中国水稻科学

中国水稻科学

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

杂种稻在不同温度条件下的光合适应性和光合生产力的研究

蔡惟涓；屠曾平；李小林；刘 斌；梁组扬；邱润恒   

  1. 广东省农业科学院，广州510640
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1994-07-10 发布日期:1994-07-10

Adaptability and Productivity of Photosynthesis in Hybrid Rice under Different Temperatures

Cai Weijuan; Tu Zengping; Li Xiaolin; Liu Bin; Liang Zuyang; Qiu Runheng   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1994-07-10 Published:1994-07-10

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被引次数

24

摘要： 在人工气候箱控温条件下比较了杂种稻Lemont／七桂早（Leｅ／七）及其亲本Lemont和七桂早对短期高温中浊处理条件下的光合适应性和光合生产力。当早稻试验植株从室外平均高温29.4℃移至箱内经41℃处理3 h后，七桂早及Lemont两个亲本的单叶净光合速率下降80%左右，而杂种稻L3／七只下降了约50%，表现了较强的抗“高温＋中等强光”所引起的光抑制伤害。Le／七的作物生长率（CGR）及总生物量，无论在早季或晚季，无论在高温或中温条件下，都比双亲明显为高。结合以前关于高低光强适应性试验结果综合分析，可以认为由于光合作用的杂种优势，Le/七在光合适应性及光合生产力方面均比亲本有了明显的提高。

关键词: 杂种优势, 光合生产力, 温度, 适应性

Abstract: Hybrid rice Lemont/Qiguizao(Le/Qi) and its parents, the female one from United States of America, and the male one from South China, were studied under controlled short-term high and moderate temperature in growth chambers to compare their photosynthetic adaptability and productivity. After short-term treatment with 41℃ (3 h), which was 12℃ higher than normal atmospheric high temperature, with light intensity of 650 μmol photons/m2s in early rice in growth chamber, the Pn of all plants were remarkably decreased. Qiguizao and Lemont reduced about 80% of normal Pn, but hybrid Le/Qi only reduced by 50% of normal Pn, showing higher tolerance to the photoinhibition damage caused by suddenly raising temperature with middle high light intensity. The CGR and biomass of Le/Qi were also remakably higher than that of both Qiguizao and Lemont under both high and moderate temperatures. This study and our previous relevant studies on hybrid Le / Qi and its parents, especially to the Qiguizao, show that the utilization of photosynthetic heterosis in the cross of two different light intensity ecotypes of rice is a promising breeding approach to enhancing photosynthctic productivity and wider adaptability.

Key words: Crop growth rate, Hybrid rice, Photoinhibition, Photosynthetic productivity, Photosynthetic rate, Temperature adaptability