Abstract: A weedy relative of cultivated rice, Oryza rufipogon from Malaysia, contains two favorable yieldenhancing QTLs (yld1.1 and yld2.1) on chromosomes 1 and 2, which are capable of improving the yield of rice by 18% and 17%，respectively. To transfer the two QTLs into cultivated rice, a restorer line of twoline hybrid rice, 9311, was used as a recurrent parent, and Oryza rufipogon as a donor parent of yieldenhancing QTLs. Four molecular markers, RM166, RM208, RM9 and RM5, which linked to the two yieldenhancing QTLs (yld1.1 and yld2.1), were used to identify the individuals possessing the Oryza rufipogon markers and good agronomic characters in the advanced backcrossed population from “9311” and Oryza rufipogon based on the genotype and phenotype, and some improved 9311 lines containing the two yieldenhancing QTLs were developed. The yield potential of the improved 9311 lines with more numbers of effective panicles and total grains was higher than that of 9311. Some promising hybrid had been developed with super highyielding potential. The results indicated that the two yieldenhancing QTLs were expressed well in genetic background of 9311 and its hybrids.

Key words: markerassisted selection, Oryza rufipogon, yieldenhancing genes, hybrid rice, yield, quantitative trait loci

摘要： 位于马来西亚普通野生稻（Oryza rufipogon）第1和第2染色体上的两个主效增产QTL（yld1.1和yld2.1）分别具有18%和17%的增产效果。为探明野生稻增产QTL对杂交水稻产量性状改良的效果，以超级杂交稻亲本9311为受体和轮回亲本，马来西亚普通野生稻为增产QTL供体进行杂交和连续回交，并利用与这两个增产QTL紧密连锁的4个SSR分子标记对回交群体进行分子鉴定和辅助选择。产量比较试验结果显示, 育成的携带野生稻增产QTL的9311改良系比受体9311增产，主要表现为有效穗数和每穗总粒数显著增加；携带野生稻增产QTL的稳定株系所配杂交组合也比对照显著增产。研究表明野生稻增产QTLyld1.1和QTLyld2.1导入栽培水稻品种的遗传背景后能显著提高产量潜力，可作为超级杂交稻育种重要资源。

关键词: 分子标记辅助选择, 普通野生稻, 增产基因, 杂交水稻, 产量, 数量性状座位