Abstract: The morphological characters of endosperm starch grains of hybrid rice in 9 combinations and their parents were observed with scanning electron microscope. It was shown that there was distinct difference of morphological characters in both complex starch grain and single starch grain of endosperm between the well and poorly qualified rice. The morphology of the starch grain of hybrid rice was depended on the quality of both parents. In general, it exhibited features from both parents. If there was a great difference in the quality of both parents, the starch grain morphology tended to be similar to that of the parent with good quality. If both parents were of poor quality, that of the hybrid rice often had a better quality than the parents. It is suggested that study of starch grain morphology may be useful in grading of rice quality and in selection of parents for quality breeding of hybrid rice.

Key words: hybrid rice, endosperm, starch grain, morphology

摘要： 用扫描电镜观察了品质级别有显著差异的3个水稻不育系和3个恢复系及其所配的9个杂交组合共15个材料的胚乳淀粉粒。结果表明：不同品质的稻米均有其固定的淀粉粒形态。杂交稻米淀粉粒的形态因双亲米质的优劣而具有明显差异。双亲优质的杂交稻米，表现优质米淀粉粒形态；优质与中质杂交，表现中亲淀粉粒形态；优质与普通品质杂交，表现为超中亲淀粉粒形态；双亲均是普通品质者，表现质量超亲淀粉粒形态；中质与普通品质杂交，趋向高亲淀粉粒形态；双亲均是中质者，表现中质米淀粉粒形态。据此，淀粉的形态特征可作为鉴定稻米品质优劣的一个重要指标，又可为杂交稻品质育种从淀粉粒形态上选择亲本提供依据。

关键词: 杂交稻, 胚乳淀粉粒, 形态