灌浆结实期冷水胁迫对寒地粳稻籽粒淀粉积累及相关酶活性的影响

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2016.5099

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用寒地粳稻田间试验,研究灌浆结实期冷水胁迫(17℃,持续3,6,9,12,15 d)对三个不同寒地粳稻品种(东农428、松粳10、龙稻7号)籽粒淀粉合成与积累、产量构成因素的影响,并探讨冷水胁迫下淀粉合成关键酶活性变化与淀粉组分及其含量的关系。结果表明,与对照相比,灌浆结实期17℃冷水胁迫下,不同寒地粳稻品种灌浆结实期可溶性淀粉合成酶(SSS)活性、淀粉分支酶(SBE)活性降低,籽粒总淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量显著下降,直链淀粉含量显著上升。相关分析表明,SSS活性、SBE活性与淀粉及其淀粉组分密切相关,对淀粉及淀粉组分含量变化均有同等重要的作用。同时,冷水胁迫下,灌浆结实期不同寒地粳稻品种的每穗实粒数、千粒重及结实率均显著降低,随着冷水胁迫时间的延长,不同寒地粳稻品种各指标的变化幅度逐渐加大。寒地粳稻产量构成因素各相关指标是不同耐冷性品种响应冷水胁迫的差异产物, 可用于耐冷性鉴定。从不同寒地粳稻品种对冷水胁迫的反应指数看,松粳10受影响最大,东农428受影响最小,龙稻7号介于二者之间。

关键词: 粳稻, 灌浆结实期, 冷水胁迫, 淀粉合成关键酶, 淀粉

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted to reveal the influence of cold-water stress(17℃,lasting 3,6,9,12,15d) on grain starch synthesis and accumulation, yield components of japonica rice (Dongnong 428, Songjing 10 and Longdao 7) in cold-region during grain-filling stage, as well as the relationships between the changes in key enzymes activities related to starch synthesis and starch composition under cold-water stress. The results showed that compared with the control, soluble starch synthase (SSS) activity and starch branching enzyme (SBE) activity decreased, as well as the total starch contents and amylopectin content, while the amylose content increased under 17℃ cold-water stress during grain-filling stage. According to the correlation analysis,the activities of soluble starch synthase (SSS) and starch branching enzyme (SBE) were significantly correlated with grain starch accumulation, playing an equally important role in the changes of starch and its component contents. Meanwhile,the grain number per panicle, thousand seed weight and seed setting rate were significantly reduced during grain-filling stage. The amplitude of variation for every indicator increased gradually with lengthening cold-water treatment time. The indicators related to the yield components of japonica rice in cold-region varied with cold-water stress duration and can be used for the identification of cold resistance. According to the indexes under the cold-water stress for different japonica rice varieties in cold-region, Songjing 10 was the most susceptible, followed by Longdao 7 and Dongnong 428.

Key words: japonica rice, grain-filling stage, cold-water stress, key enzymes to starch synthesis, starch

中图分类号:

夏楠, 赵宏伟, 吕艳超, 赵振东, 邹德堂, 刘化龙, 王敬国, 贾琰. 灌浆结实期冷水胁迫对寒地粳稻籽粒淀粉积累及相关酶活性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2016, 30(1): 62-74.

Nan XIA, Hong-wei ZHAO, Yan-chao LV, Zhen-dong ZHAO, De-tang ZOU, Hua-long LIU, Jing-guo WANG, Yan JIA. Effect of Cold-water Stress at Grain-filling Stage on Starch Accumulation and Related Enzyme Activities in Grains of japonica Rice in Cold-region[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2016, 30(1): 62-74.

图/表 13

参考文献 38

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试验处理 Treatment	水温 T_n/℃	空气温度 T_a/℃	冠层温度T_c/℃			热量Rd /(MJ·m^-2·d^-1)
试验处理 Treatment	水温 T_n/℃	空气温度 T_a/℃	上层 Upper		中层 Middle	下层 Lower
对照Control	23.9±1.5	24.3±1.6	25.7±0.4	25.4±0.6	24.9±0.5	15.1±7.0
冷水胁迫Cold-water stress	17.2±0.4	24.1±1.5	25.2±0.8	24.8±0.5	17.6±0.5	15.0±6.7

试验处理 Treatment	水温 T_n/℃	空气温度 T_a/℃	冠层温度T_c/℃			热量Rd /(MJ·m^-2·d^-1)
试验处理 Treatment	水温 T_n/℃	空气温度 T_a/℃	上层 Upper		中层 Middle	下层 Lower
对照Control	23.9±1.5	24.3±1.6	25.7±0.4	25.4±0.6	24.9±0.5	15.1±7.0
冷水胁迫Cold-water stress	17.2±0.4	24.1±1.5	25.2±0.8	24.8±0.5	17.6±0.5	15.0±6.7

处理 Treatment	东农428 Dongnong 428			松粳10 Songjing 10			龙稻7号 Longdao 7
处理 Treatment	峰值酶活性 Peak enzyme activity /(U·g^-1min^-1)		峰值酶活性CRI CRI for peak enzyme activity /%		峰值酶活性 Peak enzyme activity /(U·g^-1min^-1)	峰值酶活性CRI CRI for peak enzyme activity /%	峰值酶活性 Peak enzyme activity /(U·g^-1min^-1)	峰值酶活性CRI CRI for peak enzyme activity /%
D0	18.76±0.16	100.00	18.83±0.12	100.00		18.65±0.11		100.00
D3	17.84±0.14	95.09	17.17±0.12	91.20		17.33±0.18		92.91
D6	17.06±0.12	90.93	16.24±0.11	86.25		16.31±0.14		87.44
D9	16.71±0.18	89.07	15.05±0.15	79.94		15.20±0.13		81.50
D12	16.04±0.10	85.50	14.32±0.10	76.07		14.42±0.14		77.32
D15	15.63±0.17	83.33	13.59±0.12	72.20		14.14±0.13		75.81

处理 Treatment	东农428 Dongnong 428			松粳10 Songjing 10			龙稻7号 Longdao 7
处理 Treatment	峰值酶活性 Peak enzyme activity /(U·g^-1min^-1)		峰值酶活性CRI CRI for peak enzyme activity /%		峰值酶活性 Peak enzyme activity /(U·g^-1min^-1)	峰值酶活性CRI CRI for peak enzyme activity /%	峰值酶活性 Peak enzyme activity /(U·g^-1min^-1)	峰值酶活性CRI CRI for peak enzyme activity /%
D0	18.76±0.16	100.00	18.83±0.12	100.00		18.65±0.11		100.00
D3	17.84±0.14	95.09	17.17±0.12	91.20		17.33±0.18		92.91
D6	17.06±0.12	90.93	16.24±0.11	86.25		16.31±0.14		87.44
D9	16.71±0.18	89.07	15.05±0.15	79.94		15.20±0.13		81.50
D12	16.04±0.10	85.50	14.32±0.10	76.07		14.42±0.14		77.32
D15	15.63±0.17	83.33	13.59±0.12	72.20		14.14±0.13		75.81

处理 Treatment	东农428 Dongnong 428			松粳10 Songjing 10			龙稻7号 Longdao 7
处理 Treatment	峰值酶活性 Peak enzyme activity /%		峰值酶活性CRI CRI for peak enzyme activity /%		峰值酶活性 Peak enzyme activity /%	峰值酶活性 CRI CRI for peak enzyme activity /%	峰值酶活性 Peak enzyme activity /%	峰值酶活性 CRI CRI for peak enzyme activity /%
D0	11.91±0.21	100.00	11.83±0.19	100.00		12.03±0.22		100.00
D3	11.47±0.13	96.31	10.87±0.21	91.89		11.05±0.16		91.85
D6	10.78±0.14	90.51	10.22±0.18	86.37		10.44±0.20		86.78
D9	10.21±0.19	85.73	9.73±0.21	82.24		10.02±0.16		83.27
D12	9.77±0.15	82.07	9.06±0.13	76.56		9.46±0.26		78.63
D15	9.49±0.14	79.71	8.78±0.15	74.22		9.24±0.17		76.81