稻纵卷叶螟经Bt水稻低强度处理多代后幼虫生长发育和中肠主要酶活性的变化

doi:10．3969/j．issn．1001G7216．2015．04．011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确稻纵卷叶螟对Bt水稻的适应能力,用转cry2A基因水稻T2A-1低强度(每代饲喂5 h)处理稻纵卷叶螟三代,观察其幼虫主要生长发育指标并测定其体内主要中肠酶的活性。与未经Bt水稻处理的稻纵卷叶螟相比, Bt水稻处理的第1代稻纵卷叶螟3~5龄历期显著延长,蛹羽化率显著降低,但随着处理代数的增加,这两个指标均恢复至对照水平;Bt水稻处理第1代的3~5龄幼虫存活率、雌蛹重均低于对照,雄蛹重与对照无显著差异,但这些指标并未随处理代数的增加而恢复至对照水平或维持对照水平,且第3代均低于对照。处理后稻纵卷叶螟中肠总蛋白酶和类胰凝乳蛋白酶活性较对照有所降低,但随着处理代数的增加其总蛋白酶活性呈上升趋势。处理后的稻纵卷叶螟中肠内强碱性类胰蛋白酶和游离氨肽酶活性较对照有所增加,且随着处理代数的增加其活性继续增强。这些结果表明稻纵卷叶螟对低强度的Cry2A蛋白具有一定的应对能力。

关键词: 稻纵卷叶螟, Bt水稻, 生长发育, 中肠酶活性, 适应性

Abstract:

The developmental indices and main enzyme activities in midgut of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis treated with low amount of Bt rice leaves of T2A-1 (harboring cry2A gene) for three generations (5 h for every generation) were investigated to understand the response of C. medinalis to Bt rice. Results showed that developmental duration of 3rd-5th instar C. medinalis fed on Bt rice leaves in the 1st generation were prolonged and the emergence rates of C. medinalis sharply decreased compared with the untreated C. medinalis. However, these two indices returned to the level of the untreated C. medinalis with the increasing generations. The mortalities of the 3rd-5th instar C. medinalis larvae and the weight of female pupa lowered, and the weight of male pupa did not differ from that of untreated C. medinalis. Furthermore, the mortality of the 3rd-5th instar C. medinalis larvae and weight of male and female pupa did not return to or remain the levels of the untreated C. medinalis as the treated generations increased. These indices for the treated 3rd generation C. medinalis were lower than those of untreated C. medinalis. The total proteinase activities in C. medinalis larvae midgut juice fed on Bt rice leaves were lower than those in untreated C. medinalis, but the total proteinase activities followed an increasing trend with the increasing generations, and the similar trend was observed in the chymotrypsin-like enzyme activity of C. medinalis. While the activities of trypsin in the treated C. medinalis were higher than that in untreated C. medinalis and increased as treated generations increased, and the similar trend was observed in the aminopeptidase activity of C. medinalis. These results indicated that C. medinalis has potential adaptive ability under exposure to low amount of Cry2A protein.

Key words: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Bt rice, growth and development, activity of midgut enzymes, adaptation

中图分类号:

吴志红, 杨亚军, 徐红星, 郑许松, 田俊策, 鲁艳辉, 吕仲贤. 稻纵卷叶螟经Bt水稻低强度处理多代后幼虫生长发育和中肠主要酶活性的变化[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2015, 29(4): 417-423.

Zhi-hong WU, Ya-jun YANG, Hong-xing XU, Xu-song ZHENG, Jun-ce TIAN, Yan-hui LU, Zhong-xian LV. Changes in Growth and Development and Main Enzyme Activities in Midgut of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Intermittently Treated With Low Amount of Bt Rice Leaves over Generations[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2015, 29(4): 417-423.

图/表 3

表1 转cry2A基因抗虫水稻低强度处理稻纵卷叶螟不同代别3~5龄幼虫存活率和历期

Table 1 Survival rate and larval duration for the 3rd - 5th instar of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis from different generations intermittently treated with low amount of Bt rice with cry2A gene.

世代 Generation	Cry2A含量 Cry2A content /(μg·g^-1)	3龄存活率 Survival rate of 3rd instar larvae/%	4龄存活率 Survival rate of 4thinstar larvae/%	5龄存活率 Survival rate of 5th instar larvae/%	3~5龄存活率 Survival rate of 3rd -5th instar larvae/%	3~5龄历期 Duration of 3rd-5th instar larvae/d
CK	-	96.74±3.26 a	94.61±2.48 a	90.03±2.23 a	82.16±1.85 a	10.8±0.5 b
F₁	7.3±0.6 a	80.21±1.80 a	86.32±2.76 a	58.14±5.54 b	40.10±2.74 bc	13.2±1.4 a
F₂	8.5±0.8 a	94.45±2.35 a	90.68±3.32 a	60.95±4.29 b	52.88±6.23 b	11.0±0.3 b
F₃	7.0±0.7 a	63.64±2.74 b	85.71±2.58 a	62.50±6.23 b	34.09±1.81 c	10.8±0.6 b

表2 转cry2A基因抗虫水稻低强度处理稻纵卷叶螟不同代别雌雄蛹质量和蛹羽化率

Table 2 Weight of pupa and emergence rate of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis intermittently treated with low amount of Bt rice with cry2A gene.

世代 Generation	雌蛹质量 Weight of female pupa /mg	雄蛹质量 Weight of male pupa /mg	蛹羽化率 Emergence rate /%
CK	19.6±0.4 a	20.3±0.3 a	96.30±2.30 a
F₁	16.7±0.5 b	18.0±0.6 ab	61.04±7.33 b
F₂	18.4±0.4 ab	18.7±0.4 ab	81.21±5.89 a
F₃	16.3±0.9 b	16.4±0.9 b	86.67±2.48 a

图1 Bt水稻低强度处理稻纵卷叶螟不同代别幼虫中肠酶活性（数据为平均数±标准误。不同小写字母表示在P<0.05水平上差异显著(Tukey检验)。）

Fig. 1. Activities of main enzymes in the midgut of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis larvae from different generations intermittently treated with low amount of Bt rice.（Figures were shown as mean±SE. Different lowercase letter indicate that there are significant differences at P<0.05 level by the Tukey’s test.）

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