Effects of Different Seedling Raising Trays on Plant Type and Grain Yield of Machine-Transplanted Double Cropping Rice

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2020.9131

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective is to elucidate the effects of different seedling raising trays on plant type and yield of machine-transplanted double cropping rice. 【Method】Field experiments were conducted in Jiangxi in 2019, involving two early and two late rice cultivars and three types of nursery trays [blanket tray(CK), bowl tray(D1) and bowl-blanket tray(D2)]. The changing characteristics of plant morphology and yield components were systematically measured. 【Result】The results indicated that: 1) The seedling quality of different seedling raising trays followed the trend of CK>D1>D2. The whole transplanting quality of seedlings under D2 was the best, as reflected by lower floating rate, injure rate and missed rate of seedling than CK. 2) Under D2 treatment, the seedlings turned green quickly and tillering was accelerated after jointing stage. The average number of tillers at booting stage was D2 > D1 > CK, which effectively increased the tiller number and panicle number and directly promote the yield. In the booting stage of early and late rice, the SPAD value of seedling leaves under D2 treatment was 3.2% higher than that under D1, and 9.2% higher than that under CK treatment, which effectively promoted photosynthesis and provided nutrition guarantee for increasing yield; 3) The yield data showed that D2 treatment had the highest yield in early rice, 13.04% and 1.65% higher than CK and D1, 30% and 19% higher than CK, respectively, and 20% higher than CK on average; The high yield of D2 treatment was due to its high chlorophyll contents in leaves, high effective panicle number, high seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight. 【Conclusion】Compared with the blanket nursing tray and bowl tray, the bowl-blanket tray can raise seedling quality and grain yield, which has a potential to be widely applied for high yield cultivation in double cropping rice production.

Key words: nursery tray, machine-transplanted, double cropping rice, plant type, yield

摘要：

【目的】旨在阐明不同育秧盘对机插双季稻株型与产量的影响。【方法】以4个早、晚稻品种为材料,设置毯状盘(CK)、钵体盘(D1)和钵体毯状盘(D2)3种育秧盘试验,系统测定了不同育秧盘处理下早、晚稻植株形态特征与产量结构。【结果】1）不同秧盘处理秧苗素质表现为CK>D1>D2;机插时,D2处理下秧苗整体机插质量最优,表现在漂秧率、伤秧率和漏插率D2均优于CK,提高了栽插质量;2）D2处理下秧苗返青快,拔节期后分蘖快,孕穗期分蘖数D2>D1>CK,有效促进了茎蘖成穗,直接影响产量;从SPAD值看,早晚稻孕穗期时,D2处理下秧苗叶片SPAD值比D1处理平均高出3.2%,比CK处理平均高出9.2%,可有效促进光合作用,为增产提供了营养保障;3）产量数据显示,早晚稻均以D2处理产量最高,早稻分别比CK和D1增产13.04%和1.65%,晚稻分别增产30%和19%,平均比对照(CK)育秧机插增产20%;具体表现在D2处理叶片叶绿素含量高,有效穗数多,结实率和千粒重指标好。【结论】与毯状盘和钵体盘相比,钵体毯状盘可提高秧苗素质和产量,在江西双季稻生产中具有推广应用价值。

关键词: 育秧盘, 机插, 双季稻, 株型, 产量

CLC Number:

Chun YE, Yanda LI, Zhongsheng CAO, Junbao HUANG, Binfeng SUN, Shifu SHU, Luofa WU. Effects of Different Seedling Raising Trays on Plant Type and Grain Yield of Machine-Transplanted Double Cropping Rice[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2020, 34(5): 435-442.

叶春, 李艳大, 曹中盛, 黄俊宝, 孙滨峰, 舒时富, 吴罗发. 不同育秧盘对机插双季稻株型与产量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2020, 34(5): 435-442.

Figures/Tables 6

References 29

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类型 Type		出苗率 Seedling emergence rate/%	均匀度合格率Uniformity qualification rate/%	株高 Plant height/cm	根长 Root length/cm	根数 Root number	茎基宽 Stem base width/cm
早稻 Early rice	C1CK	95.0 b	92.0 c	15.1 a	7.8 a	8.7 a	1.8 a
	C1D1	96.0 a	93.8 a	11.9 c	5.4 c	7.4 b	1.5 b
	C1D2	96.0 a	92.6 b	12.6 b	5.5 b	6.7 c	1.4 c
	C2CK	100.0 a	93.0 c	18.7 a	4.7 c	9.2 a	1.7 b
	C2D1	98.0 b	98.0 a	15.6 b	5.4 a	8.6 c	1.8 a
	C2D2	97.0 c	96.0 b	10.1 c	5.2 b	8.6 b	1.5 b
晚稻 Late rice	C3CK	98.0 a	91.0 c	14.5 a	10.2 a	8.6 a	2.1 a
	C3D1	97.0 b	95.0 b	12.6 c	8.2 b	7.2 c	1.9 b
	C3D2	96.0 c	96.0 a	13.9 b	7.3 c	7.7 b	1.7 c
	C4CK	99.0 a	94.0 c	15.6 a	9.8 a	8.8 a	2.3 a
	C4D1	97.0 b	97.0 b	13.2 c	8.3 b	7.3 c	2.0 b
	C4D2	96.0 c	98.0 a	13.9 b	7.5 c	8.0 b	1.9 c

类型 Type		出苗率 Seedling emergence rate/%	均匀度合格率Uniformity qualification rate/%	株高 Plant height/cm	根长 Root length/cm	根数 Root number	茎基宽 Stem base width/cm
早稻 Early rice	C1CK	95.0 b	92.0 c	15.1 a	7.8 a	8.7 a	1.8 a
	C1D1	96.0 a	93.8 a	11.9 c	5.4 c	7.4 b	1.5 b
	C1D2	96.0 a	92.6 b	12.6 b	5.5 b	6.7 c	1.4 c
	C2CK	100.0 a	93.0 c	18.7 a	4.7 c	9.2 a	1.7 b
	C2D1	98.0 b	98.0 a	15.6 b	5.4 a	8.6 c	1.8 a
	C2D2	97.0 c	96.0 b	10.1 c	5.2 b	8.6 b	1.5 b
晚稻 Late rice	C3CK	98.0 a	91.0 c	14.5 a	10.2 a	8.6 a	2.1 a
	C3D1	97.0 b	95.0 b	12.6 c	8.2 b	7.2 c	1.9 b
	C3D2	96.0 c	96.0 a	13.9 b	7.3 c	7.7 b	1.7 c
	C4CK	99.0 a	94.0 c	15.6 a	9.8 a	8.8 a	2.3 a
	C4D1	97.0 b	97.0 b	13.2 c	8.3 b	7.3 c	2.0 b
	C4D2	96.0 c	98.0 a	13.9 b	7.5 c	8.0 b	1.9 c

类型 Type		栽插深度 Planting depth /mm	每穴株数 Plant number per hill	漂秧率 Rate of floating seedlings/%	伤秧率 Rate of injury seedlings/%	漏插率 Rate of missed seedlings/%	相对均匀度合格率 Qualified rate of relative uniformity/%
早稻 Early rice	CK	18.9 a	3.1 c	1.7 a	3.4 a	2.5 a	89.5 c
	D1	17.0 b	3.4 a	1.4 b	2.5 b	1.9 b	90.3 b
	D2	16.2 c	3.2 b	1.2 c	2.4 c	1.3 c	90.5 a
晚稻 Late rice	CK	18.0 a	3.1 b	1.7 a	2.7 a	2.1 a	87.8 c
	D1	17.8 b	3.2 a	1.6 b	2.5 c	1.9 b	89.5 b
	D2	16.9 c	3.2 a	1.6 c	2.4 b	1.8 c	90.2 a

类型 Type		栽插深度 Planting depth /mm	每穴株数 Plant number per hill	漂秧率 Rate of floating seedlings/%	伤秧率 Rate of injury seedlings/%	漏插率 Rate of missed seedlings/%	相对均匀度合格率 Qualified rate of relative uniformity/%
早稻 Early rice	CK	18.9 a	3.1 c	1.7 a	3.4 a	2.5 a	89.5 c
	D1	17.0 b	3.4 a	1.4 b	2.5 b	1.9 b	90.3 b
	D2	16.2 c	3.2 b	1.2 c	2.4 c	1.3 c	90.5 a
晚稻 Late rice	CK	18.0 a	3.1 b	1.7 a	2.7 a	2.1 a	87.8 c
	D1	17.8 b	3.2 a	1.6 b	2.5 c	1.9 b	89.5 b
	D2	16.9 c	3.2 a	1.6 c	2.4 b	1.8 c	90.2 a

处理 Treatment	有效穗数 Number of effective panicles/(×10⁴·hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Grain number per panicle/(×10⁴·hm^-2)	结实率 Seed-setting rate/%	千粒重 1000-grain weight/g	理论产量 Theoretic yield/(kg·hm^-2)	实际产量 Actual yield /(kg·hm^-2)
C1CK	245.31 b	164 c	91.82 b	23.32 c	8608.33 c	7307.07 c
C1D1	266.95 a	170 b	92.89 a	24.18 b	10188.56 b	8648.43 b
C1D2	218.09 c	199 a	91.47 c	26.14 a	10400.20 a	8828.08 a
C2CK	201.52 c	201 b	91.08 b	24.93 b	9196.32 c	7806.18 c
C2D1	211.31 a	205 Aa	90.21 c	24.47 c	9563.09 b	8117.51 b
C2D2	207.53 b	196 c	92.26 a	25.69 a	9680.70 a	8217.34 a
C3CK	248.92 c	189 b	92.85 a	24.51 c	10695.87 c	9452.17 c
C3D1	259.74 b	184 c	91.35 c	25.08 b	10973.11 b	9697.16 b
C3D2	303.03 a	191 a	92.05 b	25.99 a	13819.05 a	12212.19 a
C4CK	303.03 c	169 c	89.88 c	22.42 c	10368.83 c	9163.16 c
C4D1	324.67 b	170 b	91.29 b	23.94 b	12122.32 b	10712.75 b
C4D2	335.49 a	181 a	91.91 a	24.39 a	13600.82 a	12019.33 a
平均值Average(CK)	249.69	180.85	91.41	23.79	9717.34	8432.14
D1平均值Average(D1)	265.67	182.56	91.44	24.41	10711.77	9293.96
D2平均值Average(D2)	266.04	191.90	91.92	25.55	11875.2	10319.24