Archive

17 March 1990, Volume 4 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
研究报告
实验技术
研究简报


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

研究报告

Select

Genetics of Resistance to Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae) in Five Rice Cultivars Zhang Qi,Shi Ainong,Wang Chunlian,Que Gengsheng 1990, 4(1): 1-8 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (389KB) ( )   The inheritance and allelic relationships of genes resistant to three strains of Xantnomonas campestris pv. orvzae in five rice cultivars Pei-Zao 15. Bang-Zhu-Mang, Nan-Geng 15, Zhong-Bai 4, and Qing-Hua-Ai 6, were studied. The analysis of F1, F2 and B1 F2 populations from the crosses of the five cultivars with susceptible cultivar, Sheng-Nong 1033. It was concluded that resistance in Pei-Zao 15 and Bang-Zhu-Mang is under a single dominant gene controlling the 3 strains at booting stage. Both Nan-Geng 15 and Zhong-Bai 4 have two linked dominant genes with crossover value 30% operating in the 3 strains at booting stage. Qing-Hua-Ai 6 is under a single incomplete dominant gene controlling the 3 strains at all growth stages. Allelic tests with known genes for resistance indicate that the dominant gene expressing resistance in adult Pei-Zao 15 and Bang-Zhu-Mang is Xα-3. One of the two dominant genes in Nan-Geng 15 and Zhong-Bei 4 is Xα-3, too. Qing-Hua-Ai 6 has an allelic gene at the Xα-4 locus.

Select

Identification and Evaluation of Wide Compatibility in Rice Cultivars T984 and Pecos Xiong Zhenmin,Min Shaokai,Cheng Shihua,Cao Liyong 1990, 4(1): 9-14 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (415KB) ( )   Pecos, a japonica rice cultivar trom the USA, and T984, a local indica-japonica derivative were discovered to show the wide compatibility in indica/japonicacrosses. The spikelet fertilities of F1 hybrids of indica/Pecos and japonica/Pecos were 66.4% and 77.9%, respectively; and indica/T984 and japonica/T984 were 75.7% and 76.8%, respectively. The F1 hybrid of indica/Pecos or indica/T984 and japonica/T984 exceeded or greatly exceeded the parents in several traits such as plant height, the number of panicles per plant and the grain yield per plant. The values of Pecos and T984 in super high-yielding breeding program were evaluated.

Select

Somaclonal Male-Sterile Mutants and Their Expressions in Indica Rice (in English) Ling Dinghou,Liang Chengye,Ma Zhenrong,Chen Meifang,He Bingsen 1990, 4(1): 15-21 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (1203KB) ( )   In past five years from 1984 to 1988, 48 cases of male sterile (ms) mutants in nine varieties were found, in which 30 cases belonged to R1 generation and 28 to R2 generation. The frequency of ms variation in R, generation was around 1% and 2% in R2 generatiom. According to the characters of ms-mutants and their genetic expressions,pollen grain free(nuclear sterile) and abortive pollen (cytoplasmic genetic sterile) could be classified, In 1R54, two cases of pollen grain free ms-mutants were discovered similar in different generations (R1 and R2 generation) and different years (1985 and 1986) . Among ms-mutants of the abortive pollen type, one (54257) was found to be the cytoplasmic genetic male sterile mutant. Zheng-Shan 97, Er-Jiu-Ai,162-5 (a stable somaclonefrom IR52) and Gui-Chao 2 could maintain male sterility when crossed to the ms line (54257). IR24, IR36, IR54,Shuang-Er-Zhan and others could restore its fertility. This result showed that "54257" was a cytoplasmic ms-mutant. This is the first sample that the cytoplasmic ms mutant could be induced by tissue culture in the world.

Select

Correlation between K+ Influx and H+ Efflux by Roots of Intact Seedlings of indica Rice Varieties: A Method for Screening Efficient K+-uptaking Lines Xie Shaoping,Ni Jinshan 1990, 4(1): 22-26 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (242KB) ( )   The relation between K+ influx and H+ efflux by roots of low-salt indica rice varieties cultured in 0.2 mmol/L CaSO4 solution was studied. The linear correlations between K+ influx and H+ efflux in both 1.0mol/L KCl and 0.5mol/L K2SO4 media were highly significant The rates of K+ influxes by indica rice varieties were greater in KCl medium than those in K2SO4 medium, but rates of H+ effluxes were reverse. There was no corresponding relation between the rates of K+ influx or H+ efflux in both media. The above results indicated that the measurement of actdication of uptake medium (i. e. pH values decrease) could be used as a simple method for screening efficient K+ uptaking indica rice cultivars. but the uptake medium should be selectively used according to the field comditions.

Select

A Comparison of Characteristic of Cold Tolerance from Different Seedlings of F1 Hybrid Rice Cultivars and Their Parents (Three Lines) Li Ping,Wang Yirou,Liu Hongxian 1990, 4(1): 27-32 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (272KB) ( )   Aiming at the selection and breeding of cold tolerance of hybrid rice cultivars, we investigated the effects of chilling on five hybrid rice combinations. The results indicated that cold tolerance was different among these hybrid rice varieties. The order of cold tolerance (in decrease) expressed by the degrees of root electrical conductivity, transitional green of etiolated seedling and survival rate of seedling after chilling treatment was as follows: Japonica type Xiu-You 57, Indica type Qing-You-Zao, Shah-You 63, Shan-You 64 and Wei-You 64. The increase of relative electrical conductivity of root and relative decrease of chlorophyll content were in agreement with the survival rate of seedlings. Cold tolerance of hybrid progeny was similar to that of maternal lines but not similar to paternal lines. Cold telerance of maintainer lines was similar to that of the male sterile lines. The results of these experiments on the impact of selecting and breeding of cold tolerance in hybrid rice was discussed.

Select

A Revision on the Scientific and Chinese Name of the Verrucose Wild Rice Indigenous to China Wu Wanchun,Lu Yonggen,Wang Guochang 1990, 4(1): 33-37 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (1175KB) ( )   The morphological characteristics observed by SEM on the surface of the lemma and palea are as follows: The hillformed tubercles of Chinese verrucose wild rice grow densely similar to granudated wild rice while those of the verrucose wild rice outside China is sparsely. The glochid of Chinese verrucose wild rice is cuiviawl-shaped; Around the glochid the silica tubercles which have glossy ○-shaped tops are papillae. The glochid of granulated and ven-ucose wild rice outside China is rostriform and the silica tubercle takes after a volcanic top covered by a star-cap. It is obviously that Chinese verrucose wild rice is different from both the granulated and verrucose wild rice. In addition, the geographic distribution is different too. Therefore. Chinese verrucose wild rice is a new subspecies, i.e. Oryza meyeriana(Zoll, et Mor. ) Baill. subsp, tuberculatu W. C. Wu et Y. G. Lu, G. C. Wang.

实验技术

Select

Studies on the Method of Pesticide Multicomponents Analysis: Ⅱ. Capillary Gas Chromatography Analysis for the Residues of 18 Phosphorus and Organonitrate Insecticides in Rice Liang Tianxi,Lou Xiaohua,Zhang Qiao,Li Weige,Zhao Lanzhi 1990, 4(1): 38-42 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (319KB) ( )   A satisfactory separation for 18 components of organophosphorus and 5carbamate insecticides on the OV-101 fused silica capillary column was gained. The average coefficient of variation of relative retention time (RRT) 0.446%; average fortified recoveries tested by two institutes were 93.56 ± 8.94% and 91.88 ± 7.62%, respectively; and the precision of the method within the permitting range. Besides the detection sensitivity, linear relationship is also inspected.

研究简报

Select

Comparative Studies on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) of Hubei Photoperiod-Sensitive Genic Male-Sterile Rice (HPGMR) under Different Photoperiod Inductions Mei Qiming,Zhu Yingguo 1990, 4(1): 43-45 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (526KB) ( )