乙烯利诱导水稻根内通气组织形成的研究

中国水稻科学

乙烯利诱导水稻根内通气组织形成的研究

孔妤^{1, 2},王忠^{1, 2,*},顾蕴洁²,熊飞², 陈刚²,韩鹰³

¹江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室，江苏扬州 225009； ²扬州大学生物科学与技术学院，江苏扬州 225009； 3苏州农业职业技术学院，江苏苏州 215008； *通讯联系人， E-mail:wangzhong@yzu.edu.cn

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-01-10 发布日期:2009-01-10

Induction of Ethephon on Aerenchyma Formation in Rice Roots

KONG Yu ^{1， 2}, WANG Zhong ^1，2，*, GU Yunjie ², XIONG Fei ², CHEN Gang ², HAN Ying³

¹ Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou 225009, China; ²College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; ³ Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou 215008, China; *Corresponding author, E-mail: wangzhong@yzu.edu.cn

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-01-10 Published:2009-01-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以扬稻6号（Oryza sativa L.）幼苗为材料，研究乙烯利对根内组成型通气组织形成的影响。结果表明，随营养液中乙烯利浓度的增高，中皮层部位细胞解体形成通气空腔数增多，超氧化物歧化酶的活性呈下降趋势；以正常生长的水稻根系为对照，100 mg/L乙烯利处理后根尖10 mm和距根尖10 mm以上部位的木葡聚糖转葡糖苷酶（XET）基因表达量均显著高于对照相应部位，XET基因的积累与通气组织形成具有一致性；对处理与对照根尖10 mm部位超微结构比较发现，乙烯利处理后根系皮层细胞发生死亡解体的时间早，在距离根尖4 mm处多数细胞内核已解体消亡，细胞壁周围可见较多的高尔基体、线粒体和膜包裹的空泡等。

关键词: 水稻, 根, 乙烯利, 组成型通气组织, 木葡聚糖转葡糖苷酶基因

Abstract: The effects of ethephon on the constitutive aerenchyma formation in the roots were studied with Yangdao 6 as material. The results showed that the number of air spaces formed by disintegrated cells in mediopellis increased significantly with the rising ethephon concentrations, while superoxide dismutase enzyme activity showed downward trends. Compared with the control, the expression levels of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase(XET) gene were markedly higher both at apical 10 mm and distal part of roots in the 100 mg/L ethephon treated plants. The accumulation of XET gene was supposed to be associated with the aerenchyma development. Furthermore, earlier cortical cell death was observed under ethephon treatment，most of nucleus of cells at 4 mm from the root apex disintegrated with many Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and membranebound vesicles around the cell wall.

Key words: rice, root, ethephon, constitutive aerenchyma, xyloglucan endotransglycosylase gene

孔妤王忠, 顾蕴洁,熊飞, 陈刚,韩鹰. 乙烯利诱导水稻根内通气组织形成的研究
[J]. 中国水稻科学 2009,23(1): 65-65～70 . .

KONG Yu ,WANG Zhong ,GU Yunjie ,XIONG Fei ,CHEN Gang ,HAN Ying. Induction of Ethephon on Aerenchyma Formation in Rice Roots[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science 2009,23(1): 65-65～70 ..

参考文献

[1]李玉昌, 李阳生, 李绍清. 淹涝胁迫对水稻生长发育危害与耐淹性机理研究的进展. 中国水稻科学, 1998, 12（增刊）: 70-76.

[2]Drew M C, Jackson M B, Giffard S. Ethylenepromoted adventitious rooting and development of cortical air spaces (aerenchyma) in roots may be adaptive responses to flooding in Zea mays L. Planta, 1979, 147(1): 83-88.

[3]Jackson M B. Ethylene and responses of plants to soil waterlogging and submergence. Annu Rev Plant Physiol, 1985, 36: 145-174.

[4]王高鸿, 王辉, 黄久常. 乙烯利诱导玉米根皮层通气组织的形成与程序化细胞死亡的关系. 华中师范大学学报:自然科学版, 2000, 34(4): 463-467.

[5]Arunika H L, Gunawardena A N, Pearce D M, et al. Characterization of programmed cell death during aerenchyma formation induced by ethylene or hypoxia in roots of maize. Planta, 2001, 212(2): 205-214.

[6]He C J, Morgan P W, Drew M C. Transduction of an ethylene signal is required for cell death and lysis in the root cortex of maize during aerenchyma formation induced by hypoxia. Plant Physiol, 1996, 112(2): 463-472.

[7]王文泉, 郑永战, 梅鸿献, 等. 厌氧诱导木葡聚糖转葡糖苷酶(XET)基因在芝麻和小麦根中的表达. 农业生物技术学报, 2004， 12(3): 258-263.

[8]Muhlenbock P, Plaszczyca M, Plaszczyca M, et al. Lysigenous aerenchyma formation in Arabidopsis is controlled by lesion simulating disease. Plant Cell, 2007, 19(11): 3819-3830.

[9]Colmer T D, Cox M C H, Voesenek L A C J. Root aeration in rice (Oryza sativa): Evaluation of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ethylene as possible regulators of root acclimatizations. New Phytol, 2006, 170(4): 767-778.

[10]Visser E J W, Bgemann G M. Aerenchyma formation in the wetland plant Juncus effusus is independent of ethylene. New Phytol, 2006, 171(2): 305-314.

[11]Justin S H F W, Armstrong W. Evidence for the involvement of ethene in aerenchyma formation in adventitious roots of rice (Oryza sativa L.). New Phytol, 1991， 118: 49-62.

[12]Jackson M B, Fenning T M, Jenkins W. Aerenchyma (Gasspace) formation in adventitious roots of rice (Oryza sativa L.) is not controlled by ethylene or small partial pressures of oxygen. J Exp Bot, 1985, 36(10): 1566-1572.

[13]邹琦. 植物生理学实验指导. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000: 163-165.

[14]Genovesi V, Fornale S, Fry S C, et al. ZmXTH1, a new xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase in maize, affects cell wall structure and composition in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Exp Bot, 2008, 59(4): 875-889.

[15]Saab I N, Sachs M M. A floodinginduced xyloglucan endotransglycosylase homolog in maize is responsive to ethylene and associated with aerenchyma. Plant Physiol, 1996, 112 (1): 385-391.

[16]王金祥, 严小龙, 潘瑞炽.不定根形成与植物激素的关系.植物生理学通讯, 2005, 41(2): 133-141.

[17]Campbell R, Drew M C. Electron microscopy of gas space (aerenchyma) formation in adventitious roots of Zea mays L. subjected to oxygen shortage. Planta, 1983, 157（4）: 350-357.

[18]Drew M C, He C J, Morgan P W. Programmed cell death and aerenchyma formation in roots. Trends Plant Sci, 2000, 5(3): 123-127.

[19]魏和平, 利容千, 王建波, 等. 受淹玉米根内通气组织形成时纤维素酶活性超微细胞化学定位. 作物学报, 2006, 32(1): 84-87.

[20]Kawai M, Samarajeewal P K, Barrerol R A, et al. Cellular dissection of the degradation pattern of cortical cell death during aerenchyma formation of rice roots. Planta, 1998, 204: 277-287.

[21]Kim H M, Ahn J W. Activation of the programmed cell death pathway by inhibition of proteasome function in plants. Biol Chem, 2003, 278（21）: 19406-19415.

[22]Voesenek L A C J, Colmer T D, Pierik R, et al. How plants cope with complete submergence. New Phytol, 2006, 170(2): 213-226.

[23]田敏, 饶龙兵, 李纪元. 植物细胞中的活性氧及其生理作用. 植物生理学通讯, 2005, 41（2）: 235-241.

[24]樊明寿, 张福锁. 植物通气组织的形成过程和生理生态学意义. 植物生理学通讯, 2002, 38(6): 615-618.