利用选择导入系进行水稻耐低磷鉴定与QTL定位分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2015.01.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选取我国当前生产上大面积推广应用的籼稻恢复系明恢86和蜀恢527作为轮回亲本,以籼稻品种爷驼崽为供体亲本构建了2个BC₂F₄群体,在河北廊坊田间正常土壤正常施肥(对照)、贫瘠土壤正常施肥和贫瘠土壤低磷胁迫这三种处理下进行产量及相关性状的表型评价。同时,在北京温室采用水培法进行苗期耐低磷鉴定。在廊坊检测到49个产量及相关性状主效QTL,这些QTL对表型变异的贡献率为6.7%~16.5%; 其中有25个(51.0%) QTL的有利等位基因来自供体亲本爷驼崽。在北京检测到影响耐低磷相关性状(根长、根系干质量、根冠比、地上部分干质量和总干质量)的主效QTL 48个,这些QTL对表型变异的贡献率为7.7%~16.6%; 其中有21个(43.8%) QTL的有利等位基因来自供体亲本爷驼崽。多达79.6%的QTL能在廊坊环境两个或两个以上处理下被检测到,特别是与每穗总粒数、结实率和千粒重有关的QTL,不仅能稳定的表达,并且它们在不同处理下具有比较一致的效应。在检测到的所有QTL中,有8个染色体区段在两种环境的低磷胁迫条件下被同时检测到,其中与第12染色体RM511(Bin12.4)紧密连锁的位点,同时控制每穗实粒数、每穗总粒数、根长、根系干质量、地上部分干质量和总干质量等6个性状。

关键词: 水稻, 低磷胁迫, 产量性状, 导入系, 数量性状基因座

Abstract:

Two BC₂F₄ backcrossing populations were generated by using the two widely used elite indica restorers in China, Shuhui 527 and Minghui 86 as recurrent parents, the indica variety Yetuozai as donor. The grain yield and its related traits were evaluated under normal fertilizer application level in normal soil (as control) and in poor soil, low phosphorus stress conditions in poor soil in Langfang, Hebei Province. Meanwhile, the introgressed lines (ILs) of two populations were investigated at seedling stage using nutrient solution in the glasshouse in Beijing. A total of 49 main-effect QTLs underlying yield related traits were identified, the contribution of phenotypic variations ranged from 6.7% to 16.5%. Of which, 25 (51.0%) QTLs had favorable alleles from donor parent. A total of 48 main-effect QTLs were identified for yield related traits, the contribution of phenotypic variations ranged from 7.7% to 16.6%. Of which, 21(43.8%) QTLs had favorable alleles from donor parent. About 79.6% of the QTLs can be detected repeatedly under two or more treatments, especially those QTLs associated with grain number per panicle, spikelet fertility and thousand grain weight which displayed consistent phenotypic effects. Among all detected QTLs, eight could be simultaneously identified across two environments. RM511(Bin.12.4) on chromosome 12 showed the most strong pleiotropism, simultaneously controlling filled grain weight, total grain weight per panicle, root length, dry weight of root, dry weight of shoot and total dry weight.

Key words: rice, low-phosphorus stress, yield related trait, introgression line, quantitative trait locus

中图分类号:

任洁, 赵秀琴, 丁在松, 项超, 张晶, 王超, 张俊巍, 张强, 庞昀龙, 高用明, 石英尧. 利用选择导入系进行水稻耐低磷鉴定与QTL定位分析[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2015, 29(1): 1-13.

Jie REN, Xiu-qin ZHAO, Zai-song DING, Chao XIANG, Jing ZHANG, Chao WANG, Jun-wei ZHANG, Augustino JOSEPH Charles, Qiang ZHANG, Yun-long PANG, Yong-ming GAO, Ying-yao SHI. Dissection and QTL Mapping of Low-phosphorus Tolerance Using Selected Introgression Lines in Rice[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2015, 29(1): 1-13.

图/表 9

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取样时期和土壤样品 Sampling time and soil sample	含量 Content / (g·kg^-1)						pH值 pH value
取样时期和土壤样品 Sampling time and soil sample	有机质 Organic matter		全氮 Total N	碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolyzable N	有效磷 Olsen-P	速效钾 Available K	pH值 pH value
播种前Before sowing
A	13.71	1.11		0.06	0.04	0.10	8.4
B	7.85	0.57		0.04	0.01	0.07	8.6
P	8.20	0.62		0.04	0.01	0.07	8.6
拔节期(第1次施肥7 d后) Elongation stage (7 d after the 1st fertilizer application)
A		1.12		0.08	0.04
B		0.55		0.04	0.01
P		0.56		0.04	0.01
孕穗期之前(第2次施肥前) Before booting stage(before the 2nd fertilizer application)
A		0.96		0.07	0.03
B		0.51		0.04	0.01
P		0.53		0.04	0.01
孕穗期(第2次施肥7 d后) Booting stage(7 d after the 2nd fertilizer application)
A		0.95		0.06	0.03
B		0.55		0.05	0.01
P		0.48		0.04	0.01
收获后After harvest
A	13.35	1.02		0.06	0.03	0.08	8.2
B	7.42	0.53		0.03	0.01	0.06	8.2
P	7.05	0.54		0.03	0.01	0.06	8.2

取样时期和土壤样品 Sampling time and soil sample	含量 Content / (g·kg^-1)						pH值 pH value
取样时期和土壤样品 Sampling time and soil sample	有机质 Organic matter		全氮 Total N	碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolyzable N	有效磷 Olsen-P	速效钾 Available K	pH值 pH value
播种前Before sowing
A	13.71	1.11		0.06	0.04	0.10	8.4
B	7.85	0.57		0.04	0.01	0.07	8.6
P	8.20	0.62		0.04	0.01	0.07	8.6
拔节期(第1次施肥7 d后) Elongation stage (7 d after the 1st fertilizer application)
A		1.12		0.08	0.04
B		0.55		0.04	0.01
P		0.56		0.04	0.01
孕穗期之前(第2次施肥前) Before booting stage(before the 2nd fertilizer application)
A		0.96		0.07	0.03
B		0.51		0.04	0.01
P		0.53		0.04	0.01
孕穗期(第2次施肥7 d后) Booting stage(7 d after the 2nd fertilizer application)
A		0.95		0.06	0.03
B		0.55		0.05	0.01
P		0.48		0.04	0.01
收获后After harvest
A	13.35	1.02		0.06	0.03	0.08	8.2
B	7.42	0.53		0.03	0.01	0.06	8.2
P	7.05	0.54		0.03	0.01	0.06	8.2

材料与处理 Material and treatment	抽穗期 HD/d	株高 PH/cm	单株有效穗数 PN	穗长 PL/cm	每穗实粒数 FGP
蜀恢527 Shuhui 527
A	112.3±2.5 b	105.0±1.9 a	5.7±0.7 a	26.2±1.1 a	168.2±23.6 a
B	112.3±1.5 b	98.9±3.7 b	5.3±0.8 a	25.0±0.9 a	132.9±16.4 a b
P	116.3±0.6 a	98.1±2.5 b	4.6±0.3 a	25.6±1.2 a	130.3±12.4 b
明恢86 Minghui 86
A	112.0±1.7 a	107.1±0.8 a	5.0±0.8 a	25.7±2.0 a	157.1±12.5 a
B	110.7±1.2 a	95.6±2.8 b	4.3±0.6 a	22.9±0.2 a	123.8±20.3 ab
P	113.7±2.1 a	92.7±2.1 b	4.3±1.2 a	23.4±2.6 a	120.8±17.3 b
爷驼崽 Yetuozai
A	122.3±1.2 a	100.5±4.1 a	4.9±1.4 a	25.0±0.2 ab	160.9±14.0 a
B	120.3±1.2 b	100.5±3.0 a	5.4±0.5 a	25.9±0.6 a	177.3±16.3 a
P	122.7±0.6 a	95.9±2.1 a	4.8±1.1 a	24.3±0.8 b	155.6±12.5 a
蜀恢527/爷驼崽群体 Shuhui 527/Yetuozai population
A	114.2±2.5 b	106.0±4.6 a	5.4±0.7 a	25.5±1.7 a	137.7±21.9 a
B	114.5±2.2 b	102.8±4.4 b	5.4±0.7 a	25.0±1.7 a	137.3±20.8 a
P	116.7±2.3 a	100.6±4.4c	5.3±0.8 a	25.1±1.5 a	142.8±22.4 a
变幅Range
A	107.7~120.0	97.7~120.7	3.9~7.9	21.4~29.4	92.7~186.1
B	108.0~121.0	92.3~115.5	3.9~7.0	19.8~28.6	100.9~200.0
P	111.7~123.3	88.5~112.9	3.7~7.4	21.0~28.1	93.5~191.8
明恢86/爷驼崽群体 Minghui 86/Yetuozai population
A	115.4±1.7 b	109.4±6.1 a	5.4±0.7 a	27.1±1.5 a	156.6±27.5 a
B	115.3±1.2 b	106.1±6.0 b	5.0±0.7 ab	26.7±1.3 a	164.1±21.2 a
P	116.9±1.4 a	101.7±5.2c	4.8±0.8 b	26.4±1.2 a	159.3±26.3 a
变幅Range
A	112.0~121.7	96.7~123.7	4.1~7.0	22.8~30.9	104.7~223.3
B	113.3~118.0	95.5~119.4	4.0~6.3	24.1~29.3	119.9~213.9
P	114.0~120.3	89.8~111.0	2.9~6.7	23.7~29.0	114.3~239.0
材料与处理 Material and treatment	每穗总粒数 SNP	结实率 SF/%	千粒重 TGW/g	单株产量 GY/g	单株生物量 BI/g	收获指数 HI
蜀恢527 Shuhui 527
A	195.9±27.3 a	85.8±0.8 a	29.8±0.3 a	19.9±2.4 a	35.5±4.2 a	0.56±0 a
B	153.1±17.9 b	86.8±3.0 a	29.1±0.5 a	16.1±2.0 b	32.0±4.0 a	0.50±0 ab
P	162.1±16.9 ab	80.6±5.9 a	27.6±1.0 b	16.2±0.8 b	34.1±2.0 a	0.48±0.1 b
明恢86 Minghui 86
A	191.0±14.7 a	82.4±5.8 a	25.8±0.1 a	14.3±0.8 a	30.2±3.8 a	0.48±0 a
B	145.2±16.9 b	85.0±4.2 a	25.4±1.2 a	11.8±1.8 ab	25.7±3.4 a	0.46±0 ab
P	159.5±21.3 ab	75.8±5.6 a	23.8±0.7 b	9.1±2.4 b	24.3±4.0 a	0.37±0 b
爷驼崽 Yetuozai
A	184.6±9.9 a	87.2±5.4 a	19.5±1.1 ab	11.8±2.0 a	26.4±3.6 a	0.45±0.1 a
B	195.5±12.3 a	90.6±3.2 a	20.4±0.2 a	13.0±0.6 a	32.4±2.9 a	0.40±0 a
P	179.5±10.7 a	86.6±2.8 a	18.4±0.5 b	10.2±1.9 a	28.1±4.2 a	0.41±0 a
蜀恢527/爷驼崽群体 Shuhui 527/Yetuozai population
A	171.0±25.1 a	80.5±4.5 b	28.5±2.2 a	16.4±3.0 a	32.7±5.5 a	0.50±0 a
B	164.7±22.2 a	83.7±4.3 a	28.8±2.3 a	17.2±2.6 a	35.7±6.1 a	0.48±0 b
P	173.0±24.5 a	82.5±5.0 a b	27.7±1.9 b	16.2±3.5 a	34.7±7.2 a	0.47±0 b
变幅Range
A	118.6~226.2	69.8~88.9	21.3~32.4	8.7~23.9	20.0~46.2	0.39~0.62
B	113.9~225.4	71.3~92.7	21.2~32.9	11.4~22.8	23.7~55.4	0.40~0.56
P	118.7~221.2	67.8~91.7	22.0~31.4	8.9~29.2	22.5~60.0	0.30~0.56
明恢86/爷驼崽群体 Minghui 86/Yetuozai population
A	208.0±34.0 a	75.3±6.4 a	27.4±1.9 a	17.9±3.4 a	36.7±6.1 a	0.49±0 a
B	206.4±25.0 a	79.8±4.6 a	27.5±1.7 a	17.7±2.6 ab	35.5±5.5 ab	0.50±0 a
P	202.9±29.8 a	78.4±6.3 a	26.9±1.9 a	16.1±3.6 b	33.2±7.5 b	0.49±0 a
变幅Range
A	130.6~283.9	57.3~84.9	21.8~31.5	10.9~24.9	23.1~51.6	0.41~0.60
B	159.3~266.1	70.9~90.2	22.3~30.7	12.2~25.3	23.9~47.7	0.34~0.68
P	158.0~278.2	65.0~89.5	20.6~30.8	10.4~26.3	21.9~51.6	0.39~0.60

材料与处理 Material and treatment	抽穗期 HD/d	株高 PH/cm	单株有效穗数 PN	穗长 PL/cm	每穗实粒数 FGP
蜀恢527 Shuhui 527
A	112.3±2.5 b	105.0±1.9 a	5.7±0.7 a	26.2±1.1 a	168.2±23.6 a
B	112.3±1.5 b	98.9±3.7 b	5.3±0.8 a	25.0±0.9 a	132.9±16.4 a b
P	116.3±0.6 a	98.1±2.5 b	4.6±0.3 a	25.6±1.2 a	130.3±12.4 b
明恢86 Minghui 86
A	112.0±1.7 a	107.1±0.8 a	5.0±0.8 a	25.7±2.0 a	157.1±12.5 a
B	110.7±1.2 a	95.6±2.8 b	4.3±0.6 a	22.9±0.2 a	123.8±20.3 ab
P	113.7±2.1 a	92.7±2.1 b	4.3±1.2 a	23.4±2.6 a	120.8±17.3 b
爷驼崽 Yetuozai
A	122.3±1.2 a	100.5±4.1 a	4.9±1.4 a	25.0±0.2 ab	160.9±14.0 a
B	120.3±1.2 b	100.5±3.0 a	5.4±0.5 a	25.9±0.6 a	177.3±16.3 a
P	122.7±0.6 a	95.9±2.1 a	4.8±1.1 a	24.3±0.8 b	155.6±12.5 a
蜀恢527/爷驼崽群体 Shuhui 527/Yetuozai population
A	114.2±2.5 b	106.0±4.6 a	5.4±0.7 a	25.5±1.7 a	137.7±21.9 a
B	114.5±2.2 b	102.8±4.4 b	5.4±0.7 a	25.0±1.7 a	137.3±20.8 a
P	116.7±2.3 a	100.6±4.4c	5.3±0.8 a	25.1±1.5 a	142.8±22.4 a
变幅Range
A	107.7~120.0	97.7~120.7	3.9~7.9	21.4~29.4	92.7~186.1
B	108.0~121.0	92.3~115.5	3.9~7.0	19.8~28.6	100.9~200.0
P	111.7~123.3	88.5~112.9	3.7~7.4	21.0~28.1	93.5~191.8
明恢86/爷驼崽群体 Minghui 86/Yetuozai population
A	115.4±1.7 b	109.4±6.1 a	5.4±0.7 a	27.1±1.5 a	156.6±27.5 a
B	115.3±1.2 b	106.1±6.0 b	5.0±0.7 ab	26.7±1.3 a	164.1±21.2 a
P	116.9±1.4 a	101.7±5.2c	4.8±0.8 b	26.4±1.2 a	159.3±26.3 a
变幅Range
A	112.0~121.7	96.7~123.7	4.1~7.0	22.8~30.9	104.7~223.3
B	113.3~118.0	95.5~119.4	4.0~6.3	24.1~29.3	119.9~213.9
P	114.0~120.3	89.8~111.0	2.9~6.7	23.7~29.0	114.3~239.0
材料与处理 Material and treatment	每穗总粒数 SNP	结实率 SF/%	千粒重 TGW/g	单株产量 GY/g	单株生物量 BI/g	收获指数 HI
蜀恢527 Shuhui 527
A	195.9±27.3 a	85.8±0.8 a	29.8±0.3 a	19.9±2.4 a	35.5±4.2 a	0.56±0 a
B	153.1±17.9 b	86.8±3.0 a	29.1±0.5 a	16.1±2.0 b	32.0±4.0 a	0.50±0 ab
P	162.1±16.9 ab	80.6±5.9 a	27.6±1.0 b	16.2±0.8 b	34.1±2.0 a	0.48±0.1 b
明恢86 Minghui 86
A	191.0±14.7 a	82.4±5.8 a	25.8±0.1 a	14.3±0.8 a	30.2±3.8 a	0.48±0 a
B	145.2±16.9 b	85.0±4.2 a	25.4±1.2 a	11.8±1.8 ab	25.7±3.4 a	0.46±0 ab
P	159.5±21.3 ab	75.8±5.6 a	23.8±0.7 b	9.1±2.4 b	24.3±4.0 a	0.37±0 b
爷驼崽 Yetuozai
A	184.6±9.9 a	87.2±5.4 a	19.5±1.1 ab	11.8±2.0 a	26.4±3.6 a	0.45±0.1 a
B	195.5±12.3 a	90.6±3.2 a	20.4±0.2 a	13.0±0.6 a	32.4±2.9 a	0.40±0 a
P	179.5±10.7 a	86.6±2.8 a	18.4±0.5 b	10.2±1.9 a	28.1±4.2 a	0.41±0 a
蜀恢527/爷驼崽群体 Shuhui 527/Yetuozai population
A	171.0±25.1 a	80.5±4.5 b	28.5±2.2 a	16.4±3.0 a	32.7±5.5 a	0.50±0 a
B	164.7±22.2 a	83.7±4.3 a	28.8±2.3 a	17.2±2.6 a	35.7±6.1 a	0.48±0 b
P	173.0±24.5 a	82.5±5.0 a b	27.7±1.9 b	16.2±3.5 a	34.7±7.2 a	0.47±0 b
变幅Range
A	118.6~226.2	69.8~88.9	21.3~32.4	8.7~23.9	20.0~46.2	0.39~0.62
B	113.9~225.4	71.3~92.7	21.2~32.9	11.4~22.8	23.7~55.4	0.40~0.56
P	118.7~221.2	67.8~91.7	22.0~31.4	8.9~29.2	22.5~60.0	0.30~0.56
明恢86/爷驼崽群体 Minghui 86/Yetuozai population
A	208.0±34.0 a	75.3±6.4 a	27.4±1.9 a	17.9±3.4 a	36.7±6.1 a	0.49±0 a
B	206.4±25.0 a	79.8±4.6 a	27.5±1.7 a	17.7±2.6 ab	35.5±5.5 ab	0.50±0 a
P	202.9±29.8 a	78.4±6.3 a	26.9±1.9 a	16.1±3.6 b	33.2±7.5 b	0.49±0 a
变幅Range
A	130.6~283.9	57.3~84.9	21.8~31.5	10.9~24.9	23.1~51.6	0.41~0.60
B	159.3~266.1	70.9~90.2	22.3~30.7	12.2~25.3	23.9~47.7	0.34~0.68
P	158.0~278.2	65.0~89.5	20.6~30.8	10.4~26.3	21.9~51.6	0.39~0.60

材料 Materials	处理 Treatment	根长 RRL/cm	根系干质量 RRW/g	地上部分干质量 RSW/g	根冠比 RWRSR	总干质量 RTW/d
蜀恢527 Shuhui 527
	E-D	1.8±2.6 a	0.015±0.003 b	0.048±0.018 a	0.039±0.027 b	0.062±0.021 a
	F-D	4.0±0.3 a	0.026±0.000 a	0.030±0.009 a	0.207±0.035 a	0.056±0.009 a
明恢86 Minghui 86
	E-D	0.1±1.0 a	0.006±0.008 a	0.011±0.015 a	0.011±0.067 b	-0.005±0.062 a
	F-D	0.6±0.9 a	0.008±0.009 a	-0.005±0.023 a	0.160±0.086 a	0.003±0.027 a
爷驼崽(1)Yetuozai
	E-D	0.5±1.8 a	0.003±0.012 a	0.006±0.038 a	0.021±0.082 a	0.010±0.049 a
	F-D	-0.1±2.8 a	0.009±0.009 a	0.001±0.022 a	0.107±0.086 a	0.009±0.029 a
爷驼崽(2)Yetuozai
	E-D	0.1±1.1 b	0.001±0.007 a	-0.001±0.008 a	0.013±0.071 a	-0.002±0.015 a
	F-D	1.8±1.6 a	0.001±0.007 a	-0.021±0.020 b	0.135±0.144 a	-0.020±0.022 a
蜀恢527/爷驼崽群体 Shuhui 527/Yetuozai population
	E-D	0.3±0.9 a	0.005±0.017 a	0.001±0.033 a	0.023±0.042 a	0.008±0.045 a
	F-D	0.6±1.1 a	0.007±0.010 a	-0.015±0.035 a	0.102±0.072 a	-0.007±0.042 a
变幅Range	E-D	-2.1~2.9	-0.037~0.097	-0.153~0.059	-0.102~0.131	-0.180~0.125
	F-D	-2.8~3.1	-0.015~0.040	-0.116~0.073	-0.084~0.406	-0.131~0.093
明恢86/爷驼崽群体 Minghui 86/Yetuozai population
	E-D	0.2±1.2 b	0.001±0.008 a	-0.007±0.019 a	0.026±0.044 b	-0.006±0.025 a
	F-D	0.9±1.0 a	0.004±0.009 a	-0.027±0.019 b	0.154±0.112 a	-0.023±0.026 b
变幅Range	E-D	-2.4~1.6	-0.014~0.014	-0.043~0.044	-0.07~0.127	-0.057~0.057
	F-D	-1.3~3.0	-0.011~0.030	-0.065~0.024	0.054~0.839	-0.064~0.054