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20 November 1988, Volume 2 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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研究报告
实验技术
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研究报告

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Rice Cropping Regionalization in China Mei Fangquan,Wu Xianzhang,Yao Changxi,Li Luping,Wang Lei,Chen Qiuyun 1988, 2(3): 97-110 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (1089KB) ( )   According to the ecological environments, social and economic backgrounds and rice cropping characteristics in different areas of China, the Chinese rice planting area is divided into 6 rice cropping regions(the first-grade regions) and 16 subregions (the second-grade regions). Their general information, natural and ecological environments, paddy field cropping systems, types of rice varieties and their distribution and major diseases and insect pests are respectively described. Orientations, approaches and measures for developing rice production are raised and meanwhile the suggestions are put forward on the layout of production, paddy field crops combination and selection and construction of commercial rice production bases.

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Preliminary Study on the Relationship of Quality Characters between Indica-type Hybrid Rice and Their Parents Liang Jingkun,Liang Chengye,Zhang Longfen,Chen Baoyuan,He Bingsen 1988, 2(3): 111-116 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (269KB) ( )   The relationship between hybrid rice and their parents on exterior quality of 29 combinations and cooking-eating characters of 32 combinations were studied, The average length, width and chalkiness of hybrid rice grains were the mean that of both parents; The grain thickness and weight exceed mid-parent value. The value of gelatinization temperature and gel consistency on cooking-eating quality were hetween both parents: Similarly, there was no significant difference between hybrid rice and mid-parent value in average amylose content, ttence, it will be useful to understand these facts for selecting parents on hybrid rice quality breeding.

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Studies on the Spatial Patterns and Sampling Techniques of the Population of Brown Planthopper in the Initial Stable-increasing Stage Qi Lizheng,Huang Fangnen,Cheng Xianian,Ding Zongze 1988, 2(3): 117-122 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (270KB) ( )   The distribution of nymph-adult population of brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens) in the initial stable-increasing stage fits negative binomial distribution, and egg population fits truncated negative binomial distribution (TNBD). Theoretical sampling sizes models were obtained: For nymph-adult population,n=(1/D2) (1/(x)+1/2. 3584) or n=t/D2 (1/(x) + 1/2. 3584), n= theoretical sampling sizes, (x)=average of sample, D= allowable error, t=the value of t-distribution. For egg population, n=9.1777/(D2(x)) [1-P(1)] or n=(t/D)2*(9.1777(x)) [1-P(1)], n=theoretical sampling sizes without zero, x=average of sampling without zero, P(I) frequency of one in the samples without zero. Theoretical sampling sizes models of nymph-adult population were obtained accordingtothe improving of IWAO's (M)—M model and Taylor's power law as following: n=1/D2(7.4820/(?)+0.11(?)-1.322)or n=t/D2(7.4820/(x)+0.11(x)-1.322)andn=0.9932/D2 ·(x)0.26854 or n=t/D2. 0.9932(x)0.26854.

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Studies on the Inheritance of the Hubei Photoperiod-sensitive Genic Male-sterile Rice Zhang Tingbi 1988, 2(3): 123-128 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (339KB) ( )   Since 1973, when the "Hubei Photoperiod-sensitive Male-sterile Rice" was discovered, fifteen years have passed. So far, this kind of male-sterile rice has not been used for producing hybrid seeds.Our studies have shown that this kind of male sterility is inherited in relation to the genetic background of the strain. The mode of segregation of this male sterility was different in various lines of the F5 or F7 generation derived from the same crossing. The majority of plants in various lines may be sterile, semi-sterile or fertile.The segregational proportions differ from the Mendelian mode in which selfed progenies of recessive individuals do not segregate.Plants of the F5 or F7 generation derived from the selected male-sterile plants continue segregating in later generations. Because of this segregation in the descendants of recessive individuals this kind of male sterile lines could not be used for hybrid seed production in rice.

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Trends in Breeding Rice for Ideotype (in English) Yang Shouren,Chen Wenfu,Zhang Longbu 1988, 2(3): 129-135 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (358KB) ( )   Chinese rice scientists increased rice varietal yields during the 1950s and 1960s by improving the plant type and since the 1970s by exploiting the phenomenon of heterosis in developing F1 hybrid cultivars. Both approaches seem to have reached a plateau, with yields of 8～9 t/ha. If still higher yields are to be achieved, total biomass yield has to be increased while maintaining a reasonable gram straw ratio. Research efforts should aim at:(1) increasing leaf area; (2) increasing photosynthetic efficiency per unit leaf area and (3) improving fertilizer responsiveness and lodging resistance. This would require combining ideal plant morphology with favorable vigor, Indica—japonica hybridization should meet this objectives. High stomata frequency of indicas could be combined with japonica traits of compact plant type, higher specificleaf weight, higher chlorophyll content per unit leaf area, and higher nitrogen and RUBPC content. All these characteristics are advantageous to close planting and to increasing photosynthetic efficiency of leaves and total biomass yield. Indtca japonica crossing would also result in ideal plant morphology and in increased growth vigor.

实验技术

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A Simplified Method on Amylose Content Determination of Single Rice Grain Luo Yukun,Shen Yuezheng,Min Shaokai,Xiong Zhenmin 1988, 2(3): 136-140 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (318KB) ( )   A simplified method on amylose content determination of single rice grain, without grinding and boiling, but directly gelatinized with cold alkali soultion at 30℃, was presented. For the list, a single milled rice grain was put into a 20ml graduated tube, add 0.2 ml of 95% ethanol and 1 ml of 1.8M NaOH solution, kept in incubator for 24 hr at 30℃. After the sample shaken with vibrator, it was made up to full volume with distilled water for colorimetric assay with Autoanalyzer. The amylose content was calculated based on dry weight of single rice grain. The results was closely agreed with that from the standard method. This method has the advantages such as smaller sample, simpler procedure and easier operation, and may be used for physiological and genetical studies of amylose content of rice grain and for the screening of breeding materials.

研究简报

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Effects of Crop Density and Fertilization on Rice Grain Quality (Oryza satica L.) Lu Chuangen 1988, 2(3): 141-144 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (217KB) ( )

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The Early Maturing Efficiency of In Vitro Radiatian on Somaclone in Rice Zhao Chengzhang,Qi Xiufang,Zheng Kangle,Xiong Zhenmin 1988, 2(3): 145-146 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (153KB) ( )