Chinese Journal OF Rice Science >
Metabolism of γ-aminobutyrate and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline Analyses at Various Grain Developmental Stages in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Received date: 2020-08-05
Revised date: 2020-09-16
Online published: 2021-03-10
【Objective】It is important to reveal the dynamic changes of metabolites and genes involved in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) metabolic pathways at various grain developmental stages in scented and non-scented rice cultivars by metabolomes and transcriptomes. The purpose of this study is to lay a theoretical basis for high GABA and 2AP rice breeding. 【Method】The metabolomics and transcriptomics of grains including milky grains (8D, 8 days after flowering), dough grains (15D), mature grains (30D) and milled rice (40D) of scented rice cultivar Meixiangzhan 2(MXZ) along with non-scented rice cultivar Huanghuazhan (HHZ) were performed by LC-MS/MS and RNA-seq, respectively. Finally, the metabolites and transcript profiles of GABA and 2AP metabolic pathways were analyzed. 【Result】The LC-MS/MS-based metabolic PCA analysis illustrated that the 8D and 40D grains of both varieties were dispersedly distributed, while 15D and 30D grains were concentrated in a relatively narrow area. In a total of 623 metabolites were detected in all samples, among which 161 were different metabolites. The contents of nine metabolites, detected in the GABA and 2AP pathways, followed a similar changing trend in all samples. We found that putrescine was located in embryo and aleurone layer, while spermidine was specifically accumulated in the endosperm. About 33 000 genes were identified through the gene expression analysis, among which 14 genes involved in GABA pathway showed high transcriptional levels. These related genes had similar abundance patterns between two varieties, while the Badh2 was the only differentially expressed gene. GAD1, GABA-T1, DAO4 and PAO4 showed higher expression levels as compared with respective homologous genes. The L-arginine and putrescine profiles minimized in HHZ 5D grains, while the polyamine degradation had strong activity in whole MXZ grain development. There were all metabolites required for the 2AP synthesis in the grains, and both polyamine degradation pathway and the glutamate-proline pathway contributed to the accumulation of 2AP in grains. 【Conclusion】The GABA metabolite was mainly degraded, and GABA-T1 and GABA-T2 were responsible for GABA degradation. The metabolites involved in GABA pathway were mainly concentrated in the aleurone layer, and the metabolites and gene expression profiles had similar patterns in both rice varieties. A higher mitochondria activity was found in MXZ grains than HHZ.
Yangyang PAN, Yibo CHEN, Chongrong WANG, Hong LI, Daoqiang HUANG, Degui ZHOU, Zhidong WANG, Lei ZHAO, Rong GONG, Shaochuan ZHOU . Metabolism of γ-aminobutyrate and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline Analyses at Various Grain Developmental Stages in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2021 , 35(2) : 121 -129 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.0805
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