Fe-Mg纳米颗粒引发对盐胁迫下水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2026.250610

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究纳米引发技术对盐胁迫下水稻种子萌发的影响，为盐碱地水稻种植提供技术参考。【方法】以宁粳47号水稻为供试材料，设置盐胁迫处理(0、150 mmol/L NaCl)，并在150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下，设置0、50、100、200、400 mg/L 5种浓度的Fe-Mg纳米颗粒处理，研究纳米引发对盐胁迫下水稻种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。【结果】盐胁迫显著抑制了水稻种子萌发和幼苗生长。纳米引发对水稻种子的发芽率和发芽势没有显著影响，但能促进幼苗生长，显著提高超氧化物歧化酶(27.78%~76.39%)、过氧化物酶(14.05%~38.71%)和过氧化氢酶(18.67%~120.00%)活性及维生素C(4.40%~225.79%)、可溶性糖(63.08%~145.96%)、脯氨酸(10.33%~16.88%)、叶绿素(45.38%~105.31%)含量，降低丙二醛含量(16.94%~32.41%)，提高钾离子选择交换系数。【结论】200 mg/L Fe-Mg纳米颗粒引发是缓解盐胁迫，促进水稻萌发和幼苗生长的最适浓度。

关键词: 水稻, Fe-Mg纳米颗粒, 种子引发, 盐胁迫

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the effects of nano-priming technology on rice seed germination under salt stress, in order to provide technical support for rice cultivation in saline-alkali soils.【Method】The japonica rice variety, Ningjing 47, was used as the experimental material. Salt stress treatments (0 and 150 mmol/L NaCl) were applied, and five concentrations of Fe-Mg nanoparticles (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/L) were tested under 150 mmol/L NaCl stress. The effects on seed germination, seedling growth, and physiological characteristics were examined.【Result】The results showed that salt stress significantly inhibited rice seed germination and seedling growth. Nano-priming did not significantly affect germination percentage or germination potential but enhanced seedling growth. It increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (by 27.78%-76.39%), peroxidase (by 14.05%-38.71%), and catalase (by 18.67%-120.00%), as well as the content of ascorbic acid (by 4.40%-225.79%), soluble sugars (by 63.08%-145.96%), proline (by 10.33%-16.88%), and chlorophyll (by 45.38%-105.31%). It also reduced malondialdehyde content (by 16.94%-32.41%) and enhanced the selective transport coefficient for K⁺ over Na⁺.【Conclusion】The concentration of 200 mg/L Fe-Mg nanoparticles was identified as optimal for alleviating salt stress and promoting rice germination and seedling growth.

Key words: rice, Fe-Mg nano-particle, seed priming, salt stress

陈川燕, 宋志文, 李玉祥, 郝全有, 朱岚. Fe-Mg纳米颗粒引发对盐胁迫下水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2026, 40(4): 476-486.

CHEN Chuanyan, SONG Zhiwen, LI Yuxiang, HAO Quanyou, ZHU Lan. Effects of Fe-Mg Nano-priming on Germination of Rice Seeds and Seedling Growth Under Salt Stress[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2026, 40(4): 476-486.

图/表 12

表1 盐胁迫对水稻种子萌发的影响

Table 1. Effects of salt stress on the germination of rice seeds

NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration(mmol/L)	发芽势 Germination potential(%)	发芽率 Germination rate(%)	发芽指数 Germination index	活力指数 Vigor index
0	90.83±3.26 a	97.92±2.08 a	32.02±1.73 a	193.09±10.54 a
150	66.67±7.14 b	90.00±3.33 b	17.45±2.86 b	48.86±3.65 b

表2 Fe-Mg NPs引发对盐胁迫下水稻种子萌发的影响

Table 2. Effect of Fe-Mg NPs priming on seed germination of rice under salt stress

Fe-Mg NPs浓度 Fe-Mg NPs concentration(mg/L)	发芽势 Germination potential(%)	发芽率 Germination rate(%)	发芽指数 Germination index	活力指数 Vigor index
0	82.78±4.99 a	93.89±4.95 a	27.82±3.46 b	113.23±14.07 b
50	83.89±7.55 a	93.89±4.95 a	27.04±3.29 b	122.92±14.96 b
100	85.00±4.92 a	95.56±2.46 a	30.81±0.92 ab	135.11±4.03 b
200	86.67±3.97 a	96.11±3.51 a	34.86±4.54 a	175.55±22.86 a
400	80.56±6.07 a	93.89±4.35 a	27.45±3.51 b	114.51±14.65 b

图1 Fe-Mg NPs引发对盐胁迫下水稻种子发芽率的影响

Fig. 1. Effect of Fe-Mg NPs priming on the germination rate of rice seeds under salt stress

图2 盐胁迫下不同浓度Fe-Mg NPs处理6 d后的水稻种子

Fig. 2. Rice seeds treated with different concentrations of Fe-Mg NPs under salt stress for 6 days

图3 Fe-Mg NPs引发对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗地上部鲜质量和根系鲜质量(A)、总干质量(B)、苗长(C)及根长(D)的影响

Fig. 3. Effects of Fe-Mg NPs on shoot fresh weight and root fresh weight (A), total dry weight (B), shoot length (C), and root length (D) of rice seedlings under salt stress

表3 Fe-Mg NPs引发对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗根系特征的影响

Table 3. Effects of Fe-Mg NP priming on root characteristics of rice seedlings under salt stress

Fe-Mg NPs浓度 Fe-Mg NPs concentration(mg/L)	根数 Root number	根投影面积 Root projected area(cm²)	根表面积 Root surface area(cm²)	根系直径 Root diameter(mm)	根系体积 Root volume(cm³)
0	2.47±0.37 b	3.54±0.36 b	11.11±1.14 b	0.26±0.01 a	0.09±0.01 bc
50	2.91±0.34 b	3.89±0.25 ab	12.23±0.79 ab	0.27±0.02 a	0.10±0.01 abc
100	3.07±0.23 b	4.17±0.43 ab	13.09±1.34 ab	0.28±0.02 a	0.12±0.01 ab
200	3.84±0.23 a	4.54±0.92 a	14.27±2.89 a	0.28±0.01 a	0.12±0.03 a
400	2.84±0.41 b	3.49±0.39 b	10.79±1.00 b	0.27±0.03 a	0.08±0.01 c

图4 Fe-Mg NPs引发对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗叶片叶绿素含量的影响

Fig. 4. Effects of Fe-Mg NPs on chlorophyll content in rice seedling leaves under salt stress

图5 Fe-Mg NPs引发对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗叶片SOD (A)、POD (B)、CAT (C)活性及MDA (D)含量的影响

Fig. 5. Effects of Fe-Mg NP priming on SOD (A)、POD (B) and CAT (C) activities and MDA content (D) in rice seedling leaves under salt stress

图6 Fe-Mg NPs引发对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗叶片维生素C含量的影响

Fig. 6. Effects of Fe-Mg NPs on vitamin C content in rice seedling leaves under salt stress

图7 Fe-Mg NPs引发对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗叶片可溶性糖含量(A)及脯氨酸含量(B)的影响

Fig. 7. Effects of Fe-Mg NPs priming on soluble sugar content (A) and proline content (B) in rice seedling leaves under salt stress

表4 Fe-Mg NPs引发对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗中钠钾离子含量的影响

Table 4. Effect of Fe-Mg NPs on sodium and potassium ion content in rice seedlings under salt stress

指标 Index	Fe-Mg NP浓度 Fe-Mg NP concentration
指标 Index	0 mg/L	50 mg/L	100 mg/L	200 mg/L	400 mg/L
地上部Na⁺含量SNC(µg/mL)	36.03±0.15 d	37.43±0.31 c	38.47±0.25 b	34.43±0.06 e	43.30±0.20 a
根系Na⁺含量RNC(µg/mL)	42.27±0.51 e	50.93±1.15 b	44.30±0.78 d	53.53±0.86 a	44.50±0.50 c
地上部K⁺含量SKC(µg/mL)	9.17±0.06 a	8.97±0.06 b	8.43±0.06 d	8.83±0.06 c	8.43±0.06 e
根系K⁺含量RKC(µg/mL)	3.03±0.06 c	3.17±0.06 b	3.03±0.06 d	3.50±0.10 a	2.97±0.06 e
Na⁺地上部/根系 NS/R	0.85±0.01 c	0.74±0.02 d	0.87±0.01 b	0.64±0.01 e	0.97±0.01 a
离子选择交换系数 SK/Na	3.55±0.09 c	3.85±0.05 b	3.20±0.05 d	3.93±0.19 a	2.92±0.05 e

图8 水稻幼苗长势与生理指标的相关性分析 GP、Vi表示发芽势和活力指数；SFW、RFW、TDW、SL、RL分别代表地上部鲜质量、根系鲜质量、总干质量、苗长、根长；RN、RPA、RSA、RD、RV分别代表根数、根投影面积、根表面积、根系直径、根系体积；SS、PRO分别表示可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量；TChl表示总叶绿素含量。*，**分别表示在0.05，0.01水平上显著相关。

Fig. 8. Correlation analysis of growth status and physiological indicators of rice seedlings GP and Vi represent germination potential and vigor index, respectively; SFW, RFW, TDW, SL, and RL represent shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, total dry weight, shoot length, and root length, respectively; RN, RPA, RSA, RD, and RV denote root number, root projected area, root surface area, root diameter, and root volume, respectively; SS and PRO stand for soluble sugar content and proline content, respectively; TChl stands for total chlorophyll content. *, ** indicate significant correlations at the 0.05 and 0.01 levels, respectively.

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