 carrying Xa21, a gene having broadspectrum resistance to rice bacterial leaf blight, were selected. By crossing the two lines to CMS line Zhong 9A, two new hybrid rice combinations, Zhongyou 6 and Zhongyou 1176 were developed. The hybrids showed high resistance to diseases, good grain quality and high yielding potential in national and provincial adaptability and yield trials.