Archive

05 September 1992, Volume 6 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
研究报告
研究简报


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

研究报告

Select

Polypeptides Possibly Associated with Strain-specific Recognition for Bacterial Blight in Rice Tao Quanzhou,Xu Weijun,Zeng Yishen,Yin Shangzhi,Wang Yuhuan 1992, 6(3): 97-104 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (1561KB) ( )   A polypeptide from rice cultivar IR26, IR1545, or TN1 interacts with incompatible (avirulent) strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae (Xco) but not with compatible (virulent) ones. A polypeptide from Nangeng 15 has been found which disappeared from the 2-D slabs after mixing with incompatible Xco strains. Nangeng 15 displays resistance in adult period but not in seedlings. The polypeptide was found in adult period but not in the seedling stage. IR26 is a resistant cultivar in the full growth period, it expresses the polypeptide not only in adult period but also in seedlings. According to genetic analyses, the resistance of cultivar DV85 to bacterial is controlled by three genes (Xa-5, Xa-6, and Xa-7). We have not gotten the Xco strain matched for Xa-6, the data showed merely that rice cultivar DV85 expresses more than two kinds of strain-specific polypeptide of different specificity. The phenomenon may provide evidence for Ellingboe's model of incompatible combination. As the strain-specificity and the temporal expression patterns of the polypeptides are correlated with the cultivar resistance in field, the polypeptides might be the products of the resistant genes.

Select

Genetic Analysis for the Hybrid Sterility of Intersubspecific Crosses in Rice Shen Zongtan,Xu Yunbi 1992, 6(3): 105-112 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (510KB) ( )   To examine the genetic mechanism of indica-japonica hybrid F1 sterility of rice, single crosses (F1 and F2) and three-varietal crosses (TVC) were made, using 4 intersubspeciflc compatible varieties (ICV) as parents. The results indicated that there were some dispersed (nonallelic) sterility loci between indica IR 58 and Erjiufeng and between japonica Xiushui 117 and T8340. The variation of fertility within each TVC of different types revealed the recombination and accumulation effects of IC genes. The great segregation of sterility was found in both F2 populations, from either high or low fertile F1s, and the TVCs from three ICVs, which could be attributed to the dispersive distribution and recombination of sterility loci of parents. By use of three pairs of waxy and isogenic nonwaxy lines to make TVCs with ICVs, a further research indicated that there was no evidence of linkage relationship between wide compatible genes and waxy gene. A polygenic system with more than one locus was considered to be responsible for the F1 sterility (compatibility). Two kinds of gene actions, additive and epistasis, could be respectively used to explain the two kinds of compatibilities, general (wide) and special (narrow) compatibilities.

Select

Inheritance of Wide Compatibility in Rice Cultivars 02428 and 8504 Lu Cheng,Pan Xigan 1992, 6(3): 113-118 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (341KB) ( )   Rice cultivars 02428, 8504, and CPSLO17 were crossed with three indica testers, i. e. Nanjing 11, IR36, Ce49 and three japonica testers, i. e. Balila, Akihikari, Toyonishiki, the spikelet fertility of F1 hybrids is 78.7%～97.9%, the mean spikelet fertility of F1 hybrids included 02428, 8504 and CPSLO17 as one parent is 90.2%, 82.4% and 90.9% respectively. It suggests that the inheritance of wide compatibility in these WCVs might be controlled by a single major gene modified by minor genes, and the wide compatibility gene not only link with chromogen gene C+ located in linkage group I, but also its inheritance fits to one-locus sporo-gametophytic interaction model.

Select

Lethal and Antifeeding Effects of Carbofuran against the Whitebacked Planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) (Homoptera: Delphacidae)(in English) Liu Guangjie,R M Wilkins 1992, 6(3): 119-124 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (176KB) ( )   Lethal and antifeeding effects of carbofuran against the adult females of Sogatella furcifera were studied by measuring insect mortality and feeding reduction with leaf sheath, topical and root-zone applications. The LD50 values for leaf sheath, topical and root-zone applications were 0.51μg/cm2, 0.86 μg/g, and 8.82 μmol/l, respectively. Among the application methods, topical application of carbofuran was most effective against S. furcifera. Honeydew excretion reduced significantly when S. furcifera fed on the leafsheaths of susceptible TN1 plants treated with carbofuran in 0.016 μg/cm2 and in 0.1 μmol/l at root zone, and when insects were treated topically at 0.002 ng/female. Feeding behaviour of S. furcifera on TN1 plants treated at the root zone was also investigated using an electronic device.

Select

Some Resistance Indices of Selected Resistant Japonica Varieties to Rice Brown Planthopper Gao Chunxian,Bai Yawei,Gu Xiuhui 1992, 6(3): 125-130 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (403KB) ( )   The resistance indices of japonica varieties resistant to the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, are described. The rice variety Xiushui 48 was used as susceptible control. The results indicate: 1) The area of honeydew excreted by BPH was apparently greater on susceptible than that on resistant varieties. The number of eggs oviposited in the life-span of BPH on different rice varieties were: 316.2/female on Xiushui 48; 191.0/female on Xiushui 620; 165.2/female on Jia 23 and 87.5/female on IR64. The survival rates of BPH on different rice varieties were: Xiushui 48, 100%; Xiushui 620, 44% and Jia 23, 28.22%. There exist positive relationship between relative intake amount of BPH (Area of honeydew excreted by BPH) and resistance grade of rice variety, cumulative insect-days per hill, survival rate, oviposition amount of BPH. 2) The rates of population increase of BPH on different resistant varieties were 0.1221 on Xiushui 48; 0.0880 on Xiushui 620 and 0.0830 on Jia 23-2. 3) The K values of logistic models on the tested varieties were: Xiushui 48, 81.58 and Xiushui 620, 30.54. 4) The intrinsic control rate in this experiment was Xiushui 48, 81.58% and Xiushui 620, 30.54%. 4) The intrinsic IR64, 86.32%, 5) The field control rates of several varieties to BPH were: Xiushui 48, 0%; Xiushui 620, 77.23% and Jia 23-2, 76.68%.

研究简报

Select

Acid-producing Bacteria Used for Controlling Moulds of Wet Rice Grain Huang Ruizhi,Zhuge Genzhang 1992, 6(3): 131-134 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (264KB) ( )   The acid-producing bacterial strain C52 was isolated from rice grains. It produced acid in high capacity to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus and Penicillium, which were the main pathogens. Results of laboratory tests in 1989 and 1990 indicated that bacterial C52 decreased the mildew of wet grains. When wet grains were treated with C52 bacterial suspension, their rate of mould, spore number per gram of grain and rate of yellow kernel were lower than those of control. Mould control effect of C52 were increased if the bacterial suspension mixed with sterilized ash before tests, as ash could make the bacteria spread better.

Select

Effectiveness of Urease Inhibitors Related to Enviromental Factors in Paddy Field Lu Wanfang,Chen Wei 1992, 6(3): 135-138 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (234KB) ( )   The effect of urease inhibitors, PPD, NBPT, HQ, were studied in laboratory and field on different soil under oxidized and reduced conditions, different temperature condition, and different rate of rice straw incorporated to soil. The effectiveness of PPD was the highest among 3 inhibitors, followed by NBPT. The rate of urea hydrolysis was found in the descending order of 35℃, 25℃, 45℃, 15℃. Rate of urea hydrolysis raised with increase of straw incorporated to soil, and approached to the maximum when the rate of rice straw at 3 mg/g soil. In a field experiment, the amendment of NBPT increase the recovery of Urea-N in rice plants and grain yield by 2.60%-7.52% and 5.70%-10.60% compared with the control, respectively.

Select

Genetics of Three Stigmas in Rice Line A20 Shi Ainong,Zhang Qi,Zhang Qixing,Wang Yongxin,Wang Wanzhang 1992, 6(3): 139-141 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (371KB) ( )   The three stigmas in rice line A20 were discovered in 1990. The percentage of the three stigmas of A20 was 12.8%±10.4% and affected by environmental factors. The three stigmas were heritable and controlled by major recessive genes. They also could be transfered to other rice materials by hybridization.

Select

Current Status on Research of Rice Germplasm Resources in China (in English) Ying Cunshan 1992, 6(3): 142-144 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (150KB) ( )