中国水稻科学

中国水稻科学

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国栽培稻选育品种等位酶多样性及其与形态学性状的

魏兴华1,2; 汤圣祥2; 江云珠2; 余汉勇2; 裘宗恩3; 颜启传1   

  1. 1浙江大学 农业与生物技术学院， 浙江 杭州 310029；　2中国水稻研究所 国家水稻改良中心， 浙江 杭州 310006； 3中国农业科学院 作物品种资源研究所， 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2003-04-10 发布日期:2003-04-10

Genetic Diversity of Allozyme Associated with Morphological Traits in Chinese Improved Rice Varieties

WEI Xing-hua 1; 2; TANG Sheng-xiang 2; JIANG Yun-zhu 2; YU Han-yong 2; QIU Zong-en 3; YAN Qi-chuan 1   

  1. （ 1College of Agriculture and Biotechnology; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310029; China; 2Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement; China National Rice Research Institute; Hangzhou 310006; 3Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing 100081; China）
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2003-04-10 Published:2003-04-10

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摘要： 选取源自我国26个省（自治区、直辖市）不同选育时期、不同类型的744份栽培稻选育品种为试验材料，应用5种等位酶12个等位基因位点分析我国栽培稻选育品种的遗传多样性，并研究等位酶和形态学性状在多样性研究中的相关性。结果显示：等位酶多态位点百分率（P）、平均等位基因观察数（A）、平均等位基因有效数（Ae）、Shannon多样性指数（I）和Nei基因多样性指数（He）分别为100%、3.167、1.515、0.452和0.272；籼粳两类型等位基因频率分布有所不同，籼型多样性指数（I和He）明显高于粳型，分别为粳型的1.702和1.730倍；华中稻区遗传多样性指数最高（He=0.283），东北稻区则最低（He=0.062）；除西南稻区外，其余稻区等位酶和形态学两类性状所获得的品种间距离矩阵呈显著或极显著相关，相关系数为0.163~0.390。

关键词: 栽培稻, 选育品种, 遗传多样性, 等位酶, 形态学性状

Abstract: Seven hundred and forty four Chinese rice improved varieties with different ecotypes bred in 1931-1998 were selected to detect the genetic diversity by 12 allele loci of five allozymes and analyze the correlation between allozyme distance and morphological traits distance. Results showed that the percentage of polymorphic loci (P), average allele number(A), average effective allele number (Ae), Shannon’s index(I), and Nei's gene diversity index(He)of Chinese rice improved varieties were 100%, 3.167, 1.515, 0.452, and 0.272, respectively. The allele frequencies were different between indica rice and japonica rice. The genetic diversity of indica rice was higher than that of japonica rice. I and He of indica rice were 1 702 fold and 1.730 fold as many as those of japonica rice, respectively. The genetic diversity of Central China rice region was highest (He=0.283) and that of Northeast China rice region was lowest (He=0.062) in the six rice regions in China. The correlations between allozyme distance and morphological traits distance were ranged from 0.163 to 0.390, and significant at 0.05 or 0.01 level, respectively, in rice regions of China (except Southwest China rice region).

Key words: Oryza sativa, improved variety, genetic diversity, allozyme, morphological traits, correlation analysis