稻纵卷叶螟对不同植物的产卵趋性与取食选择

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2017.6054 315

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】稻纵卷叶螟是我国水稻上的一种重要害虫,在田间除水稻之外还可取食多种禾本科植物并完成生活史,但在大发生年份该虫几乎只在水稻上发生。本研究旨在明确该虫在水稻及其他寄主植物上的产卵选择及后代取食趋性的机制。【方法】采用室内笼罩选择实验比较了稻纵卷叶螟在水稻、玉米、稗草、狗尾草上的产卵与取食选择性以及取食经历对产卵、取食选择的影响。【结果】在笼罩条件下稻纵卷叶螟成虫在水稻叶片上的着卵量占总卵量的49.08%,显著高于其他三种植物;幼虫取食水稻后发育历期为17.29 d,显著短于取食玉米和狗尾草,同时取食水稻后蛹重最重;幼虫期分别取食水稻和玉米的稻纵卷叶螟成虫对四种植物的产卵选择无变化,仍显著偏好选择水稻产卵;低龄幼虫的取食选择性在几种植物之间无显著差异,低龄期取食水稻的幼虫发育到3龄、4龄后对寄主的取食选择顺序为狗尾草>水稻、稗草>玉米;低龄期取食玉米的幼虫发育到3龄、4龄后对寄主的取食选择为狗尾草>玉米>水稻、稗草。【结论】稻纵卷叶螟成虫显著偏好在水稻上产卵,产卵选择性不受幼虫取食经历影响,产卵选择性与幼虫的取食选择性并不一致。幼虫取食水稻的发育历期最短,蛹重最高。高龄幼虫显著偏好取食狗尾草,同时,低龄期的取食经历改变了高龄幼虫对水稻和玉米的取食偏好。

关键词: 稻纵卷叶螟, 产卵选择性, 取食选择性, 发育

Abstract:

【Objective】The rice leaffolder(RLF) [Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée)] is a kind of pests that bring serious harm to rice. The RLF can complete life cycle on a variety of gramineous plants, but almost only exclusively in rice in the field even in the outbreak years. Our aim is to recover the mechanism of oviposition and feeding preference of the RLF for rice and other host plants.【Method】We compared the oviposition and feeding preference of the RLF for four different plants: Zea mays L., Oryza sativa L., Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv and Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. We also analyzed the influence of feeding experience on oviposition preference. 【Result】The results showed that the female adults of the RLF have obvious oviposition preference, 49.08% of eggs were laid on rice in rearing cages, significantly higher than other plants. The development duration of larvae fed on rice was 17.29d, significantly shorter than that on Zea mays and Setaria glauca. The oviposition preference of the female fed on rice and maize had no significant difference. The old larvae showed significant feeding preference. The feeding preference of the 3rd- and 4th-instar larvae fedon Oryza sativa followed the trend of Setaria glauca> Oryza sativa, Echinochloa crus-galli > Zea mays, while for the young larvae fed on Zea mays, the preference followed the tendency of Setaria glauca> Zea mays > Oryza sativa, Echinochloa crus-galli. 【Conclusion】These results suggest that rice had the highest number of eggs, but the oviposition preference was not positively related to larval feeding selectivity. The larval growth and development was the best on rice, and the feeding experience may change the feeding preference of larvae partially.

Key words: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée), oviposition preference, feeding preference, development

中图分类号:

S435.112⁺.1

李传明, 韩光杰, 杨亚军, 祁建杭, 刘琴, 徐健, 吕仲贤. 稻纵卷叶螟对不同植物的产卵趋性与取食选择[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2017, 31(3): 315-319.

Chuanming LI, Guangjie HAN, Yajun YANG, Jianhang QI, Qin LIU, Jian XU, Zhongxian LÜ. Oviposition and Feeding Preference of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) for Four Different Plants[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2017, 31(3): 315-319.

图/表 5

参考文献 23

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虫源 Population source	寄主 Host plant	着卵率 Egg laying rate
虫源 Population source	寄主 Host plant	1st	2nd	3rd	4th
水稻饲养种群 Oryza sativa population	玉米Zea mays	5.6±1.4 aAB	3.8±1.8 aC	4.6±2.1 aBC	0.5±0.3 aD
	狗尾草Setaria viridis	2.1±1.2 aB	1.0±1.0 aC	1.2±0.6 aC	0.7±0.4 aCD
	稗草Echinochloa crusgalli	9.9±3.9 aAB	5.3±2.9 aC	12.4±2.5 aAB	4.5±1.0 aAB
	水稻Oryza sativa	15.8±2.6 aA	17.8±5.5 aAB	11.1±3.1 abAB	3.8±0.5 bBC
玉米饲养种群 Zea mays population	玉米Zea mays	0.3±0.2 aB	2.8±1.6 aC	7.2±3.6 bABC	2.4±1.3 aBCD
	狗尾草Setaria viridis	0.3±0.3 bB	1.3±0.2 abC	3.6±1.9 aBC	0.3±0.2 bD
	稗草Echinochloa crusgalli	2.0±1.2 aB	7.8±3.1 aBC	14.3±4.8 aA	2.4±1.6 aBCD
	水稻Oryza sativa	16.8±8.6 aA	20.0±7.0 aA	11.3±1.5 bAB	7.3±1.5 aA

虫源 Population source	寄主 Host plant	着卵率 Egg laying rate
虫源 Population source	寄主 Host plant	1st	2nd	3rd	4th
水稻饲养种群 Oryza sativa population	玉米Zea mays	5.6±1.4 aAB	3.8±1.8 aC	4.6±2.1 aBC	0.5±0.3 aD
	狗尾草Setaria viridis	2.1±1.2 aB	1.0±1.0 aC	1.2±0.6 aC	0.7±0.4 aCD
	稗草Echinochloa crusgalli	9.9±3.9 aAB	5.3±2.9 aC	12.4±2.5 aAB	4.5±1.0 aAB
	水稻Oryza sativa	15.8±2.6 aA	17.8±5.5 aAB	11.1±3.1 abAB	3.8±0.5 bBC
玉米饲养种群 Zea mays population	玉米Zea mays	0.3±0.2 aB	2.8±1.6 aC	7.2±3.6 bABC	2.4±1.3 aBCD
	狗尾草Setaria viridis	0.3±0.3 bB	1.3±0.2 abC	3.6±1.9 aBC	0.3±0.2 bD
	稗草Echinochloa crusgalli	2.0±1.2 aB	7.8±3.1 aBC	14.3±4.8 aA	2.4±1.6 aBCD
	水稻Oryza sativa	16.8±8.6 aA	20.0±7.0 aA	11.3±1.5 bAB	7.3±1.5 aA

虫源 Population source	龄期 Instar	选择率Selection percentage/%				未选择
虫源 Population source	龄期 Instar	玉米Maize	水稻Rice	狗尾草Bristle grass	稗草Dallis grass	Unselected
水稻饲养种群 Oryza sativa population	1龄1st instar	26.00±5.09 a	26.00±4.00 a	22.00±4.89 a	12.00±3.74 a	14.00±7.48 a
	2龄2nd instar	26.00±6.78 a	24.00±5.09 a	24.00±4.00 a	14.00±4.00 a	12.00±3.74 a
	3龄3rd instar	4.44±2.22 c	22.22±2.22 b	55.56±4.44 a	17.78±2.22 b	0
	4龄4th instar	8.89±2.22 c	28.89±2.22 b	48.89±2.22 a	11.11±5.89 c	2.22±2.22 c
玉米饲养种群 Zea mays population	1龄1st instar	22.00±6.63 a	24.00±6.78 a	28.00±9.16 a	22.00±3.74 a	4.00±2.45 b
	2龄2nd instar	28.00±4.00 a	28.00±4.89 a	26.00±7.34 a	14.00±4.00 ab	4.00±2.45 b
	3龄3rd instar	33.33±2.22 b	4.44±2.22 c	48.89±2.22 a	13.33±3.85 c	0
	4龄4th instar	31.11±2.22 b	8.89±2.22 c	51.11±5.87 a	6.67±3.85 c	2.22±2.22 c

虫源 Population source	龄期 Instar	选择率Selection percentage/%				未选择
虫源 Population source	龄期 Instar	玉米Maize	水稻Rice	狗尾草Bristle grass	稗草Dallis grass	Unselected
水稻饲养种群 Oryza sativa population	1龄1st instar	26.00±5.09 a	26.00±4.00 a	22.00±4.89 a	12.00±3.74 a	14.00±7.48 a
	2龄2nd instar	26.00±6.78 a	24.00±5.09 a	24.00±4.00 a	14.00±4.00 a	12.00±3.74 a
	3龄3rd instar	4.44±2.22 c	22.22±2.22 b	55.56±4.44 a	17.78±2.22 b	0
	4龄4th instar	8.89±2.22 c	28.89±2.22 b	48.89±2.22 a	11.11±5.89 c	2.22±2.22 c
玉米饲养种群 Zea mays population	1龄1st instar	22.00±6.63 a	24.00±6.78 a	28.00±9.16 a	22.00±3.74 a	4.00±2.45 b
	2龄2nd instar	28.00±4.00 a	28.00±4.89 a	26.00±7.34 a	14.00±4.00 ab	4.00±2.45 b
	3龄3rd instar	33.33±2.22 b	4.44±2.22 c	48.89±2.22 a	13.33±3.85 c	0
	4龄4th instar	31.11±2.22 b	8.89±2.22 c	51.11±5.87 a	6.67±3.85 c	2.22±2.22 c

寄主 Host plant	幼虫历期 Duration of larval stage/d	幼虫存活率 Larvae survival rate/%	蛹质量 Pupal weight/mg	蛹历期 Pupal duration/%
玉米Maize	20.71±1.94 a	43.41±2.60 a	22.91±1.52 a	8.56±0.18 a
狗尾草Bristle grass	20.21±2.29 a	23.66±3.05 b	19.90±0.64 b	8.31±0.20 a
稗子Dallis grass	18.81±1.45 ab	31.35±3.78 a	17.35±0.39 c	8.30±0.11 a
水稻Rice	17.29±0.93 b	35.23±4.01 a	23.32±0.51 a	8.38±0.24 a