水稻少蘖直立穗突变体的形态特征和基因定位

doi:10．3969/j．issn．1001G7216．2015．04．003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用EMS(ethylmethane sulfonate)诱变粳稻品种日本晴,筛选到一个能稳定遗传的少蘖直立穗突变体ltep1(low tiller number and erect panicle 1)。该突变体成熟期穗部保持直立,且分蘖减少。ltep1突变体的穗轴壁和茎秆壁较野生型厚,壁厚与外径之比变大。遗传分析表明,该突变表型受隐性单基因控制。利用图位克隆法将ltep1基因定位于水稻第10染色体长臂SSR标记bep16和RM25866之间160 kb的区域内,该区域内尚未发现与水稻穗和分蘖发育相关的基因。

关键词: 水稻, 直立穗型, 分蘖, 形态特征, 基因定位

Abstract:

A novel rice mutant named ltep1 (low tiller number and erect panicle 1) was obtained from the wild type Nipponbare after EMS treatment. It was mainly characterized by erect panicles at the maturity stage with reduced tillers. The results showed that both rachis wall and culm wall in the ltep1 mutant were thicker than those in the wild-type plant, providing the mutant with stronger mechanical endurance. Genetic analysis indicated that the abnormal phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene. By map-based cloning, ltep1 was mapped in a 160 kb region between two SSR markers, bep16 and RM25866, at the long arm of chromosome 10. Since no homologous gene had been found in this region, ltep1 might be a novel gene related to the development of rice panicle and tiller.

Key words: rice, erect panicle, tiller, morphological characteristics, gene mapping

张海波, 曾冬冬, 金晓丽, 郑希, 石春海. 水稻少蘖直立穗突变体的形态特征和基因定位[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2015, 29(4): 350-356.

Hai-bo ZHANG, Dong-dong ZENG, Xiao-li JIN, Xi ZHENG, Chun-hai SHI. Morphological Characteristics and Gene Mapping of a Novel Low Tiller Number and Erect Panicle Mutant in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2015, 29(4): 350-356.

图/表 5

图1 ltep1突变体与野生型的表型比较(A-株型; B-单穗; C-稻谷和糙米。ltep1-突变体; WT-野生型。)

Fig. 1. Phenotypic comparison between wild type and ltep1 mutant plants. (A, Plant phenotype; B, Panicle; C, Shape of paddy rice and brown rice. ltep1, Mutant; WT,Wild type.)

表1 ltep1突变体和野生型的性状比较

Table 1 Comparison of traits of wild type and ltep1 plants.

性状 Trait	野生型 WT			突变体 ltep1
株高Plant height/cm	81.6	±	4.0	63.7	±	3.0^**
有效分蘖数Number of effective tillers	14.7	±	4.3	5.1	±	1.2^**
主穗长度Main panicle length/cm	22.1	±	1.2	19.0	±	0.9^**
主穗弯曲度Main panicle curvature/°	78.1	±	9.3	31.4	±	6.7^**
穗轴直径Rachis diameter/mm	1.03	±	0.03	1.02	±	0.02
一次枝梗数Number of primary branches per panicle	9.7	±	1.1	8.7	±	0.7^**
二次枝梗数Number of secondary branches per panicle	19.8	±	4.0	17.1	±	5.2
一次枝梗粒数Number of grains on primary branch	65.9	±	9.0	59.6	±	9.0^*
二次枝梗粒数Number of grains on secondary branch	56.2	±	8.9	44.9	±	9.2^**
穗粒数Number of spikelets per panicle	122.1	±	16.6	104.5	±	13.2^*
实粒数Number of filled grains per panicle	82.3	±	7.3	55.5	±	20.8^**
结实率Spikelet fertility/%	68.4	±	6.6	49.8	±	13.7^**
稻谷长度Grain length/mm	7.32	±	0.28	7.28	±	0.28
稻谷宽度Grain width/mm	3.23	±	0.22	3.91	±	0.22^**
稻谷厚度Grain thickness/mm	2.18	±	0.08	2.55	±	0.09^**
稻谷千粒重1000-grain weight/g	22.90	±	0.38	29.07	±	0.63^**

图2 ltep1突变体与野生型日本晴穗轴和节间的细胞学观察(ltep1突变体(A)与野生型(B)穗轴横切面比较;ltep1突变体(C)与野生型(D)倒1节间横切面比较;ltep1突变体(E)与野生型(F)倒2节间横切面比较。标尺=0.25 mm(A和B)、0.30 mm(C和D)和0.45 mm(E和F)。)

Fig. 2. Histological observation of the rhachis and internodes at the maturity stage of ltep1 and wild type plants. (Cross section of the rhachis of ltep1 (A) and wild type (B) plants, respectively; Cross section of top first internodes of ltep1 (C) and wild type (D) plants, respectively; Cross section of top second internodes of ltep1 (E) and wild type (F) plants, respectively. Bar = 0.25 mm (A and B), 0.30 mm (C and D) and 0.45 mm (E and F).)

图3 ltep1基因在水稻第10染色体上的分子定位(A-ltep1基因染色体定位的连锁图谱; B-ltep1基因初定位的遗传连锁图谱; C-ltep1基因精细定位的遗传连锁图谱和定位区间所在的BACs。染色体上方为标记名称,染色体下方标明相邻标记遗传距离。)

Fig. 3. Molecular mapping of ltep1 on chromosome 10 of rice. (A, Linkage map of chromosome location of ltep1 with SSR markers; B, Linkage map of ltep1 with additional SSR markers; C, Linkage map of fine mapping of ltep1 and the BACs target interval lies in. Markers are showed above the chromosome, and genetic distances between adjacent markers are showed below the chromosome.)

表2 用于ltep1基因定位的多态性分子标记

Table 2 Polymorphic molecular markers utilized for gene mapping.

标记 Marker	正向引物(5'-3') Forward primer (5'-3')	反向引物(5'-3') Reverse primer (5'-3')
RM25786	ATCGAAACCCTAGCTCCTACACC	GATCTTCCTCGAGAACGTCATCC
RM25816	TCGGAGTAATTAAGCAGCAGACG	ACAATTCTCCCATCTCCATCACC
RM25840	GGTGGAGTCGAAGGTGGAGTCG	CCAACATCGCAAGCACTGAAGC
bep2	GGGCCCAGTCTACGTACAAG	ACAAGAAGCCTCGTCTTCCA
bep15	CTGGCTAAACCAATACAA	CACTGAAAACTATGGACC
bep16	AGCAACTTTTGGCTCATA	TCCGTCTCAATAATCCGT
RM25866	TCTAACTCTGGCCATTAGTCCTTGG	AAGTAGACGAGGACGACGACAGG
RM25875	GATGTACTTGCCAACATGCTCTCC	AGCACACGCGAGTGATGTAACG

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