Chinese Journal OF Rice Science >
Effects of Seeding Quantity and Transplanting Machine Type on Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Mechanically transplanted Rice in Different Seedling Raising Ways
Received date: 2020-08-28
Revised date: 2021-03-30
Online published: 2021-11-10
【Objective】Nitrogen uptake and utilization decide matter accumulation and yield formation of rice. With the shrinking rural labor force and rapid development of machine-transplanting, there were few studies yet on nitrogen uptake under the integration of rice seedling nursing for mechanical transplanting and transplanting machines. In this manuscript, focusing on seedling raising-mechanical transplanting, a key link that connects agricultural machines with agricultural practices, we explored the effects of seedling raising methods and transplanting machines on nitrogen absorption and utilization of mechanically transplanted rice.【Method】Hybrid indica rice F you 498 was used as test material and a three-factor random block experiment was designed(two seedling raising methods: nutrient soil and slime; three seeding amount: 65, 85 and 105 g/plate; two transplanting machines: 4- row walk-on transplanter and 6-row riding high-speed transplanter). 【Result】The seedling raising method, seed quantity and transplanting machine exerted significant or extremely significant effects on nitrogen absorption and translocation in vegetative organs, SPAD value of flag leaf and nitrogen harvest index, nitrogen production efficiency and grain yield of mechanically transplanted rice, and the interaction effect was significant or extremely significant. The nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency of mechanically transplanted rice under nutrient soil treatment were higher than those under slime treatment, and the nitrogen translocation amount, translocation rate, contribution rate and nitrogen increase in panicle were higher than those under slurry treatment to a certain extent, with an average increase of 21.12%, 15.20%, 10.03% and 6.45%. With the increasing sowing quantity, the grain yield, nitrogen absorption and translocation amount, nitrogen dry matter production efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity of mechanically transplanted rice increased first and then decreased. Especially, the nitrogen accumulation in mature stage of mechanically transplanted rice with the sowing quantity of 85 g/plate increased by 16.19% and 28.14% on average as compared with the sowing amount of 65 g/plate and 105 g/plate. The yield and its component factors, dry matter weight at seeding stage, nitrogen uptake and translocation amount, nitrogen dry matter production efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity of mechanically transplanted rice with 6-row riding high-speed transplanter were significantly higher than those with 4-row walk-on transplanter.【Conclusion】Given nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen translocation amount, nitrogen accumulation in panicle, nitrogen yield and its components, nutrition soil , coupled with the sowing quantity of 85 g/plate and 6-row riding high-speed transplanter could effectively improve nitrogen uptake and utilization and promote the formation of grain yield.
Yuanyuan SUN, Qiao ZHANG, Yongjian SUN, Yuan TANG, Changchun GUO, Fangyan LIU, Yunxia WU, Zhiyuan YANG, jun MA . Effects of Seeding Quantity and Transplanting Machine Type on Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Mechanically transplanted Rice in Different Seedling Raising Ways[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2021 , 35(6) : 595 -605 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.200820
| [1] | 施能浦. 近期我国稻谷(米)供求趋势分析及发展预测与对策[J]. 中国稻米, 2015, 21(1): 1-5. |
| [1] | Shi N P.Analysis and development strategy on rice production & marketing trend in China[J]. China Rice, 2015, 21(1): 1-5. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [2] | Chen J, Cao F, Yin X, Huang M, Zou Y.Yield performance of early-season rice cultivars grown in the late season of double-season crop production under machine-transplanted conditions[J/OL].PloS ONE, 2019, 14(3): e0213075. |
| [3] | 李旭毅, 孙永健, 程宏彪, 郑洪帧, 杨志远, 贾现文, 刘树金, 胡蓉, 马均. 氮肥运筹和栽培方式对杂交籼稻Ⅱ优498 结实期群体光合特性的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2011, 37(9): 1650-1659. |
| [3] | Li X Y, Sun Y J, Cheng H B, Zheng H Z, Yang Z Y, Jia X W, Liu S J, Hu R, Ma J.Effects of nitrogen application strategy and cultivation model on the performances of canopy apparent photosynthesis of indica hybrid rice Er you 498 during filling stage[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2011, 37(9): 1650-1659. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [4] | 李旭毅, 孙永健, 程洪彪, 郑宏祯, 刘树金, 胡蓉, 马均. 两种生态条件下氮素调控对不同栽培方式水稻干物质积累和产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2011, 17(4): 773-781. |
| [4] | Li X Y, Sun Y J, Cheng H B, Zheng H Z, Liu S J, Hu R, Ma J.Effects of nitrogen regulation on dry matter accumulation and grain yield of rice under different cultivation models and two kinds of ecological conditions[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2011, 17(4): 773-781. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [5] | 魏海燕, 张洪程, 杭杰, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 张胜飞, 马群, 张庆, 张军. 不同氮素利用效率基因型水稻氮素积累与转移的特性[J]. 作物学报, 2008, 34(1): 119-125. |
| [5] | Wei H Y, Zhang H C, Hang J, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Zhang S F, Ma Q, Zhang Q, Zhang J.Characteristics of N accumulation and translocation in rice genotypes with different N use efficiencies[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2008, 34(1): 119-125. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [6] | 赵敏, 胡剑锋, 钟晓媛, 张强, 周虹, 任万军. 不同基因型机插稻植株氮素积累运转特性[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(2): 277-287. |
| [6] | Zhao M, Hu J F, Zhong X Y, Zhang Q, Zhou H, Ren W J.Differences in N accumulation and translocation in the machine-transplanted rice genotypes[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2015, 21(2): 277-287. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [7] | Chen S, Liu S W, Yin M, Zheng X, Chu G, Xu C N, Wang D Y, Zhang X F.Seasonal changes in crop growth and grain yield of different japonica rice cultivars in Southeast China.Agronomy Journal, 2020, 112: 215-227. |
| [8] | 王海月, 蒋明金, 孙永健, 郭长春, 殷尧翥, 何艳, 严田蓉, 杨志远, 徐徽, 马均. 常规氮肥与缓释氮肥配施对不同株距机插杂交稻磷素吸收、转运及分配特征的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(1): 115-125. |
| [8] | Wang H Y, Jiang M J, Sun Y J, Guo C C,Yin Y Z, He Y, Yan T R, Yang Z Y, Xu H, Ma J.Effects of conventional urea combined with slow-release urea application on phosphorus uptake, translocation and distribution in mechanically transplanted rice with different plant spacings[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(1): 115-125. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [9] | 王海月, 李玥, 孙永健, 李应洪, 蒋明金, 王春雨, 赵建红, 孙园园, 徐徽, 严奉君, 马均. 不同施氮水平下缓释氮肥配施对机插稻氮素利用特征及产量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2017, 31(1): 50-64. |
| [9] | Wang H Y, Li Y, Sun Y J, Li Y H, Jiang M J, Wang C Y, Zhao J H, Sun Y Y, Xu H, Yan F J, Ma J.Effects of slow-release urea on nitrogen utilization and yield in mechanically-transplanted rice under different nitrogen application rates[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2017, 31(1): 50-64. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [10] | 李玥, 李应洪, 赵建红, 孙永健, 徐徽, 严奉君, 谢华英, 马均. 缓控释氮肥对机插稻氮素利用特征及产量的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2015, 41(6): 673-684. |
| [10] | Li Y, Li Y H, Zhao J H, Sun Y J, Xu H, Yan F J, Xie H Y, Ma J.Effects of slow and controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen utilization characteristics and yield of machine-transplanted rice[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture & Life Sciences), 2015, 41(6): 673-684. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [11] | 张绍文, 何巧林, 王海月, 蒋明金, 李应洪, 严奉君, 杨志远, 孙永健, 郭翔, 马均. 控制灌溉条件下施氮量对杂交籼稻F优498氮素利用效率及产量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(1): 82-94. |
| [11] | Zhang S W, He Q L, Wang H Y, Jiang M J, Li Y H, Yan F J, Yang Z Y, Sun Y J, Guo X, Ma J.Effects of nitrogen application rates on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of indica hybrid rice F you 498 under controlled intermittent irrigation[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2018, 24(1): 82-94. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [12] | 孙永健, 马均, 孙园园, 徐徽, 严奉君, 代邹, 蒋明金, 李玥. 水氮管理模式对杂交籼稻冈优527群体质量和产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(10): 2047-2061. |
| [12] | Sun Y J, Ma J, Sun Y Y, Xu H, Yan F J, Dai Z, Jiang M J, Li Y.Effects of water and nitrogen management patterns on population quality and yield of hybrid rice gangyou 527[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(10): 2047-2061. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [13] | He H, You C, Wu H, Zhu D, Yang R, He Q, Wu L.Effects of nursery tray and transplanting methods on rice yield[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2018, 110(1): 104. |
| [14] | 王海月, 殷尧翥, 孙永健, 李应洪, 杨志远, 严奉君, 张绍文, 郭长春, 马均. 不同株距和缓释氮肥配施量下机插杂交稻的产量及光合特性[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(4): 843-855. |
| [14] | Wang H Y, Yin Y Z, Sun Y J, Li Y H, Yang Z Y, Yan F J, Zhang S W, Guo C C, Ma J.Yield and photosynthetic characteristics of mechanical-transplanted rice under different slow-release nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant population[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2017, 23(4): 843-855. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [15] | 张桥, 向开宏, 孙永健, 武云霞, 郭长春, 唐源, 刘芳艳, 马均. 不同育秧方式下播种量和插秧机具对水稻产量及群体质量的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2020, 34(11): 227-238. |
| [15] | Zhang Q, Xiang K H, Sun Y J, Wu Y X,; Guo C C, Tang Y, Liu F Y, Ma J.Effects of seeding amount and transplanting machines on rice yield and population quality under different seedling raising methods[J]. Journal Nuclear Agricultural Science, 2020, 34(11): 227-238. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [16] | 孙永健, 孙园园, 蒋明金, 李应洪, 严奉君, 徐徽, 王海月, 马均. 施肥水平对不同氮效率水稻氮素利用特征及产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(24): 4745-4756. |
| [16] | Sun Y J, Sun Y Y, Jiang M J, Li Y H, Yan F J, Xu H, Wang H Y, Ma J.Effects of fertilizer levels on nitrogen utilization characteristics and yield in rice cultivars with different nitrogen use efficiencies[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(24): 4745-4756. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [17] | 李应洪, 孙永健, 李玥, 吕腾飞, 蒋明金, 严奉君, 马均. 不同秧龄下机插方式与密度对杂交稻根系生长及氮素利用特征的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2017, 31(6): 599-610. |
| [17] | Li Y H, Sun Y J, Li Y, Lü T F, Jiang M J, Yan F J, Ma J.Effects of mechanical-transplanted modes and density on root growth and characteristics of nitrogen utilization in hybrid rice at different seedling-ages[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2017, 31(6): 599-610. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [18] | 戢林, 杨欢, 李廷轩, 张锡洲, 余海英. 氮高效利用基因型水稻干物质生产和氮素积累特性[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(6): 327-335. |
| [18] | Ji L, Yang H, Li T X, Zhang X Z, Yu H Y.Dry matter production and nitrogen accumulation of rice genotypes with different nitrogen use efficiencies[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(6): 327-335. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [19] | 陈明霞, 黄见良, 崔克辉, 聂立孝, 彭少兵. 不同氮效率基因型水稻植株氨挥发速率及其与氮效率的关系[J].作物学报, 2010, 36(5): 879-884. |
| [19] | Chen M X, Huan J L, Cui K H, Nie L X, Peng S B.Genotypic variation in ammonia volatilization rate of rice shoots and its relationship with nitrogen use efficiency[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2010, 36(5): 879-884. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [20] | 尹晓明, 李辰. 不同氮效率水稻品种叶片光合作用及氮利用特征的差异分析[J]. 作物杂志, 2019(1): 90-96. |
| [20] | Yi X M, Li C.Differences in leaf photosynthesis and assimilation of nitrogen between two rice cultivars differing in nitrogen use efficiency[J]. Crops, 2019(1): 90-96. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [21] | 彭玉, 孙永健, 蒋明金, 徐徽, 秦俭, 杨志远, 马均. 不同水分条件下缓/控释氮肥对水稻干物质量和氮素吸收、运转及分配的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2014, 40(5): 859-870. |
| [21] | Peng Y, Sun Y J, Jiang M J, Xu H, Qin J, Yang Z Y, Ma J.Effects of water management and slow/controlled release nitrogen fertilizer on biomass and nitrogen accumulation, translocation, and distribution in rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2014, 40(5): 859-870. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [22] | 许轲, 周兴涛, 曹利强, 张洪程, 郭保卫, 陈厚存, 吴中华, 朱聪聪, 杨岩. 不同类型钵苗及摆栽密度对粳型超级稻氮素吸收利用与转运特征的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2013, 46(23): 4876-4892. |
| [22] | Xu K, Zhou X T, Cao L H, Zhang H C, Guo B W, Chen H C, Wu Z H, Zhu C C, Yang Y.Effects of different types of bowl seedlings and densities on characteristics of nitrogen uptake, utilization and translocation of bowl transplanted japonica super rice[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(23): 4876-4892. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [23] | 侯玉. 不同栽培管理模式下水稻产量形成与氮肥利用效率的比较研究[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2014: 37. |
| [23] | Hou Y.Grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency under different crop management practices in single season rice[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2014: 37. |
| [24] | 彭龙龙. 氮肥运筹和播种量对双季稻群体发育及产量形成研究[D]. 南昌: 江西农业大学, 2016: 55-56. |
| [24] | Peng L L.The research on characteristics of nitrogen application and different seeding rate on double crop rice machine plug population development and yield formation[D]. Nanchang: Jiangxi Agricultural University, 2016: 55-56. |
| [25] | 吴文革, 周永进, 陈刚, 蔡海涛, 吴然然, 李霞红, 孙如银. 不同育秧基质和水分管理对机插稻秧苗素质与产量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2014, 22(9): 1057-1063. |
| [25] | Wu W G, Zhou Y J, Chen G, Cai H T, Wu R R, Li X H, Sun R Y.Effects of different seedling nursery substrates and water management modes on seedling quality and yield of mechanically transplanted rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2014, 22(9): 1057-1063. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [26] | 汪建军, 曾勇军, 易艳红, 章起明, 胡启星, 谭雪明, 黄山, 商庆银, 曾研华, 石庆华. 基于不同播种量的双季机插早稻均匀度对产量形成的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2018(2): 141-147. |
| [26] | Wang J J, Zeng Y J, Yi Y H, Zhang Q M, Hu Q X, Tan X M, Huang S, Shang Q Y, Zeng Y H, Shi Q H.The uniformity of mechanical-transplanted early-season rice under different seeding rates and its effects on the formation of grain yield[J]. Crops, 2018(2): 141-147. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [27] | 龙瑞平, 邓安凤, 刘冲发, 祁春, 夏琼梅, 李贵勇, 杨从党. 播种量对机插稻产量和生物学特性的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2013, 19(4): 109-110, 113. |
| [27] | Long Y P, Deng A F, Liu C F, Qi C, Xia Q M, Li G Y, Yang C D.Effects of seeding rate on yield and biological characteristics of mechanical transplanting rice[J]. China Rice, 2013, 19(4): 109-110, 113. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [28] | 何文洪, 陈惠哲, 朱德峰, 徐一成, 林贤青, 张玉屏. 不同播种量对水稻机插秧苗素质及产量的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2008, 14(3): 60-62. |
| [28] | He W H, Chen H Z, Zhu D F, Xu Y C, Lin X Q, Zhang Y P.Effects of different sowing quantity on quality and yield of rice transplanter seedlings[J]. China Rice, 2008, 14(3): 60-62. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |