In order to prove up mechanism of rice endosperm development and aleurone layer formation， structure changes of rice aleurone cells and inner endosperm cells during caryopsis development were observed under light microscope and electron microscope．Kinds and relative content of endosperm cell elements were analyzed with energy spectrometer．The results show that aleurone cells are differentiated from endosperm epidermis．The contents of P，K，Mg and Ca mineral elements in aleurone cells are obviously higher than those in inner endosperm cells．During the early development stage，aleurone cells contain many mitochondria，spherosomes and small vacuoles；during the middle and late development stages，small vacuoles accumulate protein and mineral elements to form aleurone granules．During middle and late development stages of endosperm，nuclei of endosperm cells distort and degenerate when cells accumulate starch；however，nuclei of aleurone cells do not degenerate during the development．The formation of aleurone layers is related to accumulation of mineral elements，lipids and other “filling wastes” (not endosperm cell reserve substance things)．Therefore，cell layers of the aleurone layer in dorsal caryopsis through which more nutrients are transported overnumber those in ventral and side caryopsis．Development of cereal endosperm should be divided into four stages: coenocyte stage，cellularization stage，differentiation stage and maturation stage．
WANG Zhong*, GU Yunjie, ZHENG Yankun, WANG Huihui
. Structure Observation of Rice Endosperm Cell Development and Its Mineral Element Analysis[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2012
, 26(6)
: 693
-705
.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.10017216.2012.06.009
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