Chinese Journal OF Rice Science ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 586-594.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.201213
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Guang CHU#, Ran XU#, Song CHEN, Chunmei XU, Yuanhui LIU, Xiufu ZHANG, Danying WANG*()
Received:
2020-12-16
Revised:
2021-03-17
Online:
2021-11-10
Published:
2021-11-10
Contact:
Danying WANG
About author:
#These authors contributed equally to the work
褚光#, 徐冉#, 陈松, 徐春梅, 刘元辉, 章秀福, 王丹英*()
通讯作者:
王丹英
作者简介:
#共同第一作者
基金资助:
Guang CHU, Ran XU, Song CHEN, Chunmei XU, Yuanhui LIU, Xiufu ZHANG, Danying WANG. Effects of Improved Crop Management on Growth Characteristic of Root and Shoot, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Grain Yield in Rice[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2021, 35(6): 586-594.
褚光, 徐冉, 陈松, 徐春梅, 刘元辉, 章秀福, 王丹英. 优化栽培模式对水稻根-冠生长特性、水氮利用效率和产量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2021, 35(6): 586-594.
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URL: http://www.ricesci.cn/EN/10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.201213
年度 Year | pH | 全氮含量 Total N content /(g·kg-1 ) | 有机质含量 Organic matter content /(g·kg-1) | 速效氮磷钾 Available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium/(mg·kg -1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | P | K | ||||
2018 | 6.3 | 2.44 | 57.5 | 218 | 21.4 | 65.9 |
2019 | 6.2 | 2.50 | 54.9 | 206 | 23.6 | 68.5 |
Table 1 Soil physical and chemical properties in the experiment field.
年度 Year | pH | 全氮含量 Total N content /(g·kg-1 ) | 有机质含量 Organic matter content /(g·kg-1) | 速效氮磷钾 Available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium/(mg·kg -1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | P | K | ||||
2018 | 6.3 | 2.44 | 57.5 | 218 | 21.4 | 65.9 |
2019 | 6.2 | 2.50 | 54.9 | 206 | 23.6 | 68.5 |
月份 Month | 降水量Precipitation/mm | 日照Sunshine/h | 平均气温Temperature/℃ | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | |||
6月 June | 71 | 115 | 218 | 205 | 26.8 | 26.4 | ||
7月July | 182 | 175 | 241 | 254 | 28.9 | 28.8 | ||
8月August | 151 | 180 | 185 | 211 | 28.1 | 28.4 | ||
9月September | 84 | 72 | 178 | 185 | 26.5 | 26.9 | ||
10月October | 77 | 89 | 164 | 157 | 22.8 | 23.2 |
Table 2 Monthly total precipitation and sunshine hours, and average temperatures during the growing seasons for rice.
月份 Month | 降水量Precipitation/mm | 日照Sunshine/h | 平均气温Temperature/℃ | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | |||
6月 June | 71 | 115 | 218 | 205 | 26.8 | 26.4 | ||
7月July | 182 | 175 | 241 | 254 | 28.9 | 28.8 | ||
8月August | 151 | 180 | 185 | 211 | 28.1 | 28.4 | ||
9月September | 84 | 72 | 178 | 185 | 26.5 | 26.9 | ||
10月October | 77 | 89 | 164 | 157 | 22.8 | 23.2 |
年度 处理 Year Treatment | 产量 Grain yield /(t·hm-2) | 穗数 No. of panicles /(×104·hm-2) | 每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle | 总颖花量 Total spikelets /(×106·hm-2) | 结实率 Seed-setting rate /% | 粒重 Grain weight /mg |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 0N | 7.97±0.25 b | 160±4.8 c | 251±7.8 b | 4.02±0.11 c | 88.2±1.2 a | 22.5±0.14 a |
LFP | 11.5±0.30 a | 215±3.5 a | 301±5.7 a | 6.47±0.20 a | 79.4±2.0 c | 22.4±0.16 a |
ICM | 11.4±0.28 a | 200±5.6 b | 297±6.4 a | 5.94±0.13 b | 85.4±1.4 b | 22.5±0.12 a |
2019 0N | 7.83±0.19 b | 155±6.2 c | 255±4.7 b | 3.95±0.15 c | 87.7±1.3 a | 22.6±0.11 a |
LFP | 11.7±0.22 a | 220±4.7 a | 310±7.2 a | 6.82±0.17 a | 76.5±1.5 b | 22.4±0.10 ab |
ICM | 11.8±0.18 a | 208±5.2 b | 300±5.8 a | 6.24±0.15 b | 84.6±2.0 a | 22.3±0.14 b |
方差分析 Analysis of variance | ||||||
年份 Year(Y) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
处理 Treatment(T) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | NS |
Y×T | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Table 3 Effects of different crop managements on grain yield and yield components.
年度 处理 Year Treatment | 产量 Grain yield /(t·hm-2) | 穗数 No. of panicles /(×104·hm-2) | 每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle | 总颖花量 Total spikelets /(×106·hm-2) | 结实率 Seed-setting rate /% | 粒重 Grain weight /mg |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 0N | 7.97±0.25 b | 160±4.8 c | 251±7.8 b | 4.02±0.11 c | 88.2±1.2 a | 22.5±0.14 a |
LFP | 11.5±0.30 a | 215±3.5 a | 301±5.7 a | 6.47±0.20 a | 79.4±2.0 c | 22.4±0.16 a |
ICM | 11.4±0.28 a | 200±5.6 b | 297±6.4 a | 5.94±0.13 b | 85.4±1.4 b | 22.5±0.12 a |
2019 0N | 7.83±0.19 b | 155±6.2 c | 255±4.7 b | 3.95±0.15 c | 87.7±1.3 a | 22.6±0.11 a |
LFP | 11.7±0.22 a | 220±4.7 a | 310±7.2 a | 6.82±0.17 a | 76.5±1.5 b | 22.4±0.10 ab |
ICM | 11.8±0.18 a | 208±5.2 b | 300±5.8 a | 6.24±0.15 b | 84.6±2.0 a | 22.3±0.14 b |
方差分析 Analysis of variance | ||||||
年份 Year(Y) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
处理 Treatment(T) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | NS |
Y×T | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
年度 处理 Year Treatment | 吸氮量 N uptake/(g·m-2) | 氮收获指数 N harvest index | 氮肥偏生产力 PFPN/(kg·kg-1) | 产谷利用率 IEN/(kg·kg-1) | 灌溉用水量 Irrigation water/mm | 水分利用效率 WUE/(kg·m-3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 0N | 121±3.8 c | 0.71±0.03 a | - | 65.7±2.2 a | 725±37 a | 0.62±0.08 c |
LFP | 197±4.2 a | 0.58±0.02 c | 57.5±2.5 b | 58.4±1.3 c | 755±45 a | 0.87±0.09 b |
ICM | 186±2.7 b | 0.62±0.02 b | 71.3±3.6 a | 61.5±1.6 b | 567±29 b | 1.01±0.10 a |
2019 0N | 123±4.0 c | 0.70±0.01 a | - | 63.8±2.5 a | 695±41 a | 0.63±0.06 c |
LFP | 202±3.1 a | 0.60±0.02 c | 58.4±4.1 b | 57.8±1.8 c | 702±32 a | 0.93±0.10 b |
ICM | 192±2.4 b | 0.65±0.02 b | 73.8±5.2 a | 61.4±1.6 b | 552±40 b | 1.07±0.03 a |
方差分析 Analysis of variance | ||||||
年份 Year(Y) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
处理 Treatment(T) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
Y×T | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Table 4 Effects of different crop managements on nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency in rice.
年度 处理 Year Treatment | 吸氮量 N uptake/(g·m-2) | 氮收获指数 N harvest index | 氮肥偏生产力 PFPN/(kg·kg-1) | 产谷利用率 IEN/(kg·kg-1) | 灌溉用水量 Irrigation water/mm | 水分利用效率 WUE/(kg·m-3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 0N | 121±3.8 c | 0.71±0.03 a | - | 65.7±2.2 a | 725±37 a | 0.62±0.08 c |
LFP | 197±4.2 a | 0.58±0.02 c | 57.5±2.5 b | 58.4±1.3 c | 755±45 a | 0.87±0.09 b |
ICM | 186±2.7 b | 0.62±0.02 b | 71.3±3.6 a | 61.5±1.6 b | 567±29 b | 1.01±0.10 a |
2019 0N | 123±4.0 c | 0.70±0.01 a | - | 63.8±2.5 a | 695±41 a | 0.63±0.06 c |
LFP | 202±3.1 a | 0.60±0.02 c | 58.4±4.1 b | 57.8±1.8 c | 702±32 a | 0.93±0.10 b |
ICM | 192±2.4 b | 0.65±0.02 b | 73.8±5.2 a | 61.4±1.6 b | 552±40 b | 1.07±0.03 a |
方差分析 Analysis of variance | ||||||
年份 Year(Y) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
处理 Treatment(T) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
Y×T | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Fig. 1. Effects of different crop managements on shoot dry weight (A, B), root dry weight (C, D), root-shoot ratio (E, F) in rice. JT, Jointing stage; HD, Heading date; MA, Maturity; The same below.
Fig. 4. Effects of different crop managements on root oxidation activity(A, B) and flag leaf photosynthetic rate(C, D) in rice. EG, Early grain filling; MG, Mid-grain filling; LF, Late grain filling.
Fig. 5. Effects of different crop managements on concentration of Z+ZR in root bleeding sap(A, B) and concentration of Z+ZR in leaves(C, D) in rice. EG, Early grain filling; MG, Mid-grain filling; LF, Late grain filling.
年度 Year | 处理 Treatment | 蔗糖合酶SuSase/(μmol·g-1 min-1) | 腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶AGPase/(μmol·g-1 min-1) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
灌浆早期EG | 灌浆中期MG | 灌浆末期LG | 灌浆早期EG | 灌浆中期MG | 灌浆末期LG | |||
2018 | 0N | 8.78 b | 5.27 c | 3.08 c | 6.22 b | 4.22 c | 2.08 c | |
LFP | 13.50 a | 6.88 b | 4.25 b | 8.45 a | 5.35 b | 3.52 b | ||
ICM | 13.80 a | 8.94 a | 6.77 a | 8.95 a | 6.89 a | 5.11 a | ||
2019 | 0N | 8.54 b | 5.14 c | 3.22 c | 5.79 b | 3.98 c | 2.15 c | |
LFP | 13.10 a | 6.54 b | 4.80 b | 8.97 a | 5.78 b | 3.88 b | ||
ICM | 12.90 a | 8.85 a | 6.84 a | 9.11 a | 7.08 a | 4.98 a | ||
方差分析 Analysis of variance | 年份 Year(Y) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | |
处理 Treatment(T) | ** | ** | ** | ** | * | * | ||
Y×T | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Table 5 Effects of different crop managements on the activities of SuSase and AGPase in grains.
年度 Year | 处理 Treatment | 蔗糖合酶SuSase/(μmol·g-1 min-1) | 腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶AGPase/(μmol·g-1 min-1) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
灌浆早期EG | 灌浆中期MG | 灌浆末期LG | 灌浆早期EG | 灌浆中期MG | 灌浆末期LG | |||
2018 | 0N | 8.78 b | 5.27 c | 3.08 c | 6.22 b | 4.22 c | 2.08 c | |
LFP | 13.50 a | 6.88 b | 4.25 b | 8.45 a | 5.35 b | 3.52 b | ||
ICM | 13.80 a | 8.94 a | 6.77 a | 8.95 a | 6.89 a | 5.11 a | ||
2019 | 0N | 8.54 b | 5.14 c | 3.22 c | 5.79 b | 3.98 c | 2.15 c | |
LFP | 13.10 a | 6.54 b | 4.80 b | 8.97 a | 5.78 b | 3.88 b | ||
ICM | 12.90 a | 8.85 a | 6.84 a | 9.11 a | 7.08 a | 4.98 a | ||
方差分析 Analysis of variance | 年份 Year(Y) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | |
处理 Treatment(T) | ** | ** | ** | ** | * | * | ||
Y×T | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
参数 Parameter | 叶片中Z+ZR含量 Z+ZR in leaves | 剑叶净光合速率 Photosynthetic rate | 蔗糖合酶 SuSase | 腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶 AGPase | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 根系氧化力 ROA | 0.71** | 0.91** | 0.70** | 0.78** |
根系伤流液中Z+ZR浓度 Z+ZR in root bleeding | 0.90** | 0.74** | 0.74** | 0.74** | |
2019 | 根系氧化力 ROA | 0.80** | 0.88** | 0.77** | 0.81** |
根系伤流液中Z+ZR浓度 Z+ZR in root bleeding | 0.83** | 0.79** | 0.73** | 0.70** |
Table 6 Correlation coefficients of physiological traits in shoot and root.
参数 Parameter | 叶片中Z+ZR含量 Z+ZR in leaves | 剑叶净光合速率 Photosynthetic rate | 蔗糖合酶 SuSase | 腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶 AGPase | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 根系氧化力 ROA | 0.71** | 0.91** | 0.70** | 0.78** |
根系伤流液中Z+ZR浓度 Z+ZR in root bleeding | 0.90** | 0.74** | 0.74** | 0.74** | |
2019 | 根系氧化力 ROA | 0.80** | 0.88** | 0.77** | 0.81** |
根系伤流液中Z+ZR浓度 Z+ZR in root bleeding | 0.83** | 0.79** | 0.73** | 0.70** |
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