Chinese Journal OF Rice Science ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 59-68.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.0714

• Research Papers • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Seedling-raising Substrate and Water Spraying Interval on Seedling Quality and Grain Yield of MechanicallyTransplantedRice

LIRui, DONGLiqiang, SHANGWenqi, MALiang, Xianju WANG, WANGZheng, LIYuedong*()   

  1. Liaoning Rice Research Institute, Shenyang 110101,China
  • Received:2020-07-21 Revised:2020-11-13 Online:2021-01-10 Published:2021-01-10
  • Contact: LIYuedong

育秧基质和喷水间隔处理对机插秧苗素质及产量的影响

李睿, 董立强, 商文奇, 马亮, 王先俱, 王铮, 李跃东*()   

  1. 辽宁省水稻研究所,沈阳 110101
  • 通讯作者: 李跃东
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFD030070)

Abstract:

【Objective】To explore suitable water management method formechanicallytransplantedrice seedlingsunder the mode of mechanized sowing and dry seedbed nursing.【Method】Two substrates(organic substrate andnutrient soil) were used and three water treatments(with water spraying intervalsof 24 h,48 h,72 h) were set at 1.5-leaf age to reveal the changes of the seedling quality, mechanical transplanting quality and rice yield, with Liaojing 401 as test material.【Result】Compared with the water treatments with a water spraying interval of 24 h, the 72 h-interval water spraying treatment could increase SPAD of seedlings, decrease the height of the seedlings, increase the number of the roots, the ratio of root to shoot, improve the quality of the seedlings. The injured seedling percentageand unplantedhillrate in the72 h-interval water spraying treatment was low and it took less time for seedlings to recover after transplanting, and the seedlings produced many new roots. The seedlings under the72 h-interval water treatment were more adaptable to the field environment, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the seedlings in the72 h-interval water treatment were at a high level. The performance of productive panicle number, seed setting rate and actual yield of the 72 h-interval water treatment was the best.【Conclusion】The method of the 72 h-interval water treatment could improve the quality of the seedlings and machine-transplanted quality. The seedlings recover fast after mechanical transplanting, and the tillers transform into more productive panicles, thusthe actual yield of the 72 h-interval water treatment was increased.

Key words: substrate, water treatment, seedling quality, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, yield

摘要: 目的 探明适合水稻机械化播种+旱育秧模式下培育符合机插标准健壮秧苗的水分管理方式。方法 以辽粳401为供试材料,选用2种育苗载体(有机质型育苗基质和营养土),于秧苗1叶1心期设置3种喷水间隔处理(24h、48h、72h),研究不同喷水间隔下水稻秧苗素质、移栽质量及产量的变化规律。结果 喷水时间间隔由24h延长至72h,秧苗SPAD值升高,株高降低,根数增加,根冠比升高,秧苗的综合素质提高。间隔72h喷水处理秧苗机插伤株率和漏插率低,移栽后缓苗活棵迅速,新根数量多。移栽后间隔72h喷水处理秧苗对环境的适应性更强,其最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)和实际光化学量子产量(Yield)、光化学猝灭(qP)和非光化学猝灭(NPQ)均处于较高水平。72h处理成熟期有效穗数最多,结实率最高,实际产量最高。结论 采用间隔72 h的水分管理方式,能够提高水稻机械化育苗的秧苗素质,提高机插质量,利于机插后缓苗,促进茎蘖成穗,从而提高水稻产量。

关键词: 育苗基质, 水分管理, 秧苗素质, 叶绿素荧光, 产量