中国水稻科学

中国水稻科学

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

杀虫剂对二化螟卵寄生性天敌稻螟赤眼蜂室内安全性评价

孙超;苏建亚;沈晋良*;张玺   

  1. 南京农业大学 植物保护学院 农药科学系， 农业部病虫监测与治理重点开放实验室， 江苏 南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-01-10 发布日期:2008-01-10

Laboratory Safety Evaluation of Insecticides to Trichogramma japonicum

SUN Chao , SU Jian-ya , SHEN Jin-liang , ZHANG Xi   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-01-10 Published:2008-01-10
  • Contact: SHEN Jin-liang

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被引次数

47

摘要： 在实验室条件下测定了6类13种杀虫剂对二化螟卵寄生性天敌稻螟赤眼蜂的直接和间接影响。喷雾法处理稻株不同时间后，噻嗪酮、虫酰肼、呋喃虫酰肼、氟铃脲对稻螟赤眼蜂成蜂存活和雌蜂产卵寄生基本没有不利影响，氟虫腈、噻虫嗪、毒死蜱、三唑磷对稻螟赤眼蜂成蜂存活有极明显不利影响，成蜂接触用药处理2 d和7 d稻叶的死亡率分别为100％和800%~98.9%。用氟虫腈、三唑磷处理7 d的稻叶对稻螟赤眼蜂成蜂寄生能力无不利影响，而噻虫嗪处理有显著影响。采用卵卡浸渍法测定药剂对稻螟赤眼蜂成蜂影响的结果表明，吡虫啉、三唑磷、氟虫腈、毒死蜱能显著影响F0代成蜂存活、寄生及F1代成蜂羽化。采用浸渍法处理内含卵期、幼虫期、预蛹期、蛹期稻螟赤眼蜂的寄生卵时，噻嗪酮、虫酰肼、呋喃虫酰肼对成蜂羽化没有不利影响，羽化率达81.4%~91.8%；氟铃脲对蛹、甲维盐对卵和蛹、噻虫嗪对卵也基本没有不利影响，这些药剂对其他虫态有不同程度的影响；甲胺磷、吡虫啉、三唑磷、氟虫腈、毒死蜱、异丙威、敌敌畏等对稻螟赤眼蜂成蜂羽化有极明显不利影响。说明昆虫生长调节剂噻嗪酮、虫酰肼、呋喃虫酰肼对稻螟赤眼蜂没有直接和间接的不利影响，因而使用这些药剂防治水稻害虫时，它们对起自然控制作用的稻螟赤眼蜂是友好的。

关键词: 杀虫剂, 稻螟赤眼蜂, 安全性评价

Abstract: The direct and indirect effects of 13 insecticides of six groups against Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead,an egg parasitoid of the rice stem borer,Chilo suppressalis Walker,were evaluated under the laboratory conditions.Buprofezin,tebufenozide,Furan Tebufenozide and hexaflumuron had no effect on survival and parasitism capacity of adults of T.japonicum when they were exposed to the leaves with insecticide residues at various intervals after spraying.Fipronil,thiamethoxam,chlorpyrifos and triazophos had the most significant effects on the adult survival of T.japonicum,and the mortalities of adults were 100% and 80.0% to 98.9% when they were subjected to the leaves with insecticide residues at 2 and 7 days after spraying(2-day-old and 7-day-old residues),respectively.Seven-day-old residues of fipronil and triazophos had no significant effects on parasitism capacity,but thiamethoxam did.The results of host egg exposure showed that imidacloprid,triazophos,fipronil and chlorpyrifos were all badly detrimental to adult survival,parasitism capacity(F0)and adult emergence(F1).When dipping parasitized host eggs,in which the T.japonicum was at different developmental stages(egg,larva,prepupa and pupa)into insecticidal solutions,buprofezin,tebufenozide and Furan Tebufenozide were found to have little effect on adult emergence,with the emergence rates of 81.4%-91.8%;hexaflumuron,emamectin benzoate and thiamethoxam were selective,i.e.hexaflumuron was harmless to pupae,emamectin benzoate was harmless to eggs and pupae,and thiamethoxam was harmless to eggs.Side-effects of methamidophos,imidacloprid,triazophos,fipronil,chlorpyrifos,dichlorvos and isoprocard on adult emergence were extremely significant when tested against any immature stage.Based on the results,the insect growth regulators buprofezin,tebufenozide and Furan Tebufenozide were not directly or indirectly harmful to T.japonicum,suggesting that these insecticides are compatible to this parasitoid when being used for control of rice pests.

Key words: insecticide, Trichogramma japonicum, safety evaluation