水稻MAPK家族基因功能研究进展

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2026.250910

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)级联通路是真核生物中高度保守的信号转导模块，在植物的生长发育、逆境响应和免疫防御中发挥核心作用。作为全球重要的粮食作物和单子叶模式植物，水稻的产量与品质提升直接关系到粮食安全。近年来，大量研究揭示了水稻MAPK家族基因在粒型和穗粒数形成、花药和胚发育、激素信号调控、抗病防御及非生物胁迫适应中发挥重要功能。本文系统综述了水稻MAPK家族的分类与结构特征，梳理了其在生长发育、激素信号转导、抗病免疫及逆境胁迫响应等方面的最新研究进展，并总结了已鉴定的关键MAPK级联通路及其调控机制。该工作为进一步揭示水稻MAPK信号网络提供了参考，同时为提高水稻产量及抗逆性的分子设计育种奠定了理论基础。

关键词: 水稻, 丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK), 生长发育, 胁迫反应

Abstract:

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway is a highly conserved signal transduction module in eukaryotes, playing a central role in plant growth and development, stress responses, and immune defense. As a globally significant food crop and a model monocot plant, rice directly links yield and quality improvements to food security. Recent studies have extensively revealed that genes of the rice MAPK family play crucial roles in grain shape and grain number formation, anther and embryo development, hormone signaling regulation, disease resistance, and adaptation to abiotic stress. This review systematically summarizes the classification and structural characteristics of the rice MAPK family, outlines recent research advances in its roles during growth and development, hormone signaling transduction, disease immunity, and stress responses, and summarizes the key identified MAPK cascade pathways and their regulatory mechanisms. This work provides a reference for further elucidating the rice MAPK signaling network and lays a theoretical foundation for molecular design breeding to enhance rice yield and stress tolerance.

Key words: rice, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), growth and development, stress response

陈春晓, 付琳丽, 张微, 卜庆云, 田晓杰. 水稻MAPK家族基因功能研究进展[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2026, 40(4): 425-435.

CHEN Chunxiao, FU Linli, ZHANG Wei, BU Qingyun, TIAN Xiaojie. Research Progress on the Functions of Rice MAPK Family Genes[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2026, 40(4): 425-435.

图/表 5

参考文献 53

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亚型 Subtype	分组 Group	基因名称 Gene name	基因号 Gene ID	生物学功能 Biological function	参考文献 Reference
TEY	A	OsMPK6	Os06g06090	调控水稻粒型和粒重、株型，籽粒大小与每穗粒数，穗型，花药和胚的发育，调控水稻穗的伸出，稻瘟病和白叶枯病抗性，耐盐碱性，苗期耐冷，耐旱性 Regulation of rice grain shape and weight, plant architecture, grain size and number of grains per panicle, panicle architecture, and the development of anthers and embryos; regulation of rice panicle elongation, resistance to rice blast, bacterial leaf blight, salinity and alkalinity, and cold stress during the seedling stage, drought tolerance	[10-16,18,19 21,24,35,42 50]
TEY	B	OsMPK2	Os08g06060	调控光呼吸Regulating photorespiration	[25]
TEY	C	OsMAPK14	Os02g05480	调控种子休眠Regulating seed dormancy	[23]
TEY	C	OsMPK7	Os06g48590	调控水稻种子休眠，耐盐性 Regulating rice seed dormancy and salt tolerance	[23,48]
TEY	A	OsMPK3	Os03g17700	影响粒长和粒重，稻瘟病，白叶枯病，高温胁迫，水稻的耐冷性 Factors affecting grain length and weight, rice blast, bacterial leaf blight resistance, heat stress, and rice cold tolerance	[9,27 -29,31 47]
TEY	B	OsMPK4	Os10g38950	调控胚发育，白叶枯病、稻曲病抗性 Regulation of embryo development, bacterial leaf blight, rice blast resistance	[22,36,38]
TDY	D	OsMPK20-5	Os05g49140	调控褐飞虱、白背飞虱抗性 Regulating resistance to brown planthoppers and white-backed planthoppers	[39]
TDY	D	OsMPK20-4	Os01g47530	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	D	OsMPK20-2	Os05g50560	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	D	OsMPK20-1	Os01g43910	调控木质素合成 Regulation of lignin synthesis	[26]
TDY	D	OsMPK20-3	Os06g26340	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	D	OsMPK17-1	Os06g49430	调控稻瘟病抗性 Regulation of rice blight resistance	[32]
TDY	E	OsMPK17-2	Os02g04230	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	E	OsMPK14	Os05g05160	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	E	OsMPK16	Os11g17080	调控稻瘟病和白叶枯病抗性 Regulation of rice blast and bacterial leaf blight	[33]
TDY	E	OsMPK21-2	Os01g45620	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	F	OsMPK21-1	Os05g50120	负调控白叶枯病抗性，调控水稻耐旱性 Negatively regulating bacterial leaf blight resistance, modulating rice drought tolerance	[37,53]

亚型 Subtype	分组 Group	基因名称 Gene name	基因号 Gene ID	生物学功能 Biological function	参考文献 Reference
TEY	A	OsMPK6	Os06g06090	调控水稻粒型和粒重、株型，籽粒大小与每穗粒数，穗型，花药和胚的发育，调控水稻穗的伸出，稻瘟病和白叶枯病抗性，耐盐碱性，苗期耐冷，耐旱性 Regulation of rice grain shape and weight, plant architecture, grain size and number of grains per panicle, panicle architecture, and the development of anthers and embryos; regulation of rice panicle elongation, resistance to rice blast, bacterial leaf blight, salinity and alkalinity, and cold stress during the seedling stage, drought tolerance	[10-16,18,19 21,24,35,42 50]
TEY	B	OsMPK2	Os08g06060	调控光呼吸Regulating photorespiration	[25]
TEY	C	OsMAPK14	Os02g05480	调控种子休眠Regulating seed dormancy	[23]
TEY	C	OsMPK7	Os06g48590	调控水稻种子休眠，耐盐性 Regulating rice seed dormancy and salt tolerance	[23,48]
TEY	A	OsMPK3	Os03g17700	影响粒长和粒重，稻瘟病，白叶枯病，高温胁迫，水稻的耐冷性 Factors affecting grain length and weight, rice blast, bacterial leaf blight resistance, heat stress, and rice cold tolerance	[9,27 -29,31 47]
TEY	B	OsMPK4	Os10g38950	调控胚发育，白叶枯病、稻曲病抗性 Regulation of embryo development, bacterial leaf blight, rice blast resistance	[22,36,38]
TDY	D	OsMPK20-5	Os05g49140	调控褐飞虱、白背飞虱抗性 Regulating resistance to brown planthoppers and white-backed planthoppers	[39]
TDY	D	OsMPK20-4	Os01g47530	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	D	OsMPK20-2	Os05g50560	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	D	OsMPK20-1	Os01g43910	调控木质素合成 Regulation of lignin synthesis	[26]
TDY	D	OsMPK20-3	Os06g26340	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	D	OsMPK17-1	Os06g49430	调控稻瘟病抗性 Regulation of rice blight resistance	[32]
TDY	E	OsMPK17-2	Os02g04230	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	E	OsMPK14	Os05g05160	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	E	OsMPK16	Os11g17080	调控稻瘟病和白叶枯病抗性 Regulation of rice blast and bacterial leaf blight	[33]
TDY	E	OsMPK21-2	Os01g45620	未鉴定 Unidentified
TDY	F	OsMPK21-1	Os05g50120	负调控白叶枯病抗性，调控水稻耐旱性 Negatively regulating bacterial leaf blight resistance, modulating rice drought tolerance	[37,53]