梯度干旱胁迫对水稻叶片光合和水分状况的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2014.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用温室营养液培养方式，通过添加0%、10%、20%、30% PEG6000模拟干旱胁迫，对水稻幼苗叶片的光合作用和水分状况进行比较分析。结果表明：1）在干旱胁迫下，水稻叶片的光合速率、气孔导度、叶肉导度、总导度和叶绿体内CO2浓度等都显著降低；2）在干旱胁迫条件下，限制光合作用的非气孔限制值并没有显著提高，而气孔限制值则大幅提高；与正常水分条件相比，扬稻6号和汕优63在30％PEG干旱胁迫下气孔限制值分别提高了42％和81％；3）光合速率与气孔导度、叶肉导度、总导度及叶绿体内CO2浓度呈正相关；4）在重度干旱胁迫下（20％和30％），叶片水势和含水量都显著下降，并且叶片水势与气孔导度、叶肉导度和总导度呈正相关。因此，气孔关闭导致的叶绿体内CO2浓度降低是限制光合作用的最主要因素，同时叶片水势的降低增加了叶片内CO2传输的阻力。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 光合速率, 气孔限制值, 非气孔限制值, 叶片水势

Abstract: Hydroponic experiments were conducted to compare photosynthesis and water status in rice leaves under normal conditions and drought stress simulated by addition of 10%, 20% and 30% polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). The results were listed as follows: 1) under drought stress, leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance, total conductance, and chloroplastic CO2 concentration were decreased; 2)there was no significant difference in nonstomatal limitation under drought stress and normal conditions. But compared with normal conditions, stomatal limitation under 30% PEG simulated drought stress in Yangdao 6 and Shanyou 63 were increased by 42% and 81%, respectively; 3) there were positive relationships between photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance, total conductance and chloroplastic CO2 concentration; 4) under severe drought stress (20% and 30%), leaf water potential and water content were decreased significantly. And leaf water potential was positively correlated with stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance and total conductance. Therefore, reduced chloroplastic CO2 concentration resulted from stomatal closure was the major limitation of photosynthesis. And the decreased leaf water potential may increase the internal CO2 transport resistance.

Key words: drought stress, photosynthetic rate, stomatal limitation, nonstomatal limitation, leaf water potential

中图分类号:

丁雷1,李英瑞1,李勇2 ,沈其荣1 ,郭世伟1,*. 梯度干旱胁迫对水稻叶片光合和水分状况的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2014, 28(1): 65-70.

DING Lei1, LI Yingrui1, LI Yong2, SHEN Qirong1, GUO Shiwei1,*. Effects of Drought Stress on Photosynthesis and Water Status of Rice Leaves[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2014, 28(1): 65-70.

参考文献

\[1\]王一凡, 周毓珩. 北方节水稻作. 沈阳: 辽宁科学技术出版社, 2000:12.

\[2\]田华，王兰, 段美洋，等. 水稻抗旱性机理的研究进展. 安徽农学通报, 2009, 15(11): 6566.

\[3\]卢从明, 张其德, 匡廷云，等. 水分胁迫抑制水稻光合作用的机理. 作物学报, 1994, 20(5): 601606.

\[4\]Hu L X, Wang Z L, Huang B R. Diffusion limitations and metabolic factors associated with inhibition and recovery of photosynthesis from drought stress in a C3 perennial grass species. Physiol Plant, 2010, 139（1）: 93106.

\[5\]王贺正, 徐国伟，马均，等.水分胁迫对水稻生长发育及产量的影响. 中国种业, 2009(1):4749.

\[6\]Lauteri M, Scartazza A, Guido M C, et al. Genetic variation in photosynthetic capacity, carbon isotope discrimination and mesophyll conductance in provenances of Castanea Sativa adapted to different environments. Funct Ecol, 1997, 11（6）: 675683.

\[7\]Bates L M, Hall A E. Stomatal closure with soil water depletion not associated with changes in bulk leaf water status. Oecologia, 1981, 50: 6265.

\[8\]Sharkey T D, Seemann J R. Mild water stress effects on carbonreductioncycle intermediates, Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase activity, and spatial homogeneity of photosynthesis in intact leaves.Plant Physiol, 1989, 89（4）: 10601065.

\[9\]Chaitanya K V, Jutur P P, Sundar D, et al. Water stress effects on photosynthesis in different mulberry cultivars. Plant Growth Regul, 2003, 40: 7580.

\[10\]Becker T W, Fock H P. Effects of water stress on the gas exchange, the activities of some enzymes of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and on the pool sizes of some organic acids in maize leaves. Photosynth Res, 1986, 8: 175181.

\[11\]曲延英, 穆平，李雪琴,等. 水、旱栽培条件下水稻叶片水势与抗旱性的相关分析及其QTL定位. 作物学报,2008, 34(2): 198206.

\[12\]邱泽森, 朱庆森, 刘建国，等. 水稻在不同土水势下的生理反应. 江苏农学院学报, 1993, 14(2): 711.

\[13\] Li Y, Gao Y X, Xu X M et al. Lightsaturated photosynthetic rate in highnitrogen rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves is related to chloroplastic CO2concentration. J Exp Bot, 2009, 60（8）: 23512360.

\[14\]Harley P C, Loreto F, Marco G D et al. Theoretical considerations when estimating the mesophyll conductance to CO2 flux by analysis of the response of photosynthesis to CO2. Plant Physiol, 1992,98（4）: 14291436.

\[15\]Bernacchi C J, Portis A R, Nakano H,et al. Temperature response of mesophyll conduntance.Implications for the determination of rubisco enzyme kinetics and for limitations to photosynthesis in vivo. Plant Physiol, 2002,130:19921998.

\[16\]Grassi G, Magnani F. Stomatal, mesophyll conductance and biochemical limitations to photosynthesis as affected by drought and leaf ontogeny in ash and oak trees. Plant, Cell Environ, 2005,28（7）: 834849.

\[17\]Berry J A,Downton W J. Environmental regulation of photosynthesis//Govindjee. Photosynthesis Vol II.New York:Academia Press,1982: 263343.

\[18\]Jia W S, Davies W J. Modification of leaf apoplastic pH in relation to stomatal sensitivity to rootsourced abscisic acid signals. Plant Physiol, 2007,143(1): 6877.

\[19\]Wilkinson S, Davies W J. Xylem sap pH increase: A drought signal received at the apoplastic face of the guard cell that involves the suppression of saturable abscisic acid uptake by the epidermal symplast. Plant Physiol, 1997, 113(2): 559573.

\[20\]Chaitanya K V, Jutur P P, Sundar D,et al. Water stress effects on photosynthesis in different mulberry cultivars. Plant Growth Regul, 2003, 40(1): 7580.

\[21\] Li Y, Ren B B, Yang X X, et al., Chloroplast downsizing under nitrate nutrition restrained mesophyll conductance and photosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under drought conditions. Plant Cell Physiol, 2012, 53(5): 892900.

\[22\]Leegood R C, Sharkey T D, von Caemmerer S. Photosynthesis: Physiology and metabolism. New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004,130:19921998.

\[23\]Linka M, Weber A P M. Shuffling ammonia between mitochondria and plastids during photorespiration. Trends Plant Sci, 2005, 10（10）: 461465.

\[24\]Wingler A, Lea P J, Quick W P, et al. Espiration: Metabolic pathways and their role in stress protection. Philosoph Trans Royal Soc, 2000, 355: 15171529.

\[25\]Guo S W, Zhou Y, Shen Q R, et al. Effect of ammonium and nitrate nutrition on some physiological processes in higher plantsgrowth, photosynthesis, photorespiration, and water relations. Plant Biol, 2007, 9: 2129.

\[26\]Kozaki A, Takeba G. Photorespiration protects C3 plants from photooxidation. Nature, 1996,384: 557560.

\[27\]Flexas J, Bota J, Galmes J, et al. Keeping a positive carbon balance under adverse conditions: Responses of photosynthesis and respiration to water stress. Physiol Plant, 2006. 127(3): 343352.

\[28\] Cornic G. Drought stress inhibits photosynthesis by decreasing stomatal aperture not by affecting ATP synthesis. Trends Plant Sci, 2000, 5: 187188.

\[29\] Parry M A J, Andralojc P J, Khan S, et al. Rubisco activity: Effects of drought stress. Ann Bot, 2002, 89:833839.

\[30\]Flexas J, RibasCarbo' M, Hanson D T et al. Tobacco aquaporin NtAQP1 is involved in mesophyll conductance to CO2 in vivo. Plant J, 2006,48（3）: 427439.

\[31\]Maurel C. Plant aquaporins: Novel functions and regulation properties. Fed Eur Biochem Soc, 2007, 581: 22272236.

\[32\]Katsuhara M, Hanba YT. Barley plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIP Aquaporins) as water and CO2 transporters. Pflügers Arch: Europ J Physiol, 2008, 456: 687691.

\[33\]Hanba Y T, Shibasaka M, Hayashi Y, et al. Overexpression of the barley aquaporin HvPIP2;1 increases internal CO2 conductance and CO2 assimilation in the leaves of transgenic rice plants. Plant Cell Physiol, 2004,45: 521529.

\[34\]Uehlein N, Otto B, Hanson DT, et al. Function of nicotiana tabacum aquaporins as chloroplast gas pores challenges the concept of membrane CO2 permeability. Plant Cell, 2008, 20（3）: 648657.

[1]	杨晓龙, 程建平, 汪本福, 李阳, 张枝盛, 李进兰, 李萍. 灌浆期干旱胁迫对水稻生理性状和产量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2021, 35(1): 38-46.
[2]	陈苏, 谢建坤, 黄文新, 陈登云, 彭晓剑, 付学琴. 根际促生细菌对干旱胁迫下水稻生理特性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2018, 32(5): 485-492.
[3]	卞金龙, 蒋玉兰, 刘艳阳, 冯咏芳, 刘贺, 夏仕明, 刘立军. 干湿交替灌溉对抗旱性不同水稻品种产量的影响及其生理原因分析[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2017, 31(4): 379-390.
[4]	杨永杰, 杨雪芹, 张彩霞, 符冠富, 陈婷婷, 陶龙兴. 干旱胁迫下NO 对水稻日本晴叶片生理特性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2015, 29(1): 65-72.
[5]	付景1,2,王志琴1,袁莉民1,王学明1,杨建昌1,*. 施氮量对超级稻产量和一些生理性状的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2014, 28(4): 391-400.
[6]	甄晓辉1,沈唯军1,张小娟1 ,徐金刚1 ,张启军2,吕川根2,陈国祥1，3，* ,高志萍1，* . 水稻白条纹突变体6001剑叶光合功能衰老特性研究[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2014, 28(1): 49-56.
[7]	付坚1,Linkun GU2 ,郭怡卿1,Liyuan ZHANG 2,王玲仙1,李定琴1,王波1 ,Jeff Qingxi SHEN2,,程在全1,. 干旱胁迫的水稻根高效酵母双杂交体系建立[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2013, 27(2): 198-202.
[8]	马廷臣1，2 陈荣军3余蓉蓉1曾汉来2张端品2,*. 渗透胁迫下水稻根系核仁小分子RNA转录本变化的全基因组表达分析[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2012, 26(1): 16-20.
[9]	符冠富,陶龙兴,宋健,熊杰,王熹. 花期干旱胁迫对籼稻近等基因系育性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2011, 25(6): 613-620.
[10]	张小丽,刘敏,商奇,葛才林. 水稻叶片中活性甲基循环、转移相关基因对干旱胁迫的应答[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2011, 25(3): 236-242 .
[11]	张顺堂,张桂莲 ,陈立云,肖应辉 . 高温胁迫对水稻剑叶净光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2011, 25(3): 335-338 .
[12]	张建福, 朱永生,蔡秋华,卓传营,张上守,郑荣和,谢华安,. 再生稻净光合速率与产量及其构成因素的相关性分析[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2011, 25(1): 103-106 .
[13]	艾林,李召虎,李建民,田晓莉,王保民,翟志席,段留生. 植物生长物质冠菌素诱导旱稻、水稻幼苗抗旱性的效应及生理机制[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2008, 22(4): 443-446 .
[14]	戴高兴,彭克勤,邓国富,萧浪涛,张雪芹. 聚乙二醇模拟干旱对耐低钾水稻幼苗光合特性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2008, 22(1): 99-102 .
[15]	王成瑷,王伯伦,张文香,赵磊,赵秀哲,高连文,侯文平. 不同生育时期干旱胁迫对水稻产量与碾米品质的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(6): 643-649 .