【Objective】To illuminate the effect of concentrations of nystatin on physiological indicators of brown planthoppers [Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)],【Method】detoxifying enzymes and uricase gene relative transcriptional level in brown planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens) were measured after treatment with different concentrations of nystatin. 【Result】The content of aromatic amidase (AAD) in the brown planthopper(BPH) population fed on nystatin treated rice was decreased in the early stage, and increased gradually in the late stage. Nystatin treatment could significantly decrease the content of O-deethyl enzyme (ODEE). Activity of carboxylesterase(CarE) and glutathione S-transferase(GST) in BPH showed different trends under the treatment of nystatin. The activities of CarE and GST in 600 U/mL nystatin treated BPH population was induced-inhibited-induced during the treatment period, while there has been general uptrend of activities of two enzymes in the 300 U/mL and 150 U/mL nystatin treated populations within 72 h. The relative transcriptional level of uricase gene in different concentrations nystatin treated BPH populations had no significant difference with control by treatment with 24 h and 48 h. After feeding 48 h, the transcriptional level in three nystatin treated BPH populations and control population all decreased. To 72 h, the relative transcriptional level of uricase gene increased and transcriptional level in treated population was significantly lower than that in control population. 【Conclusion】Four detoxifying enzymes showed different trends after BPH was fed on rice treated with nystatin at different concentrations, nystatin treatment also reduce the content of uricase by reducing the number of yeast-like symbiotes.